Economic Analysis of Strategies to Combat HLB in Florida Citrus

citrus greening, huanglongbing, asian citrus psyllid, Crop Production/Industries, Resource /Energy Economics and Policy,

Pengembangan Berpikir Kritis dalam Pembelajaran Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Menggunakan Project Citizen

Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh kebutuhan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir kritis dengan pembelajaran yang lebih inovatif yaitu menggunakan project citizen. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Universitas Kristen Satya Wacana Salatiga dengan subjek penelitian mahasiswa. Data diambil melalui studi dokumentasi, angket, tes, observasi, dan wawancara. Pengolahan data dilakukan dengan statistik dan didukung teori-teori tentang berpikir kritis seperti teori mengenai sikap positif untuk berpikir kritis dari John Langrehr (2006), kemampuan berpikir kritis dari CCEI (2004), karakter berpikir kritis dari Moore and Parker (2009) dan teori-teori yang berkaitan dengan project citizen seperti teori mengenai research-oriented learning dan inquiry learning. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode quasi eksperimen untuk uji beda antara kelas yang menggunakan project citizen dan kelas konvensional. Untuk pengembangan digunakan desain eksperimental dengan menambah pemahaman mengenai berpikir kritis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pengembangan berpikir kritis menggunakan project citizen yang didahului dengan pemahaman tentang berpikir kritis akan lebih maksimal

Isogeometric analysis for functionally graded microplates based on modified couple stress theory

Analysis of static bending, free vibration and buckling behaviours of functionally graded microplates is investigated in this study. The main idea is to use the isogeometric analysis in associated with novel four-variable refined plate theory and quasi-3D theory. More importantly, the modified couple stress theory with only one material length scale parameter is employed to effectively capture the size-dependent effects within the microplates. Meanwhile, the quasi-3D theory which is constructed from a novel seventh-order shear deformation refined plate theory with four unknowns is able to consider both shear deformations and thickness stretching effect without requiring shear correction factors. The NURBS-based isogeometric analysis is integrated to exactly describe the geometry and approximately calculate the unknown fields with higher-order derivative and continuity requirements. The convergence and verification show the validity and efficiency of this proposed computational approach in comparison with those existing in the literature. It is further applied to study the static bending, free vibration and buckling responses of rectangular and circular functionally graded microplates with various types of boundary conditions. A number of investigations are also conducted to illustrate the effects of the material length scale, material index, and length-to-thickness ratios on the responses of the microplates.Comment: 57 pages, 14 figures, 18 table

The Implementation of Balance Score Card for Performance Measurement in Small and Medium Enterprises: Evidence From Malaysian Health Care Services

The needs for SMEs to measure their performance is to improve their service to customers, employees, societies and stakeholders. The purpose of the study was to investigate the implementation of Balance Score Card as the performance measurement system in SMEs. In this study, 1000 mailed questionnaires were sent to health care services in Malaysia. Out of this, only 105 responded and data collected were analyzed. Using factor analysis with varimax rotation technique, the study found four factors with eigenvalue value more than 1.0. Those factors that explained total variance of 69.346 percent, indicated the four components of BSC implemented by SMEs in Malaysian Health Care Services. Those components are as follows: learning and growth, mission and vision, customer and internal business perspective

Mekanisme Ketahanan Terinduksi Oleh Plant Growth Promotting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) Pada Tanaman Cabai Terinfeksi Cucumber Mosaik Virus (CMV)

. Taufik, M., A. Rahman, A. Wahab, and S.H. Hidayat. 2010. Induced Resistant Mechanism byPlant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on Pepper Plants Infected By Cucumber Mosaic Virus (CMV).Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria can suppress disease intensity through systematical induction resistance or yieldhormone of growth regulator. The purpose of this research was to determine the mechanism of induced resistance CMVinfected chilli plants by measureing accumulate salicylated acid (SA), peroxidase (reverse transcriptase-polymerasechain reaction) (RT-PCR) and banding patterns of plant protein. The results showed that the application of PGPR canreduce of disease incidence pepper plants that was infected by CMV. Application PGPR can significantly improveplant growth and reduce the occurence of CMV infection symptoms. Mixture of isolates PG 01 and BG 25 gave betterresponse of plant growth compared to other treatments. The occurence of the disease on infected chilli plants treatedwith isolates mixture of PG 01 and BG 25, and single isolate of BG 25 was 8.33%, while the application of singleisolate of PG 01 caused the desease intensity up to 16.67%. The accumulation of salicylates acid and peroxydasewas higher in the chilli plants applied by PGPR. The technique of RT-PCR was able to detect CMV using spesificprimers. No difference of total protein band patterns between tested plants and control

Reversing Chromatin Accessibility Differences that Distinguish Homologous Mitotic Metaphase Chromosomes

BACKGROUND: Chromatin-modifying reagents that alter histone associating proteins, DNA conformation or its sequence are well established strategies for studying chromatin structure in interphase (G1, S, G2). Little is known about how these compounds act during metaphase. We assessed the effects of these reagents at genomic loci that show reproducible, non-random differences in accessibility to chromatin that distinguish homologous targets by single copy DNA probe fluorescence in situ hybridization (scFISH). By super-resolution 3-D structured illumination microscopy (3D-SIM) and other criteria, the differences correspond to \u27differential accessibility\u27 (DA) to these chromosomal regions. At these chromosomal loci, DA of the same homologous chromosome is stable and epigenetic hallmarks of less accessible interphase chromatin are present. RESULTS: To understand the basis for DA, we investigate the impact of epigenetic modifiers on these allelic differences in chromatin accessibility between metaphase homologs in lymphoblastoid cell lines. Allelic differences in metaphase chromosome accessibility represent a stable chromatin mark on mitotic metaphase chromosomes. Inhibition of the topoisomerase IIα-DNA cleavage complex reversed DA. Inter-homolog probe fluorescence intensity ratios between chromosomes treated with ICRF-193 were significantly lower than untreated controls. 3D-SIM demonstrated that differences in hybridized probe volume and depth between allelic targets were equalized by this treatment. By contrast, DA was impervious to chromosome decondensation treatments targeting histone modifying enzymes, cytosine methylation, as well as in cells with regulatory defects in chromatid cohesion. These data altogether suggest that DA is a reflection of allelic differences in metaphase chromosome compaction, dictated by the localized catenation state of the chromosome, rather than by other epigenetic marks. CONCLUSIONS: Inhibition of the topoisomerase IIα-DNA cleavage complex mitigated DA by decreasing DNA superhelicity and axial metaphase chromosome condensation. This has potential implications for the mechanism of preservation of cellular phenotypes that enables the same chromatin structure to be correctly reestablished in progeny cells of the same tissue or individual

Report on the fifth international workshop on the CCN family of genes

The Fifth International Workshop on the CCN Family of Genes was held in Toronto October 18–22, 2008. This bi-annual workshop provides a unique opportunity for the presentation and discussion of cutting edge research in the CCN field. The CCN family members have emerged as extracellular matrix associated proteins which play a crucial role in cardiovascular and skeletal development, fibrosis and cancer. Significant progress has been made in the development of model systems to tease apart the CCN signalling pathways in these systems. Results presented at the conference suggest that targeting these pathways now shows real promise as a therapeutic strategy

Mycobacterial CYP121 as a target for anti-TB drug discovery

Despite the introduction of the first line treatment regimen forty years ago and the continuous trials since that time to introduce new regimens, tuberculosis (TB) is considered to be the cause of considerable mortality worldwide. Recent research highlighted the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)CYP450s as potential drug targets. This article reviews mycobacterial CYP121 as a target for anti-TB drug discovery