Multiobjective synchronization of coupled systems

Copyright @ 2011 American Institute of PhysicsSynchronization of coupled chaotic systems has been a subject of great interest and importance, in theory but also various fields of application, such as secure communication and neuroscience. Recently, based on stability theory, synchronization of coupled chaotic systems by designing appropriate coupling has been widely investigated. However, almost all the available results have been focusing on ensuring the synchronization of coupled chaotic systems with as small coupling strengths as possible. In this contribution, we study multiobjective synchronization of coupled chaotic systems by considering two objectives in parallel, i. e., minimizing optimization of coupling strength and convergence speed. The coupling form and coupling strength are optimized by an improved multiobjective evolutionary approach. The constraints on the coupling form are also investigated by formulating the problem into a multiobjective constraint problem. We find that the proposed evolutionary method can outperform conventional adaptive strategy in several respects. The results presented in this paper can be extended into nonlinear time-series analysis, synchronization of complex networks and have various applications

Novel Mode Selection Schemes for Buffer-Aided Cooperative NOMA System

This paper investigates a cooperative non-orthogonal multiple access (C-NOMA) system, where the NOMA and buffer-aided cooperative transmission modes between the users are integrated. Two novel mode selection schemes are proposed, which adaptively select the NOMA and cooperative modes according to different buffer states and communication environments. These two proposed schemes are termed single-core state (SCS) and dual-core state (DCS) schemes since they correspond to single and dual-core buffer states. These core states are carefully chosen, which ensure not only a sufficient amount of available transmission modes or links but also a small number of stored packets at each buffer. The closed-form expressions of the outage probabilities and average delays of the proposed schemes are derived and verified by simulation results. Asymptotic performance analysis is also performed, revealing that both proposed schemes achieve the full diversity within the minimum required buffer size of two. Analytical and simulation results show that the proposed SCS and DCS schemes ensure favourable outage performance and the lowest delay, respectively

Innovation Resilience in Cities

Achieving innovation has been a challenging task, as maintaining its momentum is akin to landing on the moon. What are the key ingredients that innovative cities need to possess to sustain their momentum, especially after experiencing economic setbacks?https://dc.suffolk.edu/ciclseries/1001/thumbnail.jp

Radio Galaxy Zoo: Knowledge Transfer Using Rotationally Invariant Self-Organising Maps

With the advent of large scale surveys the manual analysis and classification of individual radio source morphologies is rendered impossible as existing approaches do not scale. The analysis of complex morphological features in the spatial domain is a particularly important task. Here we discuss the challenges of transferring crowdsourced labels obtained from the Radio Galaxy Zoo project and introduce a proper transfer mechanism via quantile random forest regression. By using parallelized rotation and flipping invariant Kohonen-maps, image cubes of Radio Galaxy Zoo selected galaxies formed from the FIRST radio continuum and WISE infrared all sky surveys are first projected down to a two-dimensional embedding in an unsupervised way. This embedding can be seen as a discretised space of shapes with the coordinates reflecting morphological features as expressed by the automatically derived prototypes. We find that these prototypes have reconstructed physically meaningful processes across two channel images at radio and infrared wavelengths in an unsupervised manner. In the second step, images are compared with those prototypes to create a heat-map, which is the morphological fingerprint of each object and the basis for transferring the user generated labels. These heat-maps have reduced the feature space by a factor of 248 and are able to be used as the basis for subsequent ML methods. Using an ensemble of decision trees we achieve upwards of 85.7% and 80.7% accuracy when predicting the number of components and peaks in an image, respectively, using these heat-maps. We also question the currently used discrete classification schema and introduce a continuous scale that better reflects the uncertainty in transition between two classes, caused by sensitivity and resolution limits

NO EXCESSIVE CRUSTAL GROWTH IN THE CENTRAL ASIAN OROGENIC BELT: FURTHER EVIDENCE FROM FIELD RELATIONSHIPS AND ISOTOPIC DATA

We provide new field observations and isotopic data for key areas of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), reiterating that no excessive crustal growth occurred during its ca. 800 Ma long orogenic evolution. Many Precambrian blocks (microcontinents) identified in the belt are exotic and are most likely derived from the northern margin of Gondwana, including the Tarim craton.We provide new field observations and isotopic data for key areas of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), reiterating that no excessive crustal growth occurred during its ca. 800 Ma long orogenic evolution. Many Precambrian blocks (microcontinents) identified in the belt are exotic and are most likely derived from the northern margin of Gondwana, including the Tarim craton

Universality and Phase Diagram around Half-filled Landau Level

Gated GaAs/AlGaAs heterostructures were used to determine the low-temperature behavior of the two-dimensional electron gas near filling factor nu=1/2 in the disorder-magnetic-field plane. We identify a line on which sigma_{xy} is temperature independent, has value sigma_{xy}=0.5 (e^{2}/h), and a distinct line on which rho_{xy}=2 (h/e^{2}). The phase boundaries between the Hall insulator and the principal quantum Hall liquids at nu=1 and 1/3 show levitation of the delocalized states of the first Landau levels for electrons and composite fermions. Finally, the data suggest that there is no true metallic phase around nu=1/2.Comment: 7 pages (Revtex), 5 figure

Prescription Patterns of Antidementia and Psychotropic Drugs in People Living With Dementia: Findings From the Clinical Pathway Study of Alzheimer's Disease in China

