National Identity and Intercultural Outlook: a Critical Review of Hong Kong's Civic Education Since the 1980's

This paper argues that in the new landscape of a postmodernist world, civic education would need to nurture national identity and promote intercultural outlook hand in hand. This article reviews development of Hong Kong’s civic education development in this light. In the case of post-colonial Hong Kong, a sensible balance is most needed as the city is to continue as an international city that functions as one of China’s windows to the world.Civic education; National identity; Intercultural outlook.

A Journey Across rivers and lakes : a look at the Jianghu in Chinese Culture and Literature

This paper sets out to explore the possibility as well as the impossibility of representing a seemingly untranslatable term: jianghu, which literally means "rivers and lakes" in the Chinese language. The paper discusses how the term evolves almost like an organic entity of its own, stretching from Chinese literature, cinema to the everyday use of the term as slangs and idioms. By looking at how the term is translated from one language to another, from an ancient context to a (post)modern context, and further away from one generation to another, this paper attempts to study the process of adaptation and translation beyond a linguistic scope, but towards a broader field of literary, cultural and film studies. The paper also examines how the process of translating, adapting and imagining jianghu can be deemed a manifestation of the Derridian concept of "supplementarity".Este trabajo pretende explorar la posibilidad y, al mismo tiempo, la imposibilidad, de representar un término aparentemente intraducible: jianghu, que significa, literalmente, «ríos y lagos» en chino. El trabajo comenta cómo el término evoluciona casi como una entidad orgánica en sí misma, que va desde la literatura china y el cine al uso cotidiano del término en jergas y refranes. Al analizar cómo se traduce el término de un idioma a otro, de un contexto antiguo a un contexto (pos)moderno, y de una generación a otra, este trabajo pretende estudiar el proceso de adaptación y traducción más allá de un ámbito lingüístico para incluir el ámbito más amplio de los estudios literarios, culturales y cinematográficos. El papel analiza además cómo el proceso de adaptación, traducción e imaginación de jianghu puede considerarse manifestación del concepto derridiano de «suplementariedad».Aquest article vol explorar la possibilitat, així com la impossibilitat de representació de jianghu (??), terme xinès aparentment intraduïble que significa, literalment, "rius i llacs". L'article analitza la seva evolució cap a una entitat quasi orgànica en ella mateixa, que es projecta des del camp de la literatura i el cinema xinesos cap a un ús quotidià del terme, dins de l'argot i les expressions idiomàtiques. Observant la traducció del terme d'una llengua a una altra, d'un context antic a un context postmodern i d'una generació a una altra, aquest article vol examinar el procés d'adaptació i traducció més enllà del camp de la lingüística, situant-se dins de l'àmbit dels estudis literaris, cinematogràfics i culturals. Finalment, l'article proposa, a partir del procés de traducció, adaptació i conceptualització de jianghu, la possibilitat de considerar-lo una manifestació del concepte derridià de "suplementarietat".Artikulu honek itzulezina omen den termino bat adierazteko posibilatea edo ezintasuna ikertzea du helburu, jianghu terminoa alegia, txineraz hitzez hitz "ibaiak eta lakuak" esan nahi duena. Artikuluan zehar terminoa bere baitango entitate organiko bat bailitzan nola eboluzionatu duen aurkezten da. Izan ere, txinatar literatura eta zinematik eguneroko hizkuntzako argot eta esamoldeetara hedatu da. Terminoa hizkuntza batetik bestera, antzinako testuingurutik testuinguru (post)modernora eta, are gehiago, belaunaldi batetik bestera itzultzeko moduari erreparatuta, artikuluak moldaketa eta itzulpen prozesua ikertzen du eremu linguistikoaz haratago, literatura, kultura eta zine ikasketen arloei begira. Horrez gain, jianghu terminoaren itzulpen, moldatze eta iruditze prozesua Derridak aurkeztutako "osagarritasuna" kontzeptuaren adierazpentzat har daitekeela azaltzen da

