Support data for NASA Convair 990 meteorological flight 3, 5 June - 21 June 1968

Support documentation for NASA Convair 990 meteorological flight number

Financing North Dakota's Agriculture

Agricultural Finance,

Mathematical models for radiation transfer

A radiation transfer model was modified to include semitransparent and opaque layers as well as molecular constituents. An example of the use of the program and an analysis of the mathematical model are included

The Impact of Nitrification on Soil Acidification and Cation Leaching in a Red Alder Ecosystem

The objectives of this study were to investigate the impacts of internal nitrification on soil and soil solution acidity and on the rate of nutrient export through NO3– mediated leaching. This was achieved by comparing soil chemical properties and soil solution composition within a naturally N-rich red alder (Alnus rubra Bong.) ecosystem to those of an adjacent Douglas-fir [Pseudotsuga menziesil (Mirbel) Franco] forest where soil N levels were significantly lower and no measurable HNO3 production could be observed. In the red alder system, where \u3e 100 kg ha–1 yr–1 of N were added through symbiotic N2 fixation, the net annual NO3– leaching past the 40-cm soil depth amounted to 3460 mol charges ha–1, and NO3– concentrations in the solutions collected below 40 cm periodically exceeded drinking water standards of 10 mg L–1. The H+ and NO3– release was most pronounced in the forest floor and top 10 cm of the soil under alder occupancy and caused significant acidification of percolating solutions. Less than 1% of the total H+ input from internal (nitrification) and external (atmospheric) sources leached below the 40-cm depth, which was indicative for the strong buffering capacity of this particular soil. The cation displacement reactions involved in this pH buffering caused a 15% decline in base saturation and a significant acidification of the upper part of the soil profile. The presence of large amounts of mobile NO3– in solution triggered accelerated cation leaching, causing a selective redistribution of primarily exchangeable Ca2+ from the A to the B horizon. These field studies lead us to conclude that the rate and the selectivity of NO3– mediated leaching in a red alder system could significantly lower the exchangeable cation pool in the rooting zone or cause nutrient imbalance, if a site is managed for repeated rotations of red alder

Proposal for an IMLS Collection Registry and Metadata Repository

The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign proposes to design, implement, and research a collection-level registry and item-level metadata repository service that will aggregate information about digital collections and items of digital content created using funds from Institute of Museum and Library Services (IMLS) National Leadership Grants. This work will be a collaboration by the University Library and the Graduate School of Library and Information Science. All extant digital collections initiated or augmented under IMLS aegis from 1998 through September 30, 2005 will be included in the proposed collection registry. Item-level metadata will be harvested from collections making such content available using the Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting (OAI PMH). As part of this work, project personnel, in cooperation with IMLS staff and grantees, will define and document appropriate metadata schemas, help create and maintain collection-level metadata records, assist in implementing OAI compliant metadata provider services for dissemination of item-level metadata records, and research potential benefits and issues associated with these activities. The immediate outcomes of this work will be the practical demonstration of technologies that have the potential to enhance the visibility of IMLS funded online exhibits and digital library collections and improve discoverability of items contained in these resources. Experience gained and research conducted during this project will make clearer both the costs and the potential benefits associated with such services. Metadata provider and harvesting service implementations will be appropriately instrumented (e.g., customized anonymous transaction logs, online questionnaires for targeted user groups, performance monitors). At the conclusion of this project we will submit a final report that discusses tasks performed and lessons learned, presents business plans for sustaining registry and repository services, enumerates and summarizes potential benefits of these services, and makes recommendations regarding future implementations of these and related intermediary and end user interoperability services by IMLS projects.unpublishednot peer reviewe

Gait characteristics and falls in Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Introduction: Given the high rate of falls during walking in people with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD), identifying at risk individuals and developing targeted interventions to reduce falls incidence is paramount. Numerous studies have investigated gait-related risk factors for falls in PD, however findings are inconsistent across studies, and thus a synthesis of the current evidence is needed to guide clinical practice and the development of interventions to reduce falls risk. The objective of this study was to systematically review the literature regarding the association between walking biomechanics and falls in people with PD, and where possible, perform meta-analyses. Methods: The study was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines. Databases were searched until January 2018 to identify articles that reported on the association between walking biomechanics and prospective or retrospective falls in people with PD. Results: Twenty-six articles were included (15 prospective studies, 11 retrospective studies). Articles reported on spatiotemporal and kinematic characteristics, and muscle activation patterns. Meta-analyses revealed slower walking speed, lower cadence, shorter strides and more mediolateral head and pelvis motion in those at higher risk of future falls. Findings from prospective and retrospective articles were largely consistent. Conclusion: Our findings identify spatiotemporal and kinematic characteristics of gait that are risk factors for falls in PD. Modification of these characteristics may have the potential to mediate falls risk, and future research to investigate this possibility is merited. The influence of body and ground reaction forces, and muscle activation patterns on falls risk in PD is currently under-researched