131 research outputs found
Validity of self-reported criminal justice system involvement in substance abusing women at five-year follow-up
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Few studies have compared self-reported criminal behaviour with high-quality databases of criminal offences and judicial sanctions. Self-reported problems from drug abusers are generally believed to be valid. We assessed the validity of self-reported theft, drug offences and prison sentences from a five-year follow-up of female substance abusers who were originally treated in a compulsory care unit in Lund, run by the Swedish Board of Institutional Care.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Data from a total of 106 of a consecutive sample of 132 women inter-viewed in a five-year follow-up. All were thoroughly assessed for somatic complaints, psychiatric and psychological problems, background factors with standardized instruments. Data over the five years were linked to official records of judicial sanctions, retrieved from The National Council for Crime Prevention, Stockholm, Sweden. Register data have a full cover for the whole cohort. The current data base contain full data back to 1975 up to 2004.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Agreement was assessed for each year, as well as for the total period. Statistical control was performed for other types of crimes and prison. Although statistically significant, agreement was modest, and in contrast to previous studies, patients under-reported violence charges.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The findings suggest that self-reports of criminal behaviour from women can be used with some caution, and that the validity of self-report may vary between types of criminal justice system involvement.</p
RASAL2 Confers Collateral MEK/EGFR Dependency in Chemoresistant Triple-Negative Breast Cancer
Managerial power in the German model: the case of Bertelsmann and the antecedents of neoliberalism
Our article extends the research on authoritarian neoliberalism to Germany, through a history of the Bertelsmann media corporation – sponsor and namesake of Germany’s most influential neoliberal think-tank. Our article makes three conceptual moves. Firstly, we argue that conceptualizing German neoliberalism in terms of an ‘ordoliberal paradigm’ is of limited use in explaining the rise and fall of Germany’s distinctive socio-economic model (Modell Deutschland). Instead, we locate the origins of authoritarian tendencies in the corporate power exercised by managers rather than in the power of state-backed markets imagined by ordoliberals. Secondly, we focus on the managerial innovations of Bertelsmann as a key actor enmeshed with Modell Deutschland. We show that the adaptation of business management practices of an endogenous ‘Cologne School’ empowered Bertelsmann’s postwar managers to overcome existential crises and financial constraints despite being excluded from Germany’s corporate support network. Thirdly, we argue that their further development in the 1970s also enabled Bertelsmann to curtail and circumvent the forms of labour representation associated with Modell Deutschland. Inspired by cybernetic management theories that it used to limit and control rather than revive market competition among its workforce, Bertelsmann began to act and think outside the postwar settlement between capital and labour before the settlement’s hotly-debated demise since the 1990s
Evaluating real-time internet therapy and online self-help for problematic alcohol consumers: a three-arm RCT protocol
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Only a minority of all alcohol- and drug abusers is receiving professional care. In an attempt to narrow this treatment gap, treatment facilities experiment with online healthcare. Therefore, it is important to test the (cost-)effectiveness of online health interventions in a randomized clinical trial.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>This paper presents the protocol of a three-arm randomized clinical trial to test the (cost-) effectiveness of online treatment for problem drinkers. Self-help online, therapy online and a waiting list are tested against each other. Primary outcome is change in alcohol consumption. Secondary outcome measures include quality of life and working ability. Incremental cost-effectiveness ratios for self-help online alcohol and therapy online alcohol will be calculated. The predictive validity of participant characteristics on treatment adherence and outcome will be explored.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>To our best knowledge, this randomized clinical trial will be the first to test the effectiveness of therapy online against both self-help online and a waiting-list. It will provide evidence on (cost-) effectiveness of online treatment for problem drinkers and investigate outcome predictors.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>This trial is registered in the Dutch Trialregister (Cochrane Collaboration) and traceable as NTR-TC1155.</p
The Employment Situation of Journalists in the Federal Republic of Germany
Press concentration and journalist job market from the view of impacted editors. Topics: Length of occupation affiliation and information on occupational development; professional position before and after change in the business; time of announcement of the business change and effects on personal working conditions; income reduction; severence pay arrangements or supports from a hardship fund; effects of the business change on one´s own provision for old age; change of place of residence; detailed information on professional career; judgement on the situation in the job market for journalists and assumed difficulties to find a new job; judgement on the social security of journalist jobs; memberships; payment according to wage agreement; special payments of employer. With those respondents who had lost their job: difficulties to find a new job; unemployment benefit received; paths to a new position. Demography: age; sex; marital status; number of children; school education; vocational training; occupation; professional career; income.Pressekonzentration und journalistischer Arbeitsmarkt aus der Sicht betroffener Redakteure. Themen: Dauer der Berufszugehörigkeit und Angaben über die berufliche Entwicklung; berufliche Position vor und nach der Veränderung im Unternehmen; Zeitpunkt der Bekanntgabe der Unternehmensveränderung und Auswirkungen auf das eigene Arbeitsverhältnis; Einkommensminderung; Abfindungsregelungen oder Unterstützungen aus einem Härtefond; Auswirkungen der Unternehmensveränderung auf die eigene Altersversorgung; Wohnortwechsel; detaillierte Angaben über die berufliche Karriere; Beurteilung der Arbeitsmarktsituation für Journalisten und vermutete Schwierigkeiten, einen neuen Arbeitsplatz zu finden; Beurteilung der sozialen Sicherung von Journalistenarbeitsplätzen; Mitgliedschaften; Bezahlung nach Tarifvertrag; Sonderleistungen des Arbeitgebers. Bei solchen Befragten, die ihren Arbeitsplatz verloren hatten: Schwierigkeiten, einen neuen Arbeitsplatz zu finden; erhaltene Arbeitslosenunterstützung; Wege zu einer neuen Anstellung. Demographie: Alter; Geschlecht; Familienstand; Kinderzahl; Schulbildung; Berufsausbildung; Beruf; Berufslaufbahn; Einkommen
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