1,912 research outputs found
Reply to Comment on "Exact analytic solution for the generalized Lyapunov exponent of the 2-dimensional Anderson localization"
We reply to comments by P.Marko, L.Schweitzer and M.Weyrauch
[preceding paper] on our recent paper [J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 63, 13777
(2002)]. We demonstrate that our quite different viewpoints stem for the
different physical assumptions made prior to the choice of the mathematical
formalism. The authors of the Comment expect \emph{a priori} to see a single
thermodynamic phase while our approach is capable of detecting co-existence of
distinct pure phases. The limitations of the transfer matrix techniques for the
multi-dimensional Anderson localization problem are discussed.Comment: 4 pages, accepted for publication in J.Phys.: Condens. Mat
ΠΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ²Π° ΡΠ΅Ρ Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈΠ·Π³ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ Π°ΡΠΈΠ½Ρ ΡΠΎΠ½Π½ΡΡ Π΄Π²ΠΈΠ³Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ
ΠΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ Π΅ΠΌΡ ΡΠ°ΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΡ ΡΠΊΠ²Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ½ Π΄Π»Ρ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈΠ· ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΡΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π»Π°
The dynamical behaviour of the laser beam fusion cutting process of metals is investigated. Integral methods such as the variational formulation are applied to the partial differential equations for the free boundary problem and a finite dimensional approximation of the dynamical system is obtained. The model describes the shape of the evolving cutting kerf and the melt flow. The analysis is aimed at revealing the characteristic features of the resultant cut, for example, ripple formation and adherent dross. The formation of the ripples in the upper part of the put, where no resolidified material is detectable, is discussed in detail. A comparison with numerical simulations and experiments is made
Intrasubject multimodal groupwise registration with the conditional template entropy
Image registration is an important task in medical image analysis. Whereas most methods are designed for the registration of two images (pairwise registration), there is an increasing interest in simultaneously aligning more than two images using groupwise registration. Multimodal registration in a groupwise setting remains difficult, due to the lack of generally applicable similarity metrics. In this work, a novel similarity metric for such groupwise registration problems is proposed. The metric calculates the sum of the conditional entropy between each image in the group and a representative template image constructed iteratively using principal component analysis. The proposed metric is validated in extensive experiments on synthetic and intrasubject clinical image data. These experiments showed equivalent or improved registration accuracy compared to other state-of-the-art (dis)similarity metrics and improved transformation consistency compared to pairwise mutual information
Learning unbiased group-wise registration (LUGR) and joint segmentation: evaluation on longitudinal diffusion MRI
Analysis of longitudinal changes in imaging studies often involves both
segmentation of structures of interest and registration of multiple timeframes.
The accuracy of such analysis could benefit from a tailored framework that
jointly optimizes both tasks to fully exploit the information available in the
longitudinal data. Most learning-based registration algorithms, including joint
optimization approaches, currently suffer from bias due to selection of a fixed
reference frame and only support pairwise transformations. We here propose an
analytical framework based on an unbiased learning strategy for group-wise
registration that simultaneously registers images to the mean space of a group
to obtain consistent segmentations. We evaluate the proposed method on
longitudinal analysis of a white matter tract in a brain MRI dataset with 2-3
time-points for 3249 individuals, i.e., 8045 images in total. The
reproducibility of the method is evaluated on test-retest data from 97
individuals. The results confirm that the implicit reference image is an
average of the input image. In addition, the proposed framework leads to
consistent segmentations and significantly lower processing bias than that of a
pair-wise fixed-reference approach. This processing bias is even smaller than
those obtained when translating segmentations by only one voxel, which can be
attributed to subtle numerical instabilities and interpolation. Therefore, we
postulate that the proposed mean-space learning strategy could be widely
applied to learning-based registration tasks. In addition, this group-wise
framework introduces a novel way for learning-based longitudinal studies by
direct construction of an unbiased within-subject template and allowing
reliable and efficient analysis of spatio-temporal imaging biomarkers.Comment: SPIE Medical Imaging 2021 (oral
Potential impact of global climate change on malaria risk.
The biological activity and geographic distribution of the malarial parasite and its vector are sensitive to climatic influences, especially temperature and precipitation. We have incorporated General Circulation Model-based scenarios of anthropogenic global climate change in an integrated linked-system model for predicting changes in malaria epidemic potential in the next century. The concept of the disability-adjusted life years is included to arrive at a single measure of the effect of anthropogenic climate change on the health impact of malaria. Assessment of the potential impact of global climate change on the incidence of malaria suggests a widespread increase of risk due to expansion of the areas suitable for malaria transmission. This predicted increase is most pronounced at the borders of endemic malaria areas and at higher altitudes within malarial areas. The incidence of infection is sensitive to climate changes in areas of Southeast Asia, South America, and parts of Africa where the disease is less endemic; in these regions the numbers of years of healthy life lost may increase significantly. However, the simulated changes in malaria risk must be interpreted on the basis of local environmental conditions, the effects of socioeconomic developments, and malaria control programs or capabilities
Processing and Transmission of Information
Contains research objectives and reports on three research projects.National Science Foundation (Grant G-16526)National Institutes of Health (Grant MH-04737-03)National Aeronautics and Space Administration (Grant NsG-496)Lincoln Laboratory, Purchase Order DDL BB-107U.S. Air Force under Contract AF 19(628)-50
Social health is associated with tract-specific brain white matter microstructure in community-dwelling older adults
Background Poor social health has been linked to a risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Neuroimaging studies have shown associations between social health and global white matter microstructural integrity. We aimed to identify which white matter tracts are involved in these associations. Methods Social health markers (loneliness, perceived social support, and partnership status) and white matter microstructural integrity of 15 white matter tracts (identified with probabilistic tractography after diffusion magnetic resonance imaging) were collected for 3352 participants (mean age 58.4 years, 54.9% female) from 2002 to 2008 in the Rotterdam Study. Cross-sectional associations were studied using multivariable linear regression. Results Loneliness was associated with higher mean diffusivity (MD) in the superior thalamic radiation and the parahippocampal part of the cingulum (standardized mean difference for both tracts: 0.21, 95% CI, 0.09 to 0.34). Better perceived social support was associated with lower MD in the forceps minor (standardized mean difference per point increase in social support:Β β0.06, 95% CI,Β β0.09 toΒ β0.03), inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus. In male participants, better perceived social support was associated with lower MD in the forceps minor, and not having a partner was associated with lower fractional anisotropy in the forceps minor. Loneliness was associated with higher MD in the superior thalamic radiation in female participants only. Conclusions Social health was associated with tract-specific white matter microstructure. Loneliness was associated with lower integrity of limbic and sensorimotor tracts, whereas better perceived social support was associated with higher integrity of association and commissural tracts, indicating that social health domains involve distinct neural pathways of the brain
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