110,355 research outputs found
The Unity Mural: Bridging Communities through Artmaking
A visual essay of a community based art education mural between two universities and a local community, following a tragic hate crime
Limited Attention and Discourse Structure
This squib examines the role of limited attention in a theory of discourse
structure and proposes a model of attentional state that relates current
hierarchical theories of discourse structure to empirical evidence about human
discourse processing capabilities. First, I present examples that are not
predicted by Grosz and Sidner's stack model of attentional state. Then I
consider an alternative model of attentional state, the cache model, which
accounts for the examples, and which makes particular processing predictions.
Finally I suggest a number of ways that future research could distinguish the
predictions of the cache model and the stack model.Comment: 9 pages, uses twoside,cl,lingmacro
Centering, Anaphora Resolution, and Discourse Structure
Centering was formulated as a model of the relationship between attentional
state, the form of referring expressions, and the coherence of an utterance
within a discourse segment (Grosz, Joshi and Weinstein, 1986; Grosz, Joshi and
Weinstein, 1995). In this chapter, I argue that the restriction of centering to
operating within a discourse segment should be abandoned in order to integrate
centering with a model of global discourse structure. The within-segment
restriction causes three problems. The first problem is that centers are often
continued over discourse segment boundaries with pronominal referring
expressions whose form is identical to those that occur within a discourse
segment. The second problem is that recent work has shown that listeners
perceive segment boundaries at various levels of granularity. If centering
models a universal processing phenomenon, it is implausible that each listener
is using a different centering algorithm.The third issue is that even for
utterances within a discourse segment, there are strong contrasts between
utterances whose adjacent utterance within a segment is hierarchically recent
and those whose adjacent utterance within a segment is linearly recent. This
chapter argues that these problems can be eliminated by replacing Grosz and
Sidner's stack model of attentional state with an alternate model, the cache
model. I show how the cache model is easily integrated with the centering
algorithm, and provide several types of data from naturally occurring
discourses that support the proposed integrated model. Future work should
provide additional support for these claims with an examination of a larger
corpus of naturally occurring discourses.Comment: 35 pages, uses elsart12, lingmacros, named, psfi
Successful Guided Reading for Third Graders in a Diverse and Academically Challenged Classroom
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