A study of offshore printing between the United States and China

In 2004, Andy Paparozzi of the National Association of Printing Leadership (NAPL) reported that it was a good year for the U.S. printing industry, because it was the first year since 2001 in which the industry showed growth. However, this good news cannot appease the complaints from U.S. printers who are concerned about losing their jobs to overseas printers. According to a survey conducted by the Printing Industries of America/Graphic Arts Technical Foundation (PIA/GATF), 40% of printers think that their customers are seeking global sourcing for their printing needs. Offshoring is the new reality of globalization. Journalists constantly mention the benefits and dangers in offshoring. No one is really sure if offshoring is beneficial or not, or if it is just overwhelming the printing industry. For the following thesis, the researcher conducted two surveys. One targeted U.S. print buyers (buyers, brokers, and book publishers); the other survey targeted Chinese printers. This research discusses the following issues: • How do Chinese printers view U.S. offshore print buying trends? • How are Chinese printers planning to upgrade and to improve their capabilities to acquire and to handle offshore print jobs? • Is there a trend (an increase or a decrease) in offshore print buying from China? • How do U.S. print buyers evaluate the need to send print jobs to China? • What are the obstacles that prevent U.S. print buyers from buying print from China? The research findings will benefit the U.S. printers by clarifying our understanding the print buyer’s behavior and reasons for purchasing their print offshore. With more accurate knowledge in this field, U.S. printers will be in a better position to know what it will take to become more competitive

Nanosphere Lithography for Nitride Semiconductors

Ch. 3

America new China policy : the hedgagement approach

In the past few decades, the rise of China has shifted the political landscape in the Asia Pacific region. China has succeeded in economic development since the reform in 1979. It is transforming its growing economic strength into military power by substantially increasing military expenditure. According to the estimation of Global Trends 2025, by 2025 China will be the second largest economic and military power if current trend persists. The emergence of China has inevitably altered its international role when it is becoming the great power. With increasing economic interdependence and the anti-terrorism, the Sino-U.S. relations have become more complicated than ever before. On one hand, China has been an economic cooperator of the United States. The United States is calling for further economic cooperation between them, especially after the outbreak of Financial Tsunami. On the other hand, China is simultaneously the potential competitor. The United States is misgiving about overtaking from China in the 21st century. It worries the rise of China will constitute the same type of security threat to it that Germany did to Britain in the two World Wars. To respond the rise of China, Joseph Nye remarked that the development of Indo-U.S. strategic ties would be able to dissuade the future ambition of China and thus encourage China to be a “responsible stakeholder” in the international system. The objectives of this research are to identify the nature of the current China policy towards the U.S. and the feasibility of this strategy. To understand the current China policy it is crucial that we understand how the United States has coped with the rise of China. In order to test the current nature of Chinese policy, it will be necessary to compare the engagement and containment policy. The United States is implementing a two-pronged policy towards China that combines “engagement” and “hedging”. The term “engagement” means integrating China into the existing international system through economic cooperation and institutionalization. The term “hedging” means preserving enough dissuasive power to prevent the emergence of aggressive China in future. The strategic goal of this policy is to engage China while dissuading it from challenging the United States militarily in future. However, until now, there is still a question over how does the United States cope with the rise of China as the essence of U.S. two-pronged policy is still uncertainty. The controversy is whether the branch of hedging equals to the containment or not. To analyze the essence of U.S. hedging policy, this policy will be compared with U.S. containment policy towards the Soviet Union during the Cold War era as well as U.S. foreign policy towards other rising powers, such as India and Brazil. Then, India will be used as a case study in order to test the feasibility of U.S. two-pronged foreign policy toward China

Individual vs. Aggregate Decision Making – Diversification Discount

This paper studies via experimental setting whether diversification discount exists and what factors affect the magnitude of the discount. The results suggest that experience before decision increases the likelihood of exercising the real option of conglomerates. People are also more likely to convert if it is less risky to do so

A Journey Across Rivers and Lakes: a Look at the Untranslatable 'Jianghu' in Chinese Culture and Literature

This paper sets out to explore the possibility as well as the impossibility of representing a seemingly untranslatable term: jianghu (江湖), which literally means “rivers and lakes” in the Chinese language. The paper discusses how the term evolves almost like an organic entity of its own, stretching from Chinese literature, cinema to the everyday use of the term as slangs and idioms. By looking at how the term is translated from one language to another, from an ancient context to a (post)modern context, and further away from one generation to another, this paper attempts to study the process of adaptation and translation beyond a linguistic scope, but towards a broader field of literary, cultural and film studies. The paper also examines how the process of translating, adapting and imagining jianghu can be deemed a manifestation of the Derridian concept of “supplementarity”