CP-Violating Asymmetries in Charmless Non-Leptonic Decays B→PP,PV,VVB \to PP, PV, VV in the Factorization Approach

We present estimates of the direct (in decay amplitudes) and indirect (mixing- induced) CP-violating asymmetries in the non-leptonic charmless two-body decay rates for $B \to PP$, $B \to PV$ and $B \to VV$ decays and their charged conjugates, where P(V) is a light pseudoscalar (vector) meson. These estimates are based on a generalized factorization approach making use of next-to-leading order perturbative QCD contributions which generate the required strong phases. No soft final state interactions are included. We study the dependence of the asymmetries on a number of input parameters and show that there are at least two (possibly three) classes of decays in which the asymmetries are parametrically stable in this approach. The decay modes of particular interest are: \optbar{B^0} \to \pi^+ \pi^-, \optbar{B^0} \to K_S^0 \pi^0, \optbar{B^0} \to K_S^0 \eta^\prime, \optbar{B^0} \to K_S^0 \eta and \optbar{B^0} \to \rho^+ \rho^-. Likewise, the CP-violating asymmetry in the decays \optbar{B^0} \to K_S^0 h^0 with $h^0=\pi^0,K_S^0, \eta,\eta^\prime$ is found to be parametrically stable and large. Measurements of these asymmetries will lead to a determination of the phases $\sin 2\alpha$ and $\sin 2 \beta$ and we work out the relationships in these modes in the present theoretical framework. We also show the extent of the so-called "penguin pollution" in the rate asymmetry $A_{CP}(\pi^+ \pi^-)$ and of the "tree shadow" in the asymmetry $A_{CP}(K_S^0\eta^\prime)$ which will effect the determination of $\sin 2 \alpha$ and $\sin 2 \beta$ from the respective measurements. CP-violating asymmetries in $B^\pm \to \pi^\pm \eta^\prime$, $B^\pm \to K^{*\pm} \eta$, $B^\pm \to K^{*\pm} \eta^\prime$ and $B^\pm \to K^{*\pm}\rho^0$ are potentially interesting and are studied here.Comment: 42 pages (LaTex) including 19 figures, requires epsfig.sty; submitted to Phys. Rev.

Progress and status of APEmille

We report on the progress and status of the APEmille project: a SIMD parallel computer with a peak performance in the TeraFlops range which is now in an advanced development phase. We discuss the hardware and software architecture, and present some performance estimates for Lattice Gauge Theory (LGT) applications.Comment: Talk presented at LATTICE97, 3 pages, Late

Field Transformations and the Classical Equation of Motion in Chiral Perturbation Theory

The construction of effective Lagrangians commonly involves the application of the `classical equation of motion' to eliminate redundant structures and thus generate the minimal number of independent terms. We investigate this procedure in the framework of chiral perturbation theory. The use of the 'classical equation of motion' is interpreted in terms of field transformations. Such an interpretation is crucial if one wants to bring a given Lagrangian into a canonical form with a minimal number of terms. We emphasize that the application of field transformations not only eliminates structures, or, what is equivalent, expresses certain structures in terms of already known different structures, but also leads to a modification of coefficients of higher--order terms. This will become relevant, once one considers effective interaction terms beyond next--to--leading order, i.e., beyond $O(p^4)$.Comment: TRIUMF preprint TRI-PP-94-64, 10 pages in LaTex using RevTex macr

Effective Lagrangians with Higher Order Derivatives

The problems that are connected with Lagrangians which depend on higher order derivatives (namely additional degrees of freedom, unbound energy from below, etc.) are absent if effective Lagrangians are considered because the equations of motion may be used to eliminate all higher order time derivatives from the effective interaction term. The application of the equations of motion can be realized by performing field transformations that involve derivatives of the fields. Using the Hamiltonian formalism for higher order Lagrangians (Ostrogradsky formalism), Lagrangians that are related by such transformations are shown to be physically equivalent (at the classical and at the quantum level). The equivalence of Hamiltonian and Lagrangian path integral quantization (Matthews's theorem) is proven for effective higher order Lagrangians. Effective interactions of massive vector fields involving higher order derivatives are examined within gauge noninvariant models as well as within (linearly or nonlinearly realized) spontaneously broken gauge theories. The Stueckelberg formalism, which relates gauge noninvariant to gauge invariant Lagrangians, becomes reformulated within the Ostrogradsky formalism.Comment: 17 pages LaTeX, BI-TP 93/2

HQET at order 1/m1/m: II. Spectroscopy in the quenched approximation

Using Heavy Quark Effective Theory with non-perturbatively determined parameters in a quenched lattice calculation, we evaluate the splittings between the ground state and the first two radially excited states of the $B_s$ system at static order. We also determine the splitting between first excited and ground state, and between the $B_s^*$ and $B_s$ ground states to order $1/m_b$. The Generalized Eigenvalue Problem and the use of all-to-all propagators are important ingredients of our approach.Comment: (1+18) pages, 3 figures (4 pdf files); pdflatex; v2: corrections to table 1, results unaffecte

Neutrino Oscillations in Supersymmetry without Lepton number conservation and R-parity

With the on-shell renormalization scheme, we discuss neutrino masses up to one-loop approximation in the Supersymmetry without lepton number conservation and R-parity. Ii is shown that in this model with experimentally allowed parameters, $\Delta m^2_{23}, \Delta m^2_{12}$ and the mixing angles $|\sin\theta{23}|,|\sin\theta_{12}|$ which are consistent with the present observation values can be produced. We find that small neutrino mass ($\leq$ 1 eV) sets a loose constraint on the R-parity violation parameters in the soft breaking terms.Comment: 22 pages, plus one ps figure, accepted for publication in PR

Direct CP Violation in Hadronic B Decays

There are different approaches for the hadronic B decay calculations, recently. In this paper, we upgrade three of them, namely factorization, QCD factorization and the perturbative QCD approach based on $k_T$ factorization, by using new parameters and full wave functions. Although they get similar results for many of the branching ratios, the direct CP asymmetries predicted by them are different, which can be tested by recent experimental measurements of B factories.Comment: 11 pages, 3 figures, revtex4, Talk given at the Workshop on the Frontiers of Theoretical Physics and Cross-Disciplinary, NSFC, Beijing, March 200

CP Violation and Strong Phases from Penguins in B±→PP\bf B^{\pm}\rightarrow PP and B±→VP\bf B^{\pm}\rightarrow VP Decays

We calculate direct CP-violating rate asymmetries in charged $B\to PP$ and $B\to VP$ decays arising from the interference of amplitudes with different strong and CKM phases. The perturbative strong phases develop at order $\alpha_s$ from absorptive parts of one-loop matrix elements of the next-to-leading logarithm corrected effective Hamiltonian. CPT constraints are maintained. Based on this model, we find that partial rate asymmetries between charge conjugate $B^{\pm}$ decays can be as high as 20\% for certain channels with branching ratios in the $10^{-6}$ range. Because the $c\bar{c}$ threshold lies so close to the physical momentum scale, the asymmetries depend sensitively on the model assumptions used to evaluate the imaginary parts of the matrix elements, in particular, on the internal momentum transfer. The charge asymmetries of partial rates would provide unambiguous evidence for direct CP violation.Comment: 19 pages, 4 figures (3 available as uuencoded ps-files), LaTeX, preprint DESY 94-17