39,370 research outputs found
Physics at e-e- Colliders
An overview of the physics motivations for e-e- colliders is presented.Comment: 10 pages. Opening lecture of the 3nd International Workshop on
Electron-Electron Interactions at TeV Energies (e-e-99), University of
California, Santa Cruz, 10-12 December 199
Local cloning of two product states
Local quantum operations and classical communication (LOCC) put considerable
constraints on many quantum information processing tasks such as cloning and
discrimination. Surprisingly however, discrimination of any two pure states
survives such constraints in some sense. In this paper, we show that cloning is
not that lucky; namely, conclusive LOCC cloning of two product states is
strictly less efficient than global cloning.Comment: Totally rewritten with improved result
Synthetic Engineering of Graphene Nanoribbons with Excellent Liquid-Phase Processability
Allocating Nutrient Load Reduction across a Watershed: Implications of Different Principles
A watershed based model, the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), along with transfer coefficients is used to assess alternative principles of allocating nutrient load reduction in the Raccoon River watershed in central Iowa. Four principles are examined for their cost-effectiveness and impacts on water quality: absolute equity, equity based on ability, critical area targeting, and geographic proximity. Based on SWAT simulation results, transfer coefficients are calculated for the effects of nitrogen application reduction. We find both critical area targeting and downstream focus (an example of geographic proximity) can be more expensive than equal allocation, a manifestation of absolute equity. Unless abatement costs are quite heterogeneous across the subwatersheds, the least-cost allocation (an application of the principle of equity based on ability) have a potential of cost savings of about 10% compared to equal allocation. We also find that the gap between nitrogen loading estimated from transfer coefficients and nitrogen loading predicted by SWAT simulation is small (in general less than 5%). This suggests that transfer coefficients can be a useful tool for watershed nutrient planning. Sensitivity analyses suggest that these results are robust with respect to different degrees of nitrogen reduction and how much other conservation practices are used.Environmental Economics and Policy,
A convergent and constraint-preserving finite element method for the p-harmonic flow into spheres
Published versio
Building stock dynamics and its impacts on materials and energy demand in China
China hosts a large amount of building stocks, which is nearly 50 billion square meters. Moreover, annual new construction is growing fast, representing half of the world's total. The trend is expected to continue through the year 2050. Impressive demand for new residential and commercial construction, relative shorter average building lifetime, and higher material intensities have driven massive domestic production of energy intensive building materials such as cement and steel. This paper developed a bottom-up building stock turnover model to project the growths, retrofits and retirements of China's residential and commercial building floor space from 2010 to 2050. It also applied typical material intensities and energy intensities to estimate building materials demand and energy consumed to produce these building materials. By conducting scenario analyses of building lifetime, it identified significant potentials of building materials and energy demand conservation. This study underscored the importance of addressing building material efficiency, improving building lifetime and quality, and promoting compact urban development to reduce energy and environment consequences in China
The effects of Zn Impurity on the Properties of Doped Cuprates in the Normal State
We study the interplay of quantum impurity, and collective spinon and holon
dynamics in Zn doped high-T cuprates in the normal state. The
two-dimensional t-t-J models with one and a small amount of Zn
impurity are investigated within a numerical method based on the double-time
Green function theory. We study the inhomogeneities of holon density and
antiferromagnetic correlation background in cases with different Zn
concentrations, and obtain that doped holes tend to assemble around the Zn
impurity with their mobility being reduced. Therefore a bound state of holon is
formed around the nonmagnetic Zn impurity with the effect helping Zn to
introduce local antiferromagnetism around itself. The incommensurate peaks we
obtained in the spin structure factor indicate that Zn impurities have effects
on mixing the q=(, ) and q=0 components in spin excitations.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure
- …