2,598 research outputs found
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Neo-Institutional Theory and Organization Studies: A Mid-Life Crisis?
We trace the development of neo-institutional theory in Organization Studies from a marginal topic to the dominant theory. We show how it has evolved from infancy, through adolescence and early adulthood to being a fully mature theory, which we think is now facing a mid-life crisis. Some of the features of this mid-life crisis include over-reach, myopia, tautology, pseudo-progress and re-inventing the wheel. To address these problems, we argue that institutional theorists should limit the range of the concept, sharpen their lens, avoid tautologies and problematize the concept. By doing this, we think institutional theorists could develop a narrower and more focused conception of institutions
Digital Traces of Distinction? Popular Orientation and User-Engagement with Status Hierarchies in TripAdvisor Reviews of Cultural Organizations
Cultural organizations are categorized by cultural products (high or popular culture) and by organizational form (nonprofit or commercial). In sociology, these classifications are understood predominantly through a Bourdieusian lens, which links cultural consumption to habitus and a class-based struggle for distinction. However, peopleâs engagement with institutionalized cultural classifications may be expressed differently on the Internet, where a culture of hierarchy-free equality is (sometimes) idealized. Using digital trace data from a representative sample of 280 user-generated reviews of four London cultural organizations, we find that reviewers are concerned with practical issues over cultural content, displaying a popular orientation to cultural consumption (an âaudience-focusâ or an âembodiedâ approach). A very small minority of reviewers claim status honor on a variety of bases, including symbolic mastery of traditional cultural capital. Overall, we find an online space in the cultural sphere in which cultural hierarchies are not relevant
Organizational evolution and the Olympic Games: the case of sport climbing
This paper discusses the processes underpinning the evolutionary development of sport climbing in recent decades, with a particular focus on the impact of its inclusion in the Olympic Games. New institutionalism and resource-dependence theory provide an analytical and explanatory framework for this study. The research adopted a qualitative method strategy comprising a series of interviews and the analysis of documents, reports, press and social media. The recent inclusion of the sport in the Tokyo 2020 Olympic programme has created challenges, primarily because of strong values inherent within the sport. The research, however, shows that the values of a sport can expand and develop in order to fit the regulatory legitimacy required by inclusion in the Olympic Games. Nonetheless, the research also shows that involvement with the IOC raises questions about who âownsâ the sport
Dialogical self strategies of self-organization: psychotherapy and restructuring of internal management
A identidade tem sido um conceito central na literatura em psicologia e na forma como as diferentes abordagens terapĂȘuticas tĂȘm concebido os processos de mudança. Entre as inĂșmeras perspectivas desenvolvidas sobre essa dimensĂŁo do ser humano, destacamos o paradigma dialĂłgico que tem vindo a influenciar de forma crescente a teoria e prĂĄtica em psicoterapia. Segundo esta perspectiva, a funcionalidade psicolĂłgica estĂĄ relacionada com o modo como os indivĂduos conseguem articular e colocar em diĂĄlogo produtivo as suas vĂĄrias vozes ou posiçÔes de identidade. Neste artigo apresentamos uma revisĂŁo da literatura sobre as estratĂ©gias que subjazem a essa capacidade auto-organizadora do sistema identitĂĄrio e sobre as diretrizes que poderĂŁo orientar uma intervenção terapĂȘutica dialĂłgica quando essa capacidade se torna disfuncional.Self-concept has been playing a crucial role in psychological literature and in the way the different therapeutic approaches conceive the processes of change. From the diverse perspectives developed about this human dimension, we emphasise the dialogical paradigm that has been increasingly influential in the psychotherapeutic theory and practice. According to the dialogical perspective the psychological well-being is dependent on the way individuals articulate and maintain productive dialogues between the different voices of the self or âI-Positionsâ. In this paper we present a review of the literature on the strategies that underlie this self-regulatory ability of the self-system and the guidelines of the dialogical therapeutic intervention that could be used when these self-regulatory strategies become dysfunctional.(undefined
The Effects of Home Computers on Educational Outcomes: Evidence from a Field Experiment with Schoolchildren
Are home computers are an important input in the educational production
function? To address this question, we conduct a field experiment
involving the provision of free computers to schoolchildren for home
use. Low-income children attending middle and high schools in 15 schools
in California were randomly selected to receive free computers and
followed over the school year. The results indicate that the experiment
substantially increased computer ownership and total computer use among
the schoolchildren with no substitution away from use at school or other
locations outside the home. We find no evidence that the home computers
improved educational outcomes for the treatment group. From detailed
administrative data provided by the schools and a follow-up survey, we
find no evidence of positive effects on a comprehensive set of outcomes
such as grades, test scores, credits, attendance, school enrollment,
computer skills, and college aspirations. The estimates also do not
indicate that the effects of home computers on educational outcomes are
instead negative. Our estimates are precise enough to rule out even
modestly-sized positive or negative impacts. The lack of a positive net
effect on educational outcomes may be due to displacement from
non-educational uses such as for games, social networking, and
entertainment. We find evidence that total hours of computer use for
games and social networking increases substantially with having a home
computer, and increases more than total hours of computer use for schoolwork
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Motivations for innovation in the built environment: new directions for research
Innovation in the built environment involves multiple actors with diverse motivations. Policy-makers find it difficult to promote changes that require cooperation from these numerous and dispersed actors and to align their sometimes divergent interests. Established research traditions on the economics and management of innovation pay only limited attention to stakeholder choices, engagement and motivation. This paper reviews the insights that emerge as research in these traditions comes into contact with work on innovation from sociological and political perspectives. It contributes by highlighting growing areas of research on user involvement in complex innovation, collective action, distributed innovation and transition management. To differing extents, these provide approaches to incorporate the motivations of different actors into theoretical understanding. These indicate new directions for research that promise to enrich understanding of innovation
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