Active multilayer mirrors for reflectance tuning at extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wavelengths

We propose an active multilayer mirror structure for EUV wavelengths which can be adjusted to compensate for reflectance changes. The multilayer structure tunes the reflectance via an integrated piezoelectric layer that can change its dimension due to an externally applied voltage. Here, we present design and optimization of the mirror structure for maximum reflectance tuning. In addition, we present preliminary results showing that the deposition of piezoelectric thin films with the requisite layer smoothness and crystal structure are possible. Finally, polarization switching of the smoothest piezoelectric film is presented

Chiral radiative corrections and D_s(2317)/D(2308) mass puzzle

We show that one loop chiral corrections for heavy-light mesons in potential model can explain the small mass of D_s(2317) as well as the small mass gap between D_s(2317) and D(2308).Comment: To appear in EPJC. A figure and references addede

Detection and isolation of chikungunya virus from field collected Aedes albopictus skuse in selected sites, Peninsular Malaysia

Chikungunya fever, an Aedes borne viral disease, is becoming a serious public health concern today since the first reported outbreak in Port Klang in 1998/99. Recently, more outbreaks were reported in Malaysia. Entomological investigations were conducted in Chikungunya virus cases localities in Peninsular Malaysia which cover Johor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Perak, Pahang and Selangor state in order to identify the vector responsible for transmitting the Chikungunya virus. The adult mosquitoes were collected using modified aspirator and sweep net methods, whereas water holding containers were inspected for larvae. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used as the detection of the virus. Positive samples were inoculated on the cell to isolate the virus. The most common species collected at the localities was Aedes albopictus followed by Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti and Armigeres sp. Five pools (n=78) of female, adult Aedes albopictus collected from Tangkak, Johor were positive for the Chikungunya virus as detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Three isolates were obtained and grouped with Central/East African genotype. The presence of Chikungunya virus in wild Aedes albopictus indicated that this mosquito is the most likely vector responsible for the transmission of virus to humans in Johor during the outbreak

Subsidence and carbon loss in drained tropical peatlands

Biogeosciences931053-107

Verontreiniging rode aal Nederlandse binnenwateren : monitoring voor sportvisserij 2004-2008

Rode aal, ook bekend als Europese paling (Anguilla anguilla) werd gebruikt als bioindicator binnen het monitoringsprogramma 'verontreiniging in vis uit de Nederlandse binnenwateren'. In de afgelopen 5 jaar zijn 65 mengmonsters rode aal met een lengte van 30-40 cm onderzocht op de aanwezigheid van dioxines en dioxineachtige PCB's. Deze alen zijn afkomstig van 38 locaties uit de nederlandse binnenwateren. In 54% van de onderzochte alen zijn normoverschrijdende gehaltes dioxines en / of dioxine-achtige PCB's aangetoond. Aal uit de Roer, Dordsche Biesbosch, Amer, Hollands Diep en verschillende locaties in de grote rivieren is sterk vervuild. In 2007 werd specifiek gekeken naar 40 individuele schieralen gevangen in het Haringvliet. In dit stadium trekt deze relatief oude aal naar zee om zich voort te planten in de Sagossozee

Image colourisation for compression using GPU hardware

Abstract: There is a growing demand for high definition (HD) graphics with multimedia content. This demand requires significantly more computational power than before. The increased demand in video content will continue to grow, resulting in vast volumes of data continuously shifted across networks and the internet..

Pulse propagation along optical fibres

Mode-locked helium-neon lasers have been used to propagate pulses of ~1 ns duration along multimode cladded glass fibres. Any pulse spreading due to dispersion in a 33 m length of fibre is less than 0.5 ns which is the limit of resolution of the measuring equipment. This result indicates that a pulse transmission rate of at least 33 MHz may be possible over a distance of 1 km