OBJECTIVES: Evidence about prescribing patterns of dementia medication in China is lacking. This study aimed to examine prescribing rates of antidementia and psychotropic drugs and factors associated with drug prescription for dementia in China. DESIGN: A multicenter observational study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: This study employed cross-sectional data from the Clinical Pathway for Alzheimer's Disease in China study that was conducted in 28 memory clinics at tertiary hospitals across 14 provinces between 2012 and 2013. Patients aged ≥45 years with a diagnosis of dementia were included. METHODS: Antidementia and psychotropic drugs were classified according to the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical codes. Odds ratios (ORs) of putative factors associated with prescription patterns were estimated using logistic regressions. RESULTS: A total of 751 respondents were included in this study, 77.8% of whom were prescribed antidementia drugs, and 33.0% were prescribed at least 1 psychotropic drug. The concomitant prescription rate of antidementia and psychotropic drugs was 24.1%. Frontotemporal dementia [OR 9.92 (99.17% CI 3.08-42.70)], severe dementia [4.25 (1.88-9.79)], and apathy [1.94 (1.18-3.20)] were significantly associated with an elevated likelihood of memantine prescription. Psychotic symptoms [1.84 (1.02-3.35)], agitation [1.91 (1.08-3.40)], and depressive symptoms [2.10 (1.12-3.94)] were significantly associated with the coprescription of antidementia and psychotropic agents. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS: The prescribing rate of antidementia drugs in the study sample was higher, whereas the rate of coprescription of psychotropic and antidementia drugs was lower than reported in Western studies. Dementia prescription practice was generally consistent with clinical guidelines in memory clinics in China, whereas the prescription of antidementia and psychotropic medication mainly depended on patients’ clinical symptoms

Resistant, Path Creation, or Resilient? An Empirical Study of 87 Innovative Cities Worldwide

This study proposes rigorous concepts of resilient, resistant, and path-creation behaviors for urban patenting and innovation studies. The study examines the responses of cities with different regional innovation system (RIS) characteristics when facing a crisis. The concepts allowed us to identify resilient cities based on crisis responses and RIS characteristics. Our study identified cities exhibiting resilient behaviors, such as Taipei and San Jose, demonstrating the ability to recover from a crisis in terms of patenting and sustain high levels of performance in localized learning. For cities with resistant behaviors, such as London, we observed that their momentum for patenting decreased, although they were endowed with RIS performance comparable to the resilient cities. Cities such as Shenzhen exhibit path-creation behaviors, demonstrating the ability to transform and achieve performances on par with the resilient cities. Unformed RIS cities demonstrate low patenting activities and have yet to configure a base for technological activities. The concept and formulated quantitative process to distinguish cities performing in patenting lay new ground for studies on urban economic resilience

Nonlinear eigenvalue problem for optimal resonances in optical cavities

The paper is devoted to optimization of resonances in a 1-D open optical cavity. The cavity's structure is represented by its dielectric permittivity function e(s). It is assumed that e(s) takes values in the range 1 <= e_1 <= e(s) <= e_2. The problem is to design, for a given (real) frequency, a cavity having a resonance with the minimal possible decay rate. Restricting ourselves to resonances of a given frequency, we define cavities and resonant modes with locally extremal decay rate, and then study their properties. We show that such locally extremal cavities are 1-D photonic crystals consisting of alternating layers of two materials with extreme allowed dielectric permittivities e_1 and e_2. To find thicknesses of these layers, a nonlinear eigenvalue problem for locally extremal resonant modes is derived. It occurs that coordinates of interface planes between the layers can be expressed via arg-function of corresponding modes. As a result, the question of minimization of the decay rate is reduced to a four-dimensional problem of finding the zeroes of a function of two variables.Comment: 16 page

The impact of cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease on life expectancy and direct medical cost in a 10-year diabetes cohort study

Objective: The relative effects of various cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and varying severity of chronic kidney disease (CKD) on mortality risk, direct medical cost and life expectancy in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate these associations. / Research Design and Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study that included 208,792 adults with diabetes stratified into 12 disease status groups with varying combinations of heart disease, stroke, moderate CKD (eGFR:30-59ml/min/1.73m2) and severe CKD (eGFR: <30ml/min/1.73m2) in 2008-2010. The effect of risk mortality, annual direct medical costs and life expectancy were assessed using Cox regression, Gamma generalized linear with log link function, and flexible parametric survival models. / Results: Over a median follow-up of 8.5 years (1.6 million patient-years), 50,154 deaths were recorded. Mortality risks for patients with only a single condition among heart disease, stroke and moderate CKD were similar. The mortality risks were 1.75 times, 2.63 times and 3.58 times greater for patients with one, two and all three conditions (consisting of stroke, heart disease and moderate CKD), compared with patients without these diseases, suggesting an independent and individually additive effect for any combination. A similar trend was observed in annual public healthcare costs with 2.91, 3.90 and 3.88 fold increased costs for patients with one, two and three conditions, respectively. Increases in the number of conditions reduced life expectancy greatly, particularly in younger patients. Reduction in life expectancy for a 40-year-old with one, two and three conditions were 20, 25, 30 years for men and 25, 30, 35 years for women. A similar trend of greater magnitude was observed for severe CKD. / Conclusion: The effect of heart diseases, stroke, CKD and the combination of these conditions on all-cause mortality and direct medical costs are independent and cumulative. CKD, especially severe CKD, appears to have a particularly significant impact on life expectancy and direct medical costs in patients with diabetes. These finding supports the importance of preventing both CVD and CKD in patients with DM