2,730 research outputs found
Factors considered by undergraduate medical students when selecting specialty of their future careers
Introduction: medical students are the source of a country's physicians. Determining how medical students select their areas of specialization isthe key to achieve a balanced distribution of doctors among all specialties. The objective is to identify the number of medical students who havedecided their postgraduate specialty career, their career specialties preference, and factors that may influence their decision to select a particular specialty.Methods: a facility based cross-sectional study was conducted in September 2013 at Faculty of Medicine, University of Medical Sciences and Technology, Khartoum, Sudan. A self-administered semi-structured questionnaire comprising demographic data and questions about future specialties preferences and factors influencing those preferences was distributed to 887 male and female students, (from first to fifth academicyears) recruited in the study.Results: response rate was 73% with 647 questionnaires collected, out of 887 eligible medical students. Of the returned questionnaires, 604 were valid. The majority of students (541, 89.6%) have chosen a specialty. Surgery, medicine, paediatrics and obstetrics and gynecology were the most selected specialties. The least selected specialty was anaesthesiology. A significant association was found between gender and specialty choice using Chi-square test (p=0.00). There was no association between undergraduate level and specialty choice (p=0.633). The most common reason for choosing a specific specialty was "Personal Interest" (215, 39.7 %) followed by being "Helpful to the community" (144, 26.6%). Conclusion: surgery, medicine, paediatrics and obstetrics and gynecology were the most selected specialties
Alternative Mechanisms for Tn5 Transposition
Bacterial transposons are known to move to new genomic sites using either a replicative or a conservative mechanism. The behavior of transposon Tn5 is anomalous. In vitro studies indicate that it uses a conservative mechanism while in vivo results point to a replicative mechanism. To explain this anomaly, a model is presented in which the two mechanisms are not independentâas widely believedâbut could represent alternate outcomes of a common transpositional pathway
NLSP Gluino Search at the Tevatron and early LHC
We investigate the collider phenomenology of gluino-bino co-annihilation
scenario both at the Tevatron and 7 TeV LHC. This scenario can be realized, for
example, in a class of realistic supersymmetric models with non-universal
gaugino masses and t-b-\tau Yukawa unification. The NLSP gluino and LSP bino
should be nearly degenerate in mass, so that the typical gluino search channels
involving leptons or hard jets are not available. Consequently, the gluino can
be lighter than various bounds on its mass from direct searches. We propose a
new search for NLSP gluino involving multi-b final states, arising from the
three-body decay \tilde{g}-> b\bar{b}\tilde{\chi}_1^0. We identify two
realistic models with gluino mass of around 300 GeV for which the three-body
decay is dominant, and show that a 4.5 \sigma observation sensitivity can be
achieved at the Tevatron with an integrated luminosity of 10 fb^{-1}. For the 7
TeV LHC with 50 pb^{-1} of integrated luminosity, the number of signal events
for the two models is O(10), to be compared with negligible SM background
event.Comment: 14 pages, 4 figures and 3 tables, minor modifications made and
accepted for publication in JHE
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Z boson production in Pb+Pb collisions at âSnn = 5.02 TeV measured by the ATLAS experiment
The production yield of Z bosons is measured in the electron and muon decay channels in Pb+Pb collisions at âS = 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector. Data from the 2015 LHC run corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 0.49 nb are used for the analysis. The Z boson yield, normalised by the total number of minimum-bias events and the mean nuclear thickness function, is measured as a function of dilepton rapidity and event centrality. The measurements in Pb+Pb collisions are compared with similar measurements made in proton-proton collisions at the same centre-of-mass energy. The nuclear modification factor is found to be consistent with unity for all centrality intervals. The results are compared with theoretical predictions obtained at next-to-leading order using nucleon and nuclear parton distribution functions. The normalised Z boson yields in Pb+Pb collisions lie 1-3Ï above the predictions. The nuclear modification factor measured as a function of rapidity agrees with unity and is consistent with a next-to-leading-order QCD calculation including the isospin effect. nn -
Search for flavour-changing neutral currents in processes with one top quark and a photon using 81 fbâ1 of pp collisions at s=13TeV with the ATLAS experiment
A search for flavour-changing neutral current (FCNC) events via the coupling of a top quark, a photon, and an up or charm quark is presented using 81 fbâ1 of protonâproton collision data taken at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events with a photon, an electron or muon, a b-tagged jet, and missing transverse momentum are selected. A neural network based on kinematic variables differentiates between events from signal and background processes. The data are consistent with the background-only hypothesis, and limits are set on the strength of the tqÎł coupling in an effective field theory. These are also interpreted as 95% CL upper limits on the cross section for FCNC tÎł production via a left-handed (right-handed) tuÎł coupling of 36 fb (78 fb) and on the branching ratio for tâÎłu of 2.8Ă10â5 (6.1Ă10â5). In addition, they are interpreted as 95% CL upper limits on the cross section for FCNC tÎł production via a left-handed (right-handed) tcÎł coupling of 40 fb (33 fb) and on the branching ratio for tâÎłc of 22Ă10â5 (18Ă10â5)
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Measurement of Azimuthal Anisotropy of Muons from Charm and Bottom Hadrons in pp Collisions at sqrt[s]=13ââTeV with the ATLAS Detector.
The elliptic flow of muons from the decay of charm and bottom hadrons is measured in pp collisions at sqrt[s]=13ââTeV using a data sample with an integrated luminosity of 150ââpb^{-1} recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The muons from heavy-flavor decay are separated from light-hadron decay muons using momentum imbalance between the tracking and muon spectrometers. The heavy-flavor decay muons are further separated into those from charm decay and those from bottom decay using the distance-of-closest-approach to the collision vertex. The measurement is performed for muons in the transverse momentum range 4-7 GeV and pseudorapidity range |η|<2.4. A significant nonzero elliptic anisotropy coefficient v_{2} is observed for muons from charm decays, while the v_{2} value for muons from bottom decays is consistent with zero within uncertainties
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Measurement of W± boson production in Pb+Pb collisions at âsNN=5.02Te with the ATLAS detector
A measurement of W± boson production in Pb+Pb collisions at sNN=5.02Te is reported using data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC in 2015, corresponding to a total integrated luminosity of 0.49nb-1. The W± bosons are reconstructed in the electron or muon leptonic decay channels. Production yields of leptonically decaying W± bosons, normalised by the total number of minimum-bias events and the nuclear thickness function, are measured within a fiducial region defined by the detector acceptance and the main kinematic requirements. These normalised yields are measured separately for W+ and W- bosons, and are presented as a function of the absolute value of pseudorapidity of the charged lepton and of the collision centrality. The lepton charge asymmetry is also measured as a function of the absolute value of lepton pseudorapidity. In addition, nuclear modification factors are calculated using the W± boson production cross-sections measured in pp collisions. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-leading-order calculations with CT14 parton distribution functions as well as with predictions obtained with the EPPS16 and nCTEQ15 nuclear parton distribution functions. No dependence of normalised production yields on centrality and a good agreement with predictions are observed for mid-central and central collisions. For peripheral collisions, the data agree with predictions within 1.7 (0.9) standard deviations for W- (W+) bosons
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Combination of searches for Higgs boson pairs in pp collisions at s=13TeV with the ATLAS detector
This letter presents a combination of searches for Higgs boson pair production using up to 36.1 fbâ1 of protonâproton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy s=13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The combination is performed using six analyses searching for Higgs boson pairs decaying into the bbÂŻbbÂŻ, bbÂŻW+Wâ, bbÂŻÏ+Ïâ, W+WâW+Wâ, bb¯γγ and W+Wâγγ final states. Results are presented for non-resonant and resonant Higgs boson pair production modes. No statistically significant excess in data above the Standard Model predictions is found. The combined observed (expected) limit at 95% confidence level on the non-resonant Higgs boson pair production cross-section is 6.9 (10) times the predicted Standard Model cross-section. Limits are also set on the ratio (Îșλ) of the Higgs boson self-coupling to its Standard Model value. This ratio is constrained at 95% confidence level in observation (expectation) to â5.0<Îșλ<12.0 (â5.8<Îșλ<12.0). In addition, limits are set on the production of narrow scalar resonances and spin-2 KaluzaâKlein RandallâSundrum gravitons. Exclusion regions are also provided in the parameter space of the habemus Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and the Electroweak Singlet Model
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