Space shuttle plume simulation application. Results and math model

Pressure and gauge wind tunnel data from a transonic test of a 0.02 scale model of the space shuttle launch vehicle was analyzed to define the aerodynamic influence of the main propulsion system and solid rocket booster plumes during the transonic portion of ascent flight. Air was used as a simulant gas to develop the model exhaust plumes. A math model of the plume induced aerodynamic characteristics was developed for a range of Mach numbers to match the forebody aerodynamic math model. The base aerodynamic characteristics are presented in terms of forces and moments versus attitude. Total vehicle base and forebody aerodynamic characteristics are presented in terms of aerodynamic coefficients for Mach number from 0.6 to 1.4 Element and component base and forebody aerodynamic characteristics are presented for Mach numbers of 0.6, 1.05, 1.1, 1.25 and 1.4. The forebody data is available at Mach 1.55. Tolerances for all plume induced aerodynamic characteristics are developed in terms of a math model

Simulation of the small punch creep test with consideration of variation of material properties

A new finite element model of the small punch creep test is described. The material constitutive relationship for creep considered is a simple Norton power law: in this study the exponent in the power law is varied for each element to simulate the random behaviour of creep. The influence of this random variation, and the effect of the friction factor between the punch and specimen, on the deformation and stress field has been investigated

Space shuttle plume/simulation application

An analysis of pressure and strain-gage data from space shuttle wind tunnel test IA119 and IA138 was performed to define the influence on aerodynamic characteristics resulting from the main propulsion system and solid rocket booster plumes. Aerodynamic characteristics of each of the elements, the components and total vehicle of the space shuttle vehicle during ascent flight was considered. Pressure data were obtained over the aft portions of the space shuttle wind tunnel model in addition to wing and elevon gage data

Path methods for strong shift equivalence of positive matrices

In the early 1990's, Kim and Roush developed path methods for establishing strong shift equivalence (SSE) of positive matrices over a dense subring U of the real numbers R. This paper gives a detailed, unified and generalized presentation of these path methods. New arguments which address arbitrary dense subrings U of R are used to show that for any dense subring U of R, positive matrices over U which have just one nonzero eigenvalue and which are strong shift equivalent over U must be strong shift equivalent over U_+. In addition, we show positive real matrices on a path of shift equivalent positive real matrices are SSE over R_+; positive rational matrices which are SSE over R_+ must be SSE over Q_+; and for any dense subring U of R, within the set of positive matrices over U which are conjugate over U to a given matrix, there are only finitely many SSE-U_+ classes.Comment: This version adds a 3-part program for studying SEE over the reals. One part is handled by the arxiv post "Strong shift equivalence and algebraic K-theory". This version is the author version of the paper published in the Kim memorial volume. From that, my short lifestory of Kim (and more) is on my web page http://www.math.umd.edu/~mboyle/papers/index.htm

Immobilized photosensitizers for antimicrobial applications

Photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy (PACT) is a very promising alternative to conventional antibiotics for the efficient inactivation of pathogenic microorganisms; this is due to the fact that it is virtually impossible for resistant strains to develop due to the mode of action employed. PACT employs a photosensitizer, which preferentially associates with the microorganism, and is then activated with non-thermal visible light of appropriate wavelength(s) to generate high localized concentrations of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inactivating the microorganism. The concept of using photosensitizers immobilized on a surface for this purpose is intended to address a range of economic, ecological and public health issues. Photosensitising molecules that have been immobilized on solid support for PACT applications are described herein. Different supports have been analyzed as well as the target microorganism and the effectiveness of particular combinations of support and photosensitiser

Canister closing device Patent

Design and characteristics of device for closing canisters under high vacuum condition

PET/PDT theranostics: Synthesis and biological evaluation of a peptide-targeted gallium porphyrin

The development of novel theranostic agents is an important step in the pathway towards personalised medicine, with the combination of diagnostic and therapeutic modalities into a single treatment agent naturally lending itself to the optimisation and personalisation of treatment. In pursuit of the goal of a molecular theranostic suitable for use as a PET radiotracer and a photosensitiser for PDT, a novel radiolabelled peptide–porphyrin conjugate targeting the α6β1-integrin has been developed. 69/71Ga and 68Ga labelling of an azide-functionalised porphyrin has been carried out in excellent yields, with subsequent bioconjugation to an alkyne-functionalised peptide demonstrated. α6β1-integrin expression of two cell lines has been evaluated by flow cytometry, and therapeutic potential of the conjugate demonstrated. Evaluation of the phototoxicity of the porphyrin–peptide theranostic conjugate in comparison to an untargeted control porphyrin in vitro, demonstrated significantly enhanced activity for a cell line with higher α6β1-integrin expression when compared with a cell line exhibiting lower α6β1-integrin expression

The Unjust Selection of Justice Professionals: Balancing Fairness for Police Officer Applicants and the Potential Citizens They Will Serve

This paper examines the effects on the community when its police officers are held to different physical standards based upon their sex. Through a Platonic analysis of the modern day guardians of the city, it can be seen that the community is deprived of the strongest and best police force when the department compensates individuals based upon a weakness that thier class of applicants possesses. This process proves to be unfair to both the applicants and to the citizens they may subsequently serve