Oxidized basalts on the surface of Venus: Compositional implications of measured spectral properties

Venera Lander reflectance data are compared with high temperature spectra of the same basaltic materials. The dark, flat unoxidized basalts are still inconsistent with the Venera data in the near-infrared. Basaltic material with a ferric component, however, would satisfy both the increase in reflectance beyond 0.7 microns as well as the dark, relatively colorless character in the visible. Therefore, it is concluded that besaltic surfaces of Venus represented by these measurements either contain minerals with uncommon characteristics, or, more likely, are relatively oxidized

Optically pumped GaAs surface laser with corrugation feedback

A GaAs distributed-feedback laser was fabricated and pumped optically. A narrow stimulated spectrum was obtained around 0.83 µ with threshold pumping power of ~2 × 10^5 W/cm^2

RF sensing for real-time monitoring of plasma processing

A novel sensing system based on the microwave resonance probe is compared to standard RF metrology. The system uses an antenna in the glow discharge to excite the bulk plasma at a frequency range of 30 MHz to 1 GHz. Standard RF metrology is implemented by measuring the fundamental and five harmonics of the RF power signal. An experiment varying power, pressure, CF4CF4 and O2O2 is constructed. Using a subset of the data to regress a model, standard RF sensing reconstructs the experimental variables with a best average R2R2 of 0.586 at a high model coefficient variance (σb2),(σb2), whereas the novel sensing system results in a best average R2R2 of 0.804 and an order of magnitude lower σb2.σb2. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/87554/2/442_1.pd

Pagetʼs Disease (Osteitis Deformans) in Archaeological Remains: A Radiographic Differential

Paget’s disease of bone is a metabolic bone disease of unknown etiology and is the most likely disease to cause secondary bone cancer; a prevalence that increases with age[1]. With the increasing age of modern populations, the importance of better understanding this disease will likewise increase. While in vivo tests for the disease cannot be performed in skeletal samples, radiographic views of archaeological remains can provide insight into the origins and natural history of the disease

Recent Results from the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission and Plans for the Extended Science Phase

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft (LRO), launched on June 18, 2009, began with the goal of seeking safe landing sites for future robotic missions or the return of humans to the Moon as part of NASA's Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD). In addition, LRO's objectives included the search for surface resources and to investigate the Lunar radiation environment. After spacecraft commissioning, the ESMD phase of the mission began on September 15, 2009 and completed on September 15, 2010 when operational responsibility for LRO was transferred to NASA's Science Mission Directorate (SMD). The SMD mission was scheduled for 2 years and completed in September, 2012. The LRO mission has been extended for two years under SMD. The extended mission focuses on a new set of goals related to understanding the geologic history of the Moon, its current state, and what it can tell us about the evolution Of the Solar System. Here we will review the major results from the LRO mission for both exploration and science and discuss plans and objectives going forward including plans for the extended science phase out to 2014. Results from the LRO mission include but are not limited to the development of comprehensive high resolution maps and digital terrain models of the lunar surface; discoveries on the nature of hydrogen distribution, and by extension water, at the lunar poles; measurement of the day and night time temperature of the lunar surface including temperature down below 30 K in permanently shadowed regions (PSRs); direct measurement of Hg, H2, and CO deposits in the PSRs, evidence for recent tectonic activity on the Moon, and high resolution maps of the illumination conditions as the poles. The objectives for the second and extended science phases of the mission under SMD include: 1) understanding the bombardment history of the Moon, 2) interpreting Lunar geologic processes, 3) mapping the global Lunar regolith, 4) identifying volatiles on the Moon, and 5) measuring the Lunar atmosphere and radiation environment

Assessment of Human Trabecular Architecture in the Pubis by Three Radiographic Modalities

This poster discusses technical aspects of an investigation into the use of non-destructive radiological analyses of pubic cancellous bone structure to estimate age-at-death from human skeletal remains. This study stems from findings, in X-ray plain films, of increased rarification and orientation of trabeculae with age [1]; likely in concert with the macroscopic remodelling of the symphyseal surface currently used in estimation of age-at-death. The study uses three non-destructive X-ray imaging modalities: plain film radiography, computed tomography (CT), and micro-CT (μCT). Plain film radiography has greater spatial resolution than CT [2] and is relatively inexpensive, widely available, and, with portable X-ray units, even accessible in the field for archaeological and forensic applications. CT scanners are largely restricted to clinical settings due to the size, sensitivity, and cost of the machine, but offer a greater contrast resolution than plain film radiography [2]. More expensive and more