Phytoplankton population in relation to physicochemical parameters of Gwaigwaye Reservoir Katsina State, Nigeria

The study on phytoplankton population in relation to physicochemical parameters of Gwaigwaye reservoir, Katsina state was carried out from May 2013 to April 2014to establish physical, chemical, and biological parameters (Phytoplankton) of Gwaigwaye reservoir. Four sampling stations were chosen; the physicochemical andbiological parameters were determined using standard methods and procedures. The result revealed that; Water temperature (25.02 ± 0.170C), pH (7.54 ± 0.03), Alkalinity (3.69±0.09), Conductivity (129.43 ± 5.15μЅ/cm), Total Dissolved Solids (50.54 ± 0.57mg/L) Nitrate-nitrogen (0.21 ± 0.04mg/L), Water hardness (134.44 ± 3.06mg/LCaCO3), Dissolved Oxygen (3.98 ± 0.10mg/L), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (2.53 ± 0.08mg/L), Phosphate-phosphorus (0.19 ± 0.02mg/L), Chloride (5.09 ± 0.15mg/L), Sulphor-sulphate (0.21± 0.01) and Calcium (2.97±0.06mg/L) varied with months and seasons. Analysis of variance indicated significant difference between seasons (P < 0.05); but no significant difference in phytoplankton distribution and abundance among the four stations (P>0.05). The result indicated phytoplankton percentage composition as; Chlorophyta (57.66%), Bacillariophyta (25.70%), Cyanophyta (14.73%), and Dinophyta (1.91%). Water quality of the reservoir is influenced by anthropogenic activities, the reservoir water is suitable for irrigational and domestic purposes from the results of most of the physicochemical and biological parameters obtained. Hence, there is need for an effective anthropogenic inputs control programme in the reservoir.Keywords: Gwaigwaye; Physicochemical; Phytoplankton; Reservoi

Spartan Daily, April 20, 1944

Volume 32, Issue 116https://scholarworks.sjsu.edu/spartandaily/10921/thumbnail.jp

Impact Of Crude Oil On Recruitment Of Epibenthic Organisms In Cross River Estuary, South East Nigeria

Effects of crude oil on recruitment of epibenthic organisms in Cross River estuary were studied in February and March, 2007 on wooden Panels (15×15×1.5cm). The panels were immersed in Nigerian light crude oil and later suspended in the estuary for six weeks. Rhizoclonium hieroglyphicum showed slight resistance to the effect of the crudeoil while species like Balanus balanoide, Crassostrea gazar, Bugula neritina, Serbellaria intoshi, Catenella opuntia and Caloglossa leprieurii showed slight inhibition. Statistically, there was however no significant difference in the recruitment level of the organisms on both the control panels and oil-polluted panels, (p>0.05). This may probably have been as a result of weathering process or bacterial degradation of the crude oil which rapidly diluted the hydrocarbon, thereby reducing its toxicity. The result reveals that widespread oil spill during the reproductive season would reduce larval settlement and impede subsequent recruitment. The ecological implications of these findings arediscussed

A Yorkshire Dialogue between Will a Wally, and his Wife Pegg, and her Brother Roger, their Son Hobb, their Daughter Tib, their Neece Nan, and their Landlord

Literatura dialectal. -- Yorkshire. -- Pertenece a la colección 1500-1699 del Salamanca Corpus. -- Poesía. -- Diálogos. -- Anónimo. -- A Yorkshire Dialogue between Will a Wally, and his Wife Pegg, and her Brother Roger, their Son Hobb, their Daughter Tib, their Neece Nan, and their Landlord. -- Obra manuscrita. -- Se cree que se escribió entre 1690 y 1730, fecha del manuscrito.[EN] Tale set in Yorkshire [ES] HIstoria que se desarrolla en Yorkshir

MS

thesisThe urinary glucose determinations of diabetics are not used simple as an indicator of the glucose level in the urine but as an indicator of the blood glucose level and control of the carbohydrate abnormality. Therefore the blood glucose level predicted from semi-quantitative urine glucose tests such as Clinitest would be more useful in assessment in the control of the carbohydrate abnormality if the accuracy of the prediction could be established. The purpose of this study was to determine how accurately the blood glucose level could be predicated by measuring with Clinitest Reagent tables, the level of glucose in the second voided urine sample of diabetic children. The subjects of this study were 72 diabetic children, between the ages of nine and fourteen, attending Camp Utada for diabetic children, August 15-22, 1971. The subjects were divided into 6 groups of between 8-15 children and each group was followed for one day. A second voided urine sample was obtained from each subject before each meal and at bedtime (7:30 AM, 11:20AM, 4:30 PM, 9:00PM) and was tested for glucose using Clinitest Reagent tablets and acetone using Ketostix Reagent Strips. Immediately upon receiving the second voided urine sample, a capillary blood sample was taken and analyzed for glucose level using Dextrostix Reagent Strips and a Reflectance Meter. Simultaneous capillary blood glucose levels and urine glucose levels were thus measured on 72 diabetic children resulting in a total number of 259 samples. The results showed the negative Clinitest urine glucose level gave an accurate prediction of blood glucose levels considering the renal threshold for glucose to be approximately 180 mg/100 ml. 52 out of 55 samples with a negative urine glucose measurement demonstrated blood glucose levels under 180 mg/100 ml. The middle 4 Clinitest urine glucose measurements (trace, +, ++, +++) showed tremendous overlap making prediction of accurate blood glucose levels impossible. Over half the samples showed urine glucose measurements in the ++++ range. The ++++ range also showed wide variation making accurate prediction of blood glucose level difficult. The +++++ urine glucose level appeared to be an accurate measurement of high blood glucose levels of over 440mg/100 ml. The study suggests that the best prediction of blood glucose levels from Clinitest urine glucose values would be obtained if we combined the trace, +, ++, +++ Clinitest urine reactions and consider them all as + reaction. Negative Clinitest would include all blood glucose levels under 180 mg/100 ml, + Clinitest would include blood glucose levels ranging from 130-250 mg/100 ml and ++++ Clinitest would include ranges from 200-500 mg/100 ml. +++++ Clinitest would indicate blood glucose of over 400 mg/100ml. The Pearson Product-Moment Correlation showed r = 0.72 thus indicating a positive correlation between blood glucose levels and urine glucose levels as measured with Clinitest Reagent tables. When the samples were divided according to the time of day the test was done it was found that the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation was highest at 4:30 PM (r = 0.83) and lowest at 11:30 AM (r = 0.51). It was also found that when acetone was present in the urine there was a poor correlation (r = 0.05) of blood glucose and urine glucose measurements. Because of the small sample size of those showing acetone this was difficult to interpret. On the basis of the research findings, the conclusion may be drawn that except for the negative Clinitest reacation and +++++ Clinitest reaction we are not able to predict blood glucose level accurately from knowing the Clinitest urine glucose measurement

A High-Scoring Scrabble Game

Games between average Scrabble players are likely to produce a total score somewhere between 400 and 60 points; games between experts (e.g., those who qualify for the National Scrabble Championships held in London each June) often score twice as much. However, if the two Scrabble players co-operate instead of compete with each other, far higher scores can be achieved. For example, in the May 1972 Word Ways, Darryl Francis detailed a Scrabble game in which the combined scores of the two players was 3108 points