Molecular characterization of genetic variation in somaclones of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf) using SSR markers

This study is a continuation of a previous work; the main objective is to characterize the induced somaclonal variation in the first generation of durum wheat plants. In a previous experiment, in vitro plants of three genotypes of durum wheat were obtained following treatment with PEG6000 (0%, 10% and 20%). First generation offspring was produced. Five microsatellite markers were used for genotyping 26 durum wheat somaclones obtained under stressful and non-stressful conditions from 3 durum wheat cultivars. Amplifiable and reproducible alleles were obtained in three of the tested loci. These loci provided in total 78 monomorphic alleles of which 69 were detected in somaclones while the remaining 9 in the mother plants. High values of among-population genetic diversity were found, which accounted for 71 % of the total genetic variation. The number of alleles per locus varied from three to six. Estimated genetic distances varied from 0.83 to 1.67 between populations. The somaclonal variation was identified with 2 SSR markers. Five new alleles were identified in somaclonal variants DKR1-S1, DKR1-S2, OZR1-S2, WR1-C3 and WR1-S1at loci gmw131 and gwm427. Genetic variation rate was 21.74%. Eighty % of the genetic variation was identified in plants obtained from callus undergoing high osmotic pressure. The presence of selective agent in the medium could explain the observed genetic variations. Somaclonal variation cannot always be detected at the gross morphological level. The selected SSR markers could be used to study the uniformity of plants obtained from tissue culture and varietal identification

Myopia in premature babies, a factor of dissimilarity in the refraction of monozygotic twins

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Corepraxis by photocoagulation

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Corepraxis by photocoagulation

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Construction of 12 EST libraries and characterization of a 12,226 EST dataset for chicory (Cichorium intybus) root, leaves and nodules in the context of carbohydrate metabolism investigation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>The industrial chicory, <it>Cichorium intybus</it>, is a member of the <it>Asteraceae </it>family that accumulates fructan of the inulin type in its root. Inulin is a low calories sweetener, a texture agent and a health promoting ingredient due to its prebiotic properties. Average inulin chain length is a critical parameter that is genotype and temperature dependent. In the context of the study of carbohydrate metabolism and to get insight into the transcriptome of chicory root and to visualize temporal changes of gene expression during the growing season, we obtained and characterized 10 cDNA libraries from chicory roots regularly sampled in field during a growing season. A leaf and a nodule libraries were also obtained for comparison.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Approximately 1,000 Expressed Sequence Tags (EST) were obtained from each of twelve cDNA libraries resulting in a 12,226 EST dataset. Clustering of these ESTs returned 1,922 contigs and 4,869 singlets for a total of 6,791 putative unigenes. All ESTs were compared to public sequence databases and functionally classified. Data were specifically searched for sequences related to carbohydrate metabolism. Season wide evolution of functional classes was evaluated by comparing libraries at the level of functional categories and unigenes distribution.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This chicory EST dataset provides a season wide outlook of the genes expressed in the root and to a minor extent in leaves and nodules. The dataset contains more than 200 sequences related to carbohydrate metabolism and 3,500 new ESTs when compared to other recently released chicory EST datasets, probably because of the season wide coverage of the root samples. We believe that these sequences will contribute to accelerate research and breeding of the industrial chicory as well as of closely related species.</p

Treatment of iris hernias by photocoagulation

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Formations et industries du Futur

L’industrie évolue, les métiers de l’industrie aussi. L’industrie évolue vers l’industrie du futur. Les compétences attendues des techniciens et des ingénieurs doivent donc évoluer ver la capacité : - A imaginer, concevoir, produire, maintenir et recycler les objets et les systèmes dans un environnement numérique - A prévoir par la simulation et les essais le comportement de systèmes pluri-technologiques de plus en plus complexes. - Et à en valider la pertinence et la durabilité dans un environnement de développement durable. Pour réaliser ces activités, les techniciens et les ingénieurs auront besoin de disposer d’une base de connaissances pluridisciplinaires, scientifiques et technologiques solide, actualisée et opérationnelle. Ils devront également avoir la capacité à contribuer avec une réelle maîtrise du réel à la réussite d’un produit commercialisable dans une équipe pluridisciplinaire et pluritechnologique. De plus les ingénieurs devront innover et animer des équipes. Dans cette perspective, cette session a pour objet de faire le point sur la prise en compte dans les formations de l’évolution des compétences attendues aujourd’hui et demain. Elle s’articulera autour de trois interventions industrielles et académiques et une table ronde ouverte à des échanges avec la salle réunissant des industriels, des responsables de formation et des formateurs. Les thèmes en seront : - Les besoins de l’industrie de demain - La formation en sections de techniciens supérieurs - La formation en IUT et en Licence - La formation en master et en école d’ingénieurf