2,514 research outputs found
Brief of Natural Resources in Opposition to Plaintiff\u27s Opening Briefs, Appendix A
Findings of Fact before the Indian Claims Commissio
Brief of Natural Resources in Opposition to Plaintiff\u27s Opening Briefs, Appendix A
Findings of Fact before the Indian Claims Commissio
Quantifying Robotic Swarm Coverage
In the field of swarm robotics, the design and implementation of spatial
density control laws has received much attention, with less emphasis being
placed on performance evaluation. This work fills that gap by introducing an
error metric that provides a quantitative measure of coverage for use with any
control scheme. The proposed error metric is continuously sensitive to changes
in the swarm distribution, unlike commonly used discretization methods. We
analyze the theoretical and computational properties of the error metric and
propose two benchmarks to which error metric values can be compared. The first
uses the realizable extrema of the error metric to compute the relative error
of an observed swarm distribution. We also show that the error metric extrema
can be used to help choose the swarm size and effective radius of each robot
required to achieve a desired level of coverage. The second benchmark compares
the observed distribution of error metric values to the probability density
function of the error metric when robot positions are randomly sampled from the
target distribution. We demonstrate the utility of this benchmark in assessing
the performance of stochastic control algorithms. We prove that the error
metric obeys a central limit theorem, develop a streamlined method for
performing computations, and place the standard statistical tests used here on
a firm theoretical footing. We provide rigorous theoretical development,
computational methodologies, numerical examples, and MATLAB code for both
benchmarks.Comment: To appear in Springer series Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering
(LNEE). This book contribution is an extension of our ICINCO 2018 conference
paper arXiv:1806.02488. 27 pages, 8 figures, 2 table
Misconceptions about Aerobic and Anaerobic Energy Expenditure
The measurement of gas exchange has played an invaluable role in metabolic interpretation. The uptake of 1 liter of oxygen is often converted into an energy expenditure estimate of 21.1 kilojoules (e.g., 1 L O2 = 21.1 kJ or ~5 kcal). This article demonstrates both the importance of such a conversion and the potential for misinterpretation. Oxygen uptake during heavy and severe exercise will also be discussed
Prescribing practices of primary-care veterinary practitioners in dogs diagnosed with bacterial pyoderma
Concern has been raised regarding the potential contributions of veterinary antimicrobial use to increasing levels of resistance in bacteria critically important to human health. Canine pyoderma is a frequent, often recurrent diagnosis in pet dogs, usually attributable to secondary bacterial infection of the skin. Lesions can range in severity based on the location, total area and depth of tissue affected and antimicrobial therapy is recommended for resolution. This study aimed to describe patient signalment, disease characteristics and treatment prescribed in a large number of UK, primary-care canine pyoderma cases and to estimate pyoderma prevalence in the UK vet-visiting canine population
A case report: A rare case of infant gastrointestinal canthariasis caused by larvae of Lasioderma serricorne (Fabricius, 1792) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae)
The Dominion Range Ice Core, Queen Maud Montains, Antarctica - General Site and Core Characteristics with Implications
The Transantarctic Mountains of East Antarctica provide a new milieu for retrieval of ice-core records. We report here on the initial findings from the first of these records, the Dominion Range ice-core record. Sites such as the Dominion Range are valuable for the recovery of records detailing climate change, volcanic activity, and changes in the chemistry of the atmosphere. The unique geographic location of this site and a relatively low accumulation rate combine to provide a relatively long record of change for this potentially sensitive climatic region. As such, information concerning the site and general core characteristics are presented, including ice surface, ice thickness, bore-hole temperature, mean annual net accumulation, crystal size, crystal fabric, oxygen-isotope composition, and examples of ice chemistry and isotopic composition of trapped gases
Active Methamphetamine Use is Associated with Transmitted Drug Resis-tance to Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors in Individuals with HIV Infection of Unknown Duration
BackgroundFrequent methamphetamine use among recently HIV infected individuals is associated with transmitted drug resistance (TDR) to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI); however, the reversion time of TDR to drug susceptible HIV may exceed 3 years. We assessed whether recreational substance use is associated with detectable TDR among individuals newly diagnosed with HIV infection of unknown duration.DesignCross-sectional analysis.MethodsSubjects were enrolled at the University California, San Diego Early Intervention Program. Demographic, clinical and substance use data were collected using structured interviews. Genotypic resistance testing was performed using GeneSeq, Monogram Biosciences. We analyzed the association between substance use and TDR using bivariate analyses and the corresponding transmission networks using phylogenetic models.ResultsBetween April 2004 and July 2006, 115 individuals with genotype data were enrolled. The prevalence of alcohol, marijuana and methamphetamine use were 98%, 71% and 64% respectively. Only active methamphetamine use in the 30 days prior to HIV diagnosis was independently associated with TDR to NNRTI (OR: 6.6; p=0.002).ConclusionDespite not knowing the duration of their HIV infection, individuals reporting active methamphetamine use in the 30 days prior to HIV diagnosis are at an increased risk of having HIV strains that are resistant to NNRTI
A powerful bursting radio source towards the Galactic Centre
Transient astronomical sources are typically powered by compact objects and
usually signify highly explosive or dynamic events. While radio astronomy has
an impressive record of obtaining high time resolution observations, usually it
is achieved in quite narrow fields-of-view. Consequently, the dynamic radio sky
is poorly sampled, in contrast to the situation in the X- and gamma-ray bands
in which wide-field instruments routinely detect transient sources. Here we
report a new transient source, GCRT J1745-3009, detected in 2002 during a
moderately wide-field radio transient monitoring program of the Galactic center
(GC) region at 0.33 GHz. The characteristics of its bursts are unlike those
known for any other class of radio transient. If located in or near the GC, its
brightness temperature (~10^16 K) and the implied energy density within GCRT
J1745-3009 vastly exceeds that observed in most other classes of radio
astronomical sources, and is consistent with coherent emission processes rarely
observed. We conclude that GCRT J1745-3009 is the first member of a new class
of radio transient sources, the first of possibly many new classes to be
identified through current and upcoming radio surveys.Comment: 16 pages including 3 figures. Appears in Nature, 3 March 200
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