PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RUMPUT RAJA (Pennisetum purpupoides) DAN TEBON JAGUNG TERHADAP PERFORMANS SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE (PO) BETINA

THE EFFECTS OF AFFERING KING GRASS (Pennisetum Purpupoides) AND CORN STOVER ON PERFORMANCE OF ONGOLE CROSSBREED COWS A research evaluating the effects of affering king grass (Pennisetum purpupoides) and corn stover as feed ingredients on performance of ongole crossbreed cows has been conducled. Two years old, of fifteen ongole crossbreed cows with ± 200 kg body weight were used in this experiment. Completely  Randomized Design with 5 treatments and 3 replications was used. The treatments were R1 = 100% king grass, R2 = 75% king grass + 25% corn stover, R3 = 50% king grass + 50% corn stover, R4 = 25% king grass + 75% corn stover and R5 = 100% corn stover. Variables measured were dry matter consumption (DMC), average daily gain (ADG) and feed conversion (FC). The average of DMC, ADG and FC were 4,64-5,97 kg/tail/day, 0,36-0,55 kg/tail/day and 10,89-13,44 respectively.  The results showed that there were significant effects (P0,05) on FC. Tukey test showed that DMC of cows fed R1 were significantly (P0,05) difference among cows fed R3, R4 and R5. ADG of cows fed R1 was not significantly (P>0,05) different compared to R2, R3 and R4, while, cows fed R1 and R2 were Significantly (P<0,05) lower compared to R5. Based on the results on DMC, ADG and FC it can be concluded that to increase performance of crossbreed cows the portion of king grass can be affered up to 50%, on the other hand corn stover is more than 50% in the ration. Key words :     Kinggrass (Pennisetum purpupoides), corn stover, performance ongole crossbreed cows

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN RUMPUT RAJA (Pennisetum purpupoides) DAN TEBON JAGUNG TERHADAP KECERNAAN NDF DAN ADF PADA SAPI PO PEDET JANTAN

THE EFFECTS OF OFFERING KING GRASS (Pennisetum purpupoides) AND CORN STOVER ON NDF AND ADF DIGESTIBILITY OF MALE ONGOLE CROSS BREED STEER CALVES. A research evaluating the effects of offering king grass (Pennisetum purpupoides) and corn stover as feed ingredients on NDF and ADF digestibility of male ongole cross breed steer calves. This study used five male ongole calf weighing ± 100 kg. Latin Square design consisting of 5 treatments was used. The treatments were the ratio between the king grass and corn stover; R1 = 100% king grass, R2 = 75% king grass + 25% corn stover, R3 = 50% king grass + 50% corn stover, R4 = 25% king grass + 75% corn stover and R5 = 100% corn stover. The variables measured were digestibility of NDF and ADF. The results of analysis of variance showed that there were highly significant effects (P 0.05), while there were no significant different between R4 and R5 (P>0.05). Tukey test on ADF digestibility showed that there were no significant different among R1 (49.2%), R2 (58.03%), R3 (56.09%), and R4 (59.79%) (P >0.05), however R1 was significantly lower than R5 (65.32%) (P>0.05). There were no significant difference among R2 to R3, R4 and R5 (P>0.05). It can be concluded that biological value (NDF and ADF digestibility) of corn stover is higher compared to king grass. keywords: digestibility, king grass and corn stov

KECERNAAN PROTEIN KASAR DAN LEMAK KASAR PADA SAPI PERAH PERANAKAN FH (FRIESIAN HOLSTEIN) YANG DIBERI PAKAN LENGKAP BERBASIS TEBON JAGUNG

THE DIGESTIBILITY OF CRUDE PROTEIN AND CRUDE FAT ON FRIESIAN HOLSTEIN (FH) DAIRY COW FED COMPLETE FEED BASED ON CORN FORAGE. This study aims to determine the intake and digestibility of the crude protein and crude fat of complete feed based on corn forage. 14 FH dairy cows with 300-400 kg of weight were used in this study. This study was arranged in two treatment groups according to t-test (assuming unequal varience). The treatments consisted of Ra = 30% concentrate + 70% corn forage and Rb = 30% concentrate + 35% corn forage + 35% king grass. The variables measured were crude protein and crude fat intakes, and crude protein and crude fat digestibilities. t-test analysis results showed, the crude protein intake of Ra (934.23 grams/head/day) was not significantly different (P&gt;0.05) from Rb (924.20 grams/head/day), as well as the crude fat intake of Ra (332.93 grams/head/day) was also not significantly different (P&gt;0.05) form Rb (350.66 grams/head/day). The digestibility of crude protein in Rb treatment (85.34%) was significantly (P&lt;0.05) higher than Ra (82.18%), while the digestibility of crude fat in Rb treatment (88.90%) was highly significant different (P&lt;0.01) from Ra (84.31%). It is concluded that complete feed consisting of concentrate, corn forage and king grass has better crude protein and crude fat digestibilities than the other one that just consisting concentrate and corn forage. Keywords: digestibility, crude protein, crude fat, complete feed, FH cows

