523 research outputs found
A Thomas-Fermi model of localization of proton impurities in neutron matter
We show that the proton impurity in a neutron matter can create an inhomogeneity in density which acts as a potential well localizing the proton’s wave function. At low densities this inhomogeneity is a neutron bulge, whereas at high densities a neutron deficiency (bubble) occurs. We calculate variationally the proton’s energy using a Gaussian wave function. The neutron background is treated in a Thomas–Fermi approximation. The Skyrme interactions are used. We find that the localized proton has lower energy than the plane wave proton for densities below the lower critical density n 0.3n, and above the upper critical density n 2.2n, where n = 0.17 fm. We discuss some implications of the proton localization for magnetic properties of neutron matter containing a small admixture of protons
Mixed quark-nucleon phase in neutron stars and nuclear symmetry energy
The influence of the nuclear symmetry energy on the formation of a mixed
quark-nucleon phase in neutron star cores is studied. We use simple
parametrizations of the nuclear matter equation of state, and the bag model for
the quark phase. The behavior of nucleon matter isobars, which is responsible
for the existence of the mixed phase, is investigated. The role of the nuclear
symmetry energy changes with the value of the bag constant B. For lower values
of B the properties of the mixed phase do not depend strongly on the symmetry
energy. For larger B we find that a critical pressure for the first quark
droplets to form is strongly dependent on the nuclear symmetry energy, but the
pressure at which last nucleons disappear is independent of it.Comment: 12 pages, 16 figures, Phys. Rev. C in pres
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Accelerator mass spectrometry with a coupled tandem-linac system
A coupled system provides higher energies, which allows one to extend AMS to hitherto untouched mass regions. Another important argument is that the complexity, although bothersome for the operation, increases the selectivity of detecting a particular isotope. The higher-energy argument holds for any heavy-ion accelerator which is capable of delivering higher energy than a tandem. The present use of tandem-linac combinations for AMS, rather than cyclotrons, linacs or combinations of these machines, has mainly to do with the fact that this technique was almost exclusively developed around tandem accelerators. Therefore the tandem-linac combination is a natural extension to higher energies. The use of negative ions has some particular advantages in suppressing background from unwanted elements that do not form stable negative ions (e.g., N, Mg, Ar). On the other hand, this limits the detection of isotopes to elements which do form negative ions. For particular problems it may therefore be advantageous to use a positive-ion machine. What really matters most for choosing one or the other machine is to what extent the entire accelerator system can be operated in a truly quantiative way from the ion source to the detection system. 20 references, 4 figures
Shell model study of the pairing correlations
A systematic study of the pairing correlations as a function of temperature
and angular momentum has been performed in the sd-shell region using the
spherical shell model approach. The pairing correlations have been derived for
even-even, even-odd and odd-odd systems near N=Z and also for the asymmetric
case of N=Z+4. The results indicate that the pairing content and the behavior
of pair correlations is similar in even-even and odd-mass nuclei. For odd-odd
N=Z system, angular momentum I=0 state is an isospin, t=1 neutron-proton paired
configuration. Further, these t=1 correlations are shown to be dramatically
reduced for the asymmetric case of N=Z+4. The shell model results obtained are
qualitatively explained within a simplified degenerate model
Lifetime Measurements in 120Xe
Lifetimes for the lowest three transitions in the nucleus Xe have
been measured using the Recoil Distance Technique. Our data indicate that the
lifetime for the transition is more than a factor of
two lower than the previously adopted value and is in keeping with more recent
measurements performed on this nucleus. The theoretical implications of this
discrepancy and the possible reason for the erroneous earlier results are
discussed. All measured lifetimes in Xe, as well as the systematics of
the lifetimes of the 2 states in Xe isotopes, are compared with
predictions of various models. The available data are best described by the
Fermion Dynamic Symmetry Model (FDSM).Comment: 9 pages, RevTeX, 3 figures with Postscript file available on request
at [email protected], [email protected]. Submitted to Phys.
Rev.
Low Energy Skyrmion-Skyrmion Scattering
We study the scattering of Skyrmions at low energy and large separation using
the method proposed by Manton of truncation to a finite number of degrees
freedom. We calculate the induced metric on the manifold of the union of
gradient flow curves, which for large separation, to first non-trivial order is
parametrized by the variables of the product ansatz. (presented at the Lake
Louise Winter Institute, 1994)Comment: 6 page
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Argonne tandem as injector to a superconducting linac
The Argonne Tandem uses Pelletron chains, NEC accelerator tubes, and a dual closed-corona system. Its main function is to be an injector for a superconducting linear accelerator. As long as the transverse and longitudinal emittances are within the acceptance of the linac, the output beam quality of the tandem-linac system is essentially determined by the tandem. The sensitivity of the linac to the longitudinal emittance ..delta..E..delta..t of the incident beam makes the output beam quality dependent on the negative-ion velocity distribution in the source, transit-time effects in the tandem, molecular-beam dissociation, and stripper-foil uniformity. This paper discusses these beam-degrading effects
Degeneracies when T=0 Two Body Matrix Elements are Set Equal to Zero and Regge's 6j Symmetry Relations
The effects of setting all T=0 two body interaction matrix elements equal to
a constant (or zero) in shell model calculations (designated as ) are
investigated. Despite the apparent severity of such a procedure, one gets
fairly reasonable spectra. We find that using in single j shell
calculations degeneracies appear e.g. the and
states in Sc are at the same excitation energies; likewise the
I=,,9 and 10 states in Ti. The
above degeneracies involve the vanishing of certain 6j and 9j symbols. The
symmetry relations of Regge are used to explain why these vanishings are not
accidental. Thus for these states the actual deviation from degeneracy are good
indicators of the effects of the T=0 matrix elements. A further indicator of
the effects of the T=0 interaction in an even - even nucleus is to compare the
energies of states with odd angular momentum with those that are even
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