Effects of Lead on Hemopoeitic and Iron Status in Iraqi Workers at Lead Batteries Factory

The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of lead exposure on hemopoetic system (through the index delta-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase ?-ALAD activity & hemoglobin concentration (Hb) ) and on iron status (levels of iron Fe, Ferritin Fr, Total iron binding capacity TIBC, percentage of transferine saturation TF%) in 44 Iraqi worker at lead batteries factory. Workers divided into two groups: smokers(n=21) mean aged (37.33±4.82 year)and non smokers(n=23) mean aged(40.78±7.89 year) and 45 healthy subjects mean aged (33.97±5.08)as control group . Activity of ?-ALAD ratio shows significant decrease (p ? 0.05) ,while Hb and hematocrit Hct were non significant (p ? 0.05) in smoker workers more than non smoker as compared to control . The results show a non significant decrease (p ? 0.05) in the sera levels of iron S.Fe, TS%, Fr in all workers as compared to control , the amount of decreasing for smoker more than non smoker except ferritin levels. A significant increases in the level of TIBC in workers as compared to control, this elevation is more in smoker than non smoker workers. In smoker workers, there was a significant positive correlation between the blood lead levels BLLs and Hb, Hct,TIBC whereas a significant negative correlation was observed between BLLs and S.Fe, TS%. In conclusion, the results of this study reveal the importance of monitoring the level of iron status in smoker peoples who dealing or exposure to lead due to the probability injured with anemia and used ?-ALAD ratio to predict the efficiency of their heme synthesis as a new marker for the diagnosis of early stage of anemia

Le Comportement du Cyberconsommateur dans le Commerce Electronique Transfrontalier

Notre travail de recherche permet de mettre en évidence le rôle de la « Confiance Initiale » dans le comportement du consommateur dans le cadre du commerce électronique transfrontalier. Dans ce cadre, après avoir présenté notre contexte de recherche, nous avons défini nos variables, à savoir la « Confiance Initiale », « l’Intention d’Achat », « l’Intention de Retour » et le « Prix » tout en formulant leurs échelles de mesure. Ensuite, nous avons pu construire un modèle conceptuel en se référant à notre revue de littérature. Puis, nous avons pu collecter 253 observations valides à travers un questionnaire que nous avons envoyé en ligne aux acheteurs ayant effectué au moins une fois un achat sur « Aliexpress ». Ensuite, nous avons testé notre modèle en utilisant la méthode PLS. Finalement, nous avons pu mettre en évidence l’impact significativement positif de la « Confiance Initiale » sur chacune de « l’Intention d’Achat » et « l’Intention de Retour », ainsi que l’impact positif du « Prix » sur « l’Intention d’Achat ». Toutefois, l’effet modérateur du « Risque Perçu » sur la relation entre la « Confiance Initiale » et « l’Intention d’Achat » n’a pas été confirmé empiriquement

Fire Briquette Enterprise / Masro Masag...[et.al]

Nowadays, our country faces with the biomass waste problems left in the agricultural activity either from industrial crop or secondary crop. In conjunction, to solved it, in our effort to minimize the amount of the waste and avoid it from pollute our eco-system, we need to find away to use the biomass as a source of energy or reusable products. Oil palm kernel shell biomass is one of the biomass that produce from the palm oil industry. It is a product that form after the process production of palm oil in the factory. Fire Briquette Enterprise is one of the company that has been established with the purpose to minimize the biomass leftover from the industry then form it into the reusable product as a charcoal and deodorizer. The priority of our company is to produce a product that is environmental friendly that produce less pollution than normal product in the market. Our product formulated with natural ingredients (palm kernel shell). This product can promote a healthy environment, less pollution around us. We had chosen Lot 43, Jalan Teratai, KM5 off Jalan Meru, 41050 Klang, Selangor as our business location because it is a strategic trade area and nearby to the residential area. It will facilitate and easier for consumers and other buyers to purchase our product. Our target market is from food industry (grill industry, traditional dishes),convenience store, outdoor camping shop, art industry (blacksmith, goldsmith, keris maker) and medicine industry (charcoal tablet). We innovate this product in order to fulfill demand from government in effort to reduce environment pollution. The aim of production of the product is to upgrade from the normal charcoal (wood, coconut shell) that already in the market by enhancing the quality and the features. Our company's target is to get profit of market about 10% for first year we enter the market and continue to increase to 10% for year after.In operating this business, our company, Fire Briquette Enterprise, will be managed by board of directors team which is organized by General Manager (GM), Admin Manager (AM),Marketing Manager (MM), Operation Manager (OM) and Financial Manager (FM) and Assistant Financial Manager (AAM) to ensure the business run smoothly and on a right track. The board has their own functions and talents which make them able to work effectively. A lawful agreement had been made between us, in front of the lawyer. The reason for this agreement is to make sure that all the business operation goes according to the schedule towards grasping our company goal