KONSUMSI DAN KECERNAAN JERAMI JAGUNG MANADO KUNING DAN JERAMI JAGUNG HIBRIDA JAYA 3 PADA SAPI PO

ABSTRACT INTAKE AND DIGESTIBILITY OF YELLOW MANADO AND JAYA 3 HYBRID CORN SRAWS FOR ONGOLE GRADE CATTLE. Experiment was conducted to determine the intake capacity and digestibility of Manado yellow corn straw (MYCS) and Jaya 3 hybrid corn straw (J3HCS) as single feed for Ongole grade cattle (OGC). Five female OGC were used in this experiment, applied into two periods. The animals were fed with MYCS in the first stage and J3HCS in the second stage. The measured variables were including dry matter intake (DMI), dry matter digestibility (DMD), digestibility of crude protein (DCP) and digestibility of Neutral Detergent Fiber (DNDF). The data were analyzed by T test. The results showed that treatment significantly affected (p <0.05) the DMI, DMD, DCP and DNDF. It can be concluded DMI, DMD, DCP and DNDF of MYCS were higher than those of J3HCS.   Key words: Dry matter Intake, Digestibility, Corn straw, Ongole grade cattle.

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN KONSENTRAT DALAM PAKAN RUMPUT BENGGALA (Panicum maximum ) TERHADAP KECERNAAN BAHAN KERING DAN BAHAN ORGANIK PADA KAMBING LOKAL

A research was conducted to evaluate the effects of concentrate utilization in Guinea grass (Panicum maximum) ration on dry matter and organic matter digestibilities. Twelve male local goats were used in this experiment and located in individual pens. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and three replicates was used. The treatments were R1 = 100 % guinea grass, R2 = 75 % guinea grass + 25 % concentrate, , R3 = 50 % guinea grass + 50 % concentrate, and R2 = 25 % guinea grass + 75 % concentrate. The results showed that effects on dry matter and organic matter digestibilities were high significantly different among treatments (P < 0.01). Ration without concentrate was significantly lower compared to ration with concentrate;. It can be concluded that the best dry matter and organic matter digestibilities were on 75 % concentrate in the ration Key words : Guinea grass, concentrate, digestibility, dry matter, organic matter, and local goat

Changes in in Vitro Methane Production and Fatty Acid Profiles in Response to Cakalang Fish Oil Supplementation

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of cakalang fish oil addition in ruminant feed on in vitro methane production and fatty acid profiles. This experiment consisted of four treatments which were R0 : feed composing of forage and concentrate at a ratio of 60% : 40% without cakalang fish oil (CFO) addition as control feed; R1: R0 added with CFO at 2.5%; R2: R0 added with CFO at 5%, and R3: R0 added with CFO at 7.5%. Fermentation with rumen fluid was done using the Hohenheim Gas Test (HGT); feeds were incubated at 39 oC for 72 hours. At the end of fermentation, samples were obtained and methane production and fatty acid profiles were determined. The experiment was conducted in completely randomised design with four replications. Data were analysed using analysis of variance and differences among treatment means were analysed using Duncan multiple range test. Results showed that CFO supplementation affected (P&lt;0.05) methane production, protozoa numbers and NH3 concentration; whereas the other parameters, i.e. VFA concentration, pH, and microbial protein were not affected. Some fatty acid profiles were influenced by treatments, such as palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, and linolenic (P&lt;0.05), while others, i.e. lauric and miristic were not affected. It is concluded that the best level of CFO supplementation is 5% as this level reduces methane production and increases unsaturated fatty acids without any negative effects on other variables measured

Perencanaan Pengembangan Bandar Udara (Studi Kasus: Bandar Udara Sepinggan Balikpapan)

Di Kalimantan Timur, saat ini transportasi melalui udara memegang peranan penting, dimana di beberapa daerah merupakan daerah pengeboran minyak, batu bara dan lainnya, sehingga memerlukan mobilitas yang tinggi antar daerah, dalam maupun luar propinsi. Dengan demikian, fungsi transportasi udara untuk kegiatan tersebut sangat vital. Di Balikpapan, salah satu kota dalam propinsi ini, terdapat Bandar Udara Internasional Sepinggan yang menurut sejarah awalnya digunakan untuk kegiatan Perusahaan Minyak Belanda (BPM). Dewasa ini, Bandara Sepinggan dianggap sudah tidak mampu menampung jumlah penumpang yang ada. Oleh karena hal tersebut, perlu direncanakan pengembangan untuk Bandara Sepinggan ini.Dalam merencanakan pengembangan suatu lapangan terbang harus memperkirakan arus lalu lintas di masa yang akan datang. Oleh karena itu, penelitian yang akan dilakukan bersifat research. Dengan menganalisa data lima tahun jumlah pesawat, penumpang, bagasi dan cargo menggunakan analisa regresi, dapat diramalkan arus lalu lintas di masa yang akan datang sehingga pengembangan bandar udara dapat diketahui perlu dilakukan atau tidak. Berdasarkan data-data primer yang diperoleh dari bandara seperti data klimatologi, data karakteristik pesawat, data tanah, dan data existing bandara digunakan sebagai acuan merencanakan pengembangan bandar udara.Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan yang mengacu pada standar International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) dengan pesawat terbang rencana Boeing 747-400 maka dibutuhkan panjang landasan (runway) 3.949 meter dan lebar landasan 60 meter.Jarak antara sumbu landasan pacu dan sumbu landasan hubung adalah 185 meter. Lebar total taxiway 38 meter, dan luas apron yang diperlukan 750,5 × 164 = 123.082 m

PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN KONSENTRAT DALAM PAKAN BERBASIS RUMPUT (Panicum maximum) TERHADAP KECERNAAN HEMISELULOSA DAN SELULOSA PADA KAMBING LOKAL

ABSTRACTTHE EFFECT OF CONCENTRATE UTILIZATION IN GUINEA GRASS (Panicum maximum) FEED ON HEMIELLULOSE AND CELLULOSE DIGESTIBILITIES IN LOCAL GOATS. Research was conducted to evaluate the effects of concentrate utilization in guinea grass (Panicum maximum) feed on hemicellulose and cellulose digestibilities in local goats. Twelve male local goats were used in this experiment and raised in 12 unit individual pens. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments and three replications was used. The treatments were R1 = 100 % guinea grass, R2 = 75 % guinea grass + 25 % concentrate, R3 = 50 % guinea grass + 50 % concentrate, R4 = 25 % guinea grass + 75 % concentrate. The results showed that effects on hemicellulose and cellulose digestibilities were significantly different among treatments (P &lt; 0,05). Honestly Significant Difference (HSD) showed that R1 treatment was significantly lower compared to R3 and R4 treatments. There was no different between R1 and R2, and among R2, R3, and R4. It was concluded that concentrate could be utilized up to 75 %, however the best treatment was utilization of 25 % concentrate.Key words: guinea grass, concentrate, digestibility, hemicellulose, cellulose, and local goats

Pusat Rehabilitasi Psikiatri di Manado, Psikologi Arsitektur

Pertumbuhan populasi di Kota Manado,menyebabkan perkembangan kemajuan tidak hanya pada hal positif tapi juga di hal negatif . Trauma, faktor genetik, stigma dan diskriminasi merupakan beberapa faktor penyebab penyakit psikiatri atau yang umum disebut penyakit mental. Menghasilkan bukti bahwa penyakit mental dapat terjadi kepada siapapun, dimanapun, dan pada masyarakat dengan batasan usia yang tidak tentu. Penyakit Psikiatri atau mental dapat menyebabkan gangguan ringan sampai gangguan berat terhadap pola pikir, rasa, tindakan dan cara seseorang memandang situasi dan peristiwa kehidupan maupun karakter orang. Gangguan jiwa bisa berubah menjadi kondisi yang kronis atau parah, tapi bukan berarti tidak dapat ditangani, hanya saja memerlukan bantuan medis intensif dan mencukupi.Demi meningkatkan kualitas hidup bahkan membuat seseorang sembuh dari penyakit jiwa atau mental sangat dibutuhkan Fasilitas yang mencukupi. Tapi mengingat kurangnya Fasilitas yang mendukung pelayanan kesehatan mental di Sulawesi Utara khususnya Manado. Jika dampak positif psikologis dan restoratif arsitektur hanya dilihat oleh psikolog dan arsitek, dan bukan masyarakat umum, maka dampak psikologis dari desain arsitektur yang tidak dipikirkan tidak akan pernah diatasi dan lapangan akan terus kekurangan sumber yang dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien dengan gangguan jiwa. Singkatnya, ini perlu diakui sebagai isu kemasyarakatan yang mendesak dan penting bagi masyarakat itu sendiri

KECERNAAN NDF DAN ADF RANSUM KOMPLIT BERBASIS TEBON JAGUNG PADA SAPI PERANAKAN ONGOLE

THE NDF AND ADF DIGESTIBILITY OF COMPLETE RATION BASED ON KING GRASS AND CORN FORAGE ON ONGOLE CROSSBRED CATTLE. Research has do it to evaluate intake capacity and digestibility of NDF and ADF complete feed based corn forage. Fourteen cows weighing between of one hundred eighty to two hundred and fifty kilogram were used through a biological experiment which arranged in two treatment groups, according to analyzed by T test unequal variance assumed. The treatments consisted of : Ra = 50% concentrate + 50% corn forage, Rb = 50% concentrate + 25% king grass + 25% corn forage. The variables meansured were intake capacity of NDF and ADF and digestibility of NDF and ADF. The results of T test showed that intake capacity of NDF and ADF and digestibility of NDF and ADF Rb significantly affected (P&lt;0.05) significantly than Ra. It is concluded that intake capacity and digestibility of NDF and ADF completed feed based concentrate, corn forage and king grass is better than just based on concentrate and corn forage only. Key words : digestibility, NDF, ADF, completed feed, ongole crossbreed cow