Progress of research on water vapor lidar

Research is described on several aspects of stimulated Raman scattering (SRS) of 532 nm laser light in H2, D2, and CH4. The goals of this work are to develop a more thorough understanding of nonlinear processes involving the Raman effect and four-wave mixing, and to find the best way to generate radiation at several wavelengths simultaneously, for lidar applications. Issues addressed are conversion efficiency, optimization of operating conditions (gas pressure, confocal parameter, etc.) and the distribution of output pulse energy over three Stokes components, the first anti-Stokes component, and the zeroth order (pump) wavelength. The described research and results constitute another step in the development of SRS applications for NASA's atmospheric lidar program

Shock Tube Spectroscopy at Chromospheric Temperatures Research Progress Report, Oct. 1965 - Jul. 1966

Spectroscopic experiments with gas-driven shock tube - technical developments, redundant measurements of plasma state, and atomic line strengths for neutral carbo

Plasma spectroscopy of uranium and tungsten, part 1

Results of research on uranium and tungsten spectra are summarized. Measurements of visible line spectra and opacities were carried out on shock tube plasmas which, prior to shock compression, were mixtures of rare gases and UF6 or WF6. Opacities were compared to theoretical predictions. Feasibility of light source methods other than the shock tube was explored for future applications in the spectroscopy of heavy metals and ions

Multiaxial analyzer detects low-energy electrons

Three curved plate energy analyzers coupled with three electron multiplier tubes detect and measure low energy electron flux in several directions simultaneously

The Tenth District's defining industries: how are they changing?

The economy of the Tenth Federal Reserve District has become increasingly more services-based in recent years. While this transformation has lessened many of the historical differences with the rest of the nation, the regional economy still remains distinct, especially in some states. Wyoming, for instance, still has the most unique industrial structure in the country. And Nebraska, New Mexico, and Oklahoma still rank among the top third of states with economies that differ from the rest of the nation. ; What industries make the Tenth District so different, and what can they tell us about the future of the regional economy? ; Wilkerson and Williams examine the “defining” industries of the region. They find that the performance of a relatively small group of these industries track closely with overall job growth in each state. In other words, states whose defining industries have prospered in recent years have grown quickly overall, while states whose defining industries have struggled have grown sluggishly. Thus, identifying a state’s defining industries and understanding how they are changing can provide vital context for policymakers seeking to improve prospects for growth—as well as help identify the types of economic shocks that might threaten the region in the future.Federal Reserve District, 10th

The export potential of Tenth District states

After collapsing during the financial and economic crisis, exports have grown rapidly in the nation and across much of the Tenth Federal Reserve District. Despite some risks, most economic forecasts for national exports point to continued robust growth. An export boom, however, could have disparate effects across the country, given sizable differences in the volume, composition, and trends of state exports. ; Wilkerson and Williams assess the export potential of the Tenth District. They find that future export growth in the district is likely to be strong, although most states are likely to benefit less from the expected boom than the nation as a whole. Most states in the district have smaller export sectors than the nation and slightly less favorable export industry mixes. There are exceptions, though, and most district states have an adequate mix of trading partners. And, as in the past, other factors will play a role in the district’s export potential.

The national defense boost in rural America

Rural areas ; Rural development ; Defense contracts

Booms and busts in household wealth: implications for Tenth District states

The U.S. stock market and housing market--the two largest sources of U.S. household wealth--have had sizable booms and busts in recent years. This volatility has influenced national consumption trends and had important consequences for states. Some states have become relatively wealthier, affecting both the short- and long-term consumption spending potential of their residents. ; Understanding how wealth changes affect state economies could be especially important in 2011 and 2012 given the recent resumption of home price declines in much of the country. Research has shown that consumption can be more sensitive to changes in housing wealth than other types of wealth. While the home price collapse in 2007-09 hurt the Tenth District less than the nation, home price fundamentals in several District states may be more similar to the nation over the next couple of years. ; Wilkerson and Williams examine recent changes in household wealth in Tenth District states and explore how the region is positioned heading forward.

Minorities in the Tenth District: are they ready for the jobs of the future?

Employment ; Minorities - Employment ; Federal Reserve District, 10th

Strength, Width, and Pressure Shift Measurements of 54 Lines in the Oxygen A-Band

The absorption band of molecular oxygen, centered at 760]en1] nm, is the atmospheric absorber for the Differential Absorption Lidar (DIAL) systems used to measure atmospheric temperature, pressure, and density. To provide accurate line parameters for such systems, a careful spectroscopic study was made of the A-band, with measurements of line strengths, widths, pressure-induced frequency shifts, and collisional narrowing effects. The width and shift parameters were measured over a temperature range of -20 to 100 C so that the temperature dependence of these parameters can also be determined. To analyze the results, a least-squares fiting routine was written to fit standard line profiles to the observed profiles. These measurements, which include the first observations of pressure shifts and collisional narrowing in the band, are an important contribution to lidar system utilizing the A-band