Productivity and performance of irrigated wheat farms across canal commands in the Lower Indus Basin

Irrigated farmingWheatProductivityPerformance evaluationWater managementCropping systemsWater supplySoil propertiesModels

Triaxial projected shell model study of γ\gamma-bands in atomic nuclei

A systematic study of $\gamma$-bands observed in atomic nuclei is performed using the triaxial projected shell model (TPSM) approach. The staggering phase between the even and odd spin members of the $\gamma$-band for most the nuclei investigated in the present work is found to have even-I-below-odd-I, which in the framework of the collective model is considered as a signature of $\gamma$-softness. It is observed that out of twenty-three systems studied, only four nuclei, namely, $^{76}$Ge, $^{112}$Ru, $^{170}$Er and $^{232}$Th depict staggering phase with odd-I-below-even-I, which is regarded as an indication of the static $\gamma$-deformation in the collective model picture. The inclusion of the quasiparticle excitations in the framework of configuration mixing is shown to reverse the staggering phase from odd-I-down to the even-I-down for all the studied nuclei, except for the aforementioned four nuclei. Furthermore, by fitting a collective Bohr Hamiltonian to the TPSM energies, the differences between the two models are delineated through a comparison of the transition probabilities.Comment: 12 pages, 15 figure

Sustaining surface and groundwater resources: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Conjunctive Water Management for Sustainable Irrigated Agriculture in South Asia, Lahore, Pakistan, April 16-17, 2002

Water resource management / Conjunctive use / Surface water / Groundwater / Models / Crop production / Water requirements / Water balance / Water table / Sustainable agriculture / Environmental sustainability / Supplementary irrigation / Water quality / Rain / Pumping / Salinity control / Remote sensing / GIS / Water scarcity / Farm income / Institutional development / Pakistan / Australia / Rechna Doab / Shepparton / Coleambally / Burdekin

Health hazards of pesticides in Pakistan

Public health / Risks / Pesticide residues / Pest control / Plant protection / Surveys / Pakistan / Sindh

Multiple uses of irrigation water in the Hakra 6-R, Distributary Command Area, Punjab, Pakistan

Irrigation canals / Distributary canals / Water allocation / Water use / Households / Livestock / Water quality / Water pollution / Waterborne diseases / Health / Water rates / Women / Gender / Fish farming / Pakistan / Punjab / Haroonabad / Tehsil / Hakra 6-R Distributary

Architectural aspects of QoS-aware personal networks

Personal Networks (PN) are future communication systems that combine wireless and infracuture based networks to provide users a variety of services anywhere and anytime. PNs introduce new design challenges due to the heterogeneity of the involved technologies, the need for self-organization, the dynamics of the system composition, the application-driven nature, the co-operation with infrastructure-based networks, and the security hazards. This paper discusses the challenges of security and QoS provisioning in designing self-organized personal networks and combines them all into an integrated architectural framework

Salinity management alternatives for the Rechna Doab, Punjab, Pakistan. Volume 4 - Field data collection and processing

Irrigation management / Soil salinity / Agricultural development / Water quality / Data processing / Groundwater / Crop production / Intensive cropping / Models / Farm surveys / Pakistan / Punjab / Rechna Doab

Switching cytolytic nanopores into antimicrobial fractal ruptures by a single side chain mutation

Disruption of cell membranes is a fundamental host defense response found in virtually all forms of life. The molecular mechanisms vary but generally lead to energetically favored circular nanopores. Here, we report an elaborate fractal rupture pattern induced by a single side-chain mutation in ultrashort (8–11-mers) helical peptides, which otherwise form transmembrane pores. In contrast to known mechanisms, this mode of membrane disruption is restricted to the upper leaflet of the bilayer where it exhibits propagating fronts of peptide-lipid interfaces that are strikingly similar to viscous instabilities in fluid flow. The two distinct disruption modes, pores and fractal patterns, are both strongly antimicrobial, but only the fractal rupture is nonhemolytic. The results offer wide implications for elucidating differential membrane targeting phenomena defined at the nanoscale

Waterlogging and salinity management in the Sindh Province, Pakistan. Volume 2. The farming system: potential for investment and returns in Sindh, Pakistan Length: ix, 149p. + (3 1/2") diskette

Farming systemsLand useFarm sizeFertilizersProductivityWheatCottonRiceSugarcaneProduction costsIrrigation waterGroundwaterWater qualityIrrigation practicesDrainageWater tableLand tenureCropping systemsMechanizationEconomic aspectsModels