AROMAS EM MAÇÃS, SUCO E SIDRA: REVISÃO

An approach to apple and to fermented apple beverage aromas is made as a review comprehending the main aromatic compounds found in the fruit and its beverage like apple juice and cider. Due to the importance of the aroma in processed products, the main methodologies used in the evaluation, specially the gas chromatography – olfatometry (CG-O) that correlates instrumental and sensorial measures. It can be observed that in the researches much knowledge has been added in methodologies for evaluation of volatiles compounds in foods and it is possible to describe any compound and to determine its concentration as well as its source (if it comes from the raw material or from the fermentative process). This advance in science related to identification and quantification of the volatiles compounds allows to know the right moment of formation from the more important ones able to create an positive sensorial impact in the consumer.Efetuou-se uma abordagem da maçã e do processamento de bebidas fermentadas, mediante revisão dos principais compostos aromáticos da maçã presentes em produtos derivados como o suco e a sidra. Devido à importância do aroma nos produtos industrializados foram abordadas as principais metodologias utilizadas para sua avaliação, especialmente a cromatografia a gás-olfatométrica (CG-O) que correlaciona medidas sensoriais e instrumentais. Pode ser observado que as pesquisas têm acrescentado conhecimentos nas metodologias para avaliação dos compostos voláteis em alimentos, sendo possível descrever cada componente volátil e determinar sua concentração e sua fonte (se provenientes da fruta ou do processo fermentativo). Esse avanço na ciência em relação à identificação e quantificação dos compostos voláteis possibilita o conhecimento do momento da formação dos compostos voláteis mais importantes que geram impacto sensorial positivo no consumidor

APPLE PULP ENZYME TREATMENT WITH ULTRAZYM®AFP-L AND PANZYM®YIELDMASH

The present study aimed to verify the influence of the enzymatic preparations Ultrazym®AFP-L and Panzym®YieldMASH over the yield and chemical quality of apple juice. The process was optimised according to two parameters: temperature and enzyme concentration in a one hour-long run. The results of physical and chemical analysis were further submitted to multivariate statistical procedure aimed at pattern recognition. The exploratory and classificatory modeling discriminated the samples with 100 % correlation. The results of the experimental factorial design pointed to enzyme concentration as being the main factor that increased the yield. The concomitant observation of data using Principal Component Analisys (PCA) exploratory tools showed the tendency to separate the control samples according to higher content of phenolic compounds, glucose, pH and colour; the Ultrazym® AFP-L samples according to total acidity; and the Panzym®YieldMASH samples according to higher sugar content. It was concluded that the utilization of industrial enzymes in apple processing increases the yield of juice and decreases the amount of pomace

Caracterização por ressonância magnética nuclear de sucos de maçã obtidos por preparações enzimáticas

In this work, ¹H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (¹H NMR) was employed to evaluate changes in apple juice in response to the addition of Panzym® Yieldmash and Ultrazym® AFP-L enzymatic complexes and compare it with premium apple juice. The juice was processed at different temperatures and concentrations of enzymatic complexes. The differences in the results were attributed mainly to the enzyme concentrations, since temperature did not cause any variation. A quantitative analysis indicated that the concentration of fructose increased while the concentrations of sucrose and glucose decreased in response to increasing concentrations of the enzymatic complexes

Effect of mash maceration and ripening stage of apples on phenolic compounds and antioxidant power of cloudy juices: A study using chemometrics

AbstractThe effects of different enzymatic preparations on total phenolic content, phenolic profile (HPLC), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) of cloudy juices from Lis Gala and Fuji Suprema apples varieties, at three ripening stages (unripe, ripe and senescent) were investigated using Principal Component Analysis and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis. The commercial preparations enzymatic (Ultrazym® AFPL; Pectinex® Ultra Clear; Pectinex® SMASH XXL; Panzym® YieldMASH) increased the total phenolic compounds and ferric reducing capacity of the cloudy juice from unripe and ripe Lis Gala (respectively by 67 and 49% for unripe apples, and 28 and 33% for ripe apples) and unripe Fuji Suprema apples (23 and 55%), while for the ripe Fuji Suprema apples only Pectinex® Ultra Clear and Panzym® YieldMASH had this effect. No significant (p > 0.05) was observed on senescent stage, whatever the enzymatic preparation. Enzymatic preparations could increase phenolic compounds concentration and antioxidant capacity of cloudy apple juice, but this effect depended on the maturity of the apples