Parametric binary dissection

Binary dissection is widely used to partition non-uniform domains over parallel computers. This algorithm does not consider the perimeter, surface area, or aspect ratio of the regions being generated and can yield decompositions that have poor communication to computation ratio. Parametric Binary Dissection (PBD) is a new algorithm in which each cut is chosen to minimize load + lambda x(shape). In a 2 (or 3) dimensional problem, load is the amount of computation to be performed in a subregion and shape could refer to the perimeter (respectively surface) of that subregion. Shape is a measure of communication overhead and the parameter permits us to trade off load imbalance against communication overhead. When A is zero, the algorithm reduces to plain binary dissection. This algorithm can be used to partition graphs embedded in 2 or 3-d. Load is the number of nodes in a subregion, shape the number of edges that leave that subregion, and lambda the ratio of time to communicate over an edge to the time to compute at a node. An algorithm is presented that finds the depth d parametric dissection of an embedded graph with n vertices and e edges in O(max(n log n, de)) time, which is an improvement over the O(dn log n) time of plain binary dissection. Parallel versions of this algorithm are also presented; the best of these requires O((n/p) log(sup 3)p) time on a p processor hypercube, assuming graphs of bounded degree. How PBD is applied to 3-d unstructured meshes and yields partitions that are better than those obtained by plain dissection is described. Its application to the color image quantization problem is also discussed, in which samples in a high-resolution color space are mapped onto a lower resolution space in a way that minimizes the color error

Weyl collineations that are not curvature collineations

Though the Weyl tensor is a linear combination of the curvature tensor, Ricci tensor and Ricci scalar, it does not have all and only the Lie symmetries of these tensors since it is possible, in principle, that "asymmetries cancel". Here we investigate if, when and how the symmetries can be different. It is found that we can obtain a metric with a finite dimensional Lie algebra of Weyl symmetries that properly contains the Lie algebra of curvature symmetries. There is no example found for the converse requirement. It is speculated that there may be a fundamental reason for this lack of "duality".Comment: 9 page

Nitrogen doping in the carbon matrix for Li-ion hybrid supercapacitors: state of the art, challenges and future prospective

Li-ion hybrid supercapacitors (LiHSCs) have emerged as an extremely attractive energy storage system by combining the prime advantages of Li-ion batteries and supercapacitors. As a common electrode material in both lithium ion batteries and supercapacitors, graphene and activated carbons offer a tunable porous structure with high chemical, thermal and physical stability, which in turn results in excellent electronic conductivity and improved capacity as compared with the other electrodes. Elemental nitrogen doping in graphene and activated carbons is believed to further improve their performance. In this review, the state of the art of hybrid supercapacitors is briefly summarized with an emphasis on the use of graphene and activated carbons. Subsequent doping of graphene and activated carbons with nitrogen in LiHSCs is also emphasized

Draft Genome Sequence of the Enteropathogenic Bacterium Campylobacter jejuni Strain cj255.

The enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni is a global health disaster, being one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of C. jejuni strain cj255, isolated from a chicken source in Islamabad, Pakistan. The draft genome sequence will aid in epidemiological studies and quarantine of this broad-host-range pathogen

Inflating Lorentzian Wormholes

It has been speculated that Lorentzian wormholes of the Morris- Thorne type might be allowed by the laws of physics at submicroscopic, e.g. Planck, scales and that a sufficiently advanced civilization might be able to enlarge them to classical size. The purpose of this paper is to explore the possibility that inflation might provide a natural mechanism for the enlargement of such wormholes to macroscopic size. A new classical metric is presented for a Lorentzian wormhole which is imbedded in a flat deSitter space. It is shown that the throat and proper length of the wormhole inflate. The resulting properties and stress-energy tensor associated with this metric are discussed.Comment: 24 pg

Weighing the Milky Way

We describe an experiment to measure the mass of the Milky Way galaxy. The experiment is based on calculated light travel times along orthogonal directions in the Schwarzschild metric of the Galactic center. We show that the difference is proportional to the Galactic mass. We apply the result to light travel times in a 10cm Michelson type interferometer located on Earth. The mass of the Galactic center is shown to contribute 10^-6 to the flat space component of the metric. An experiment is proposed to measure the effect.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur

Ricci Collineations of the Bianchi Type II, VIII, and IX Space-times

Ricci and contracted Ricci collineations of the Bianchi type II, VIII, and IX space-times, associated with the vector fields of the form (i) one component of $\xi^a(x^b)$ is different from zero and (ii) two components of $\xi^a(x^b)$ are different from zero, for $a,b=1,2,3,4$, are presented. In subcase (i.b), which is $\xi^a= (0,\xi^2(x^a),0,0)$, some known solutions are found, and in subcase (i.d), which is $\xi^a =(0,0,0,\xi^4(x^a))$, choosing $S(t)=const.\times R(t)$, the Bianchi type II, VIII, and IX space-times is reduced to the Robertson-Walker metric.Comment: 12 Pages, LaTeX, 1 Table, no figure

Draft Genome Sequence of the Enteropathogenic Bacterium Campylobacter jejuni Strain cj255.

Published onlineJournal ArticleThe enteropathogen Campylobacter jejuni is a global health disaster, being one of the leading causes of bacterial gastroenteritis. Here, we present the draft genome sequence of C. jejuni strain cj255, isolated from a chicken source in Islamabad, Pakistan. The draft genome sequence will aid in epidemiological studies and quarantine of this broad-host-range pathogen.Higher Education Commission of Pakistan and British Counci

Matter collineations of Spacetime Homogeneous G\"odel-type Metrics

The spacetime homogeneous G\"odel-type spacetimes which have four classes of metrics are studied according to their matter collineations. The obtained results are compared with Killing vectors and Ricci collineations. It is found that these spacetimes have infinite number of matter collineations in degenerate case, i.e. det$(T_{ab}) = 0$, and do not admit proper matter collineations in non-degenerate case, i.e. det$(T_{ab}) \ne 0$. The degenerate case has the new constraints on the parameters $m$ and $w$ which characterize the causality features of the G\"odel-type spacetimes.Comment: 12 pages, LaTex, no figures, Class. Quantum.Grav.20 (2003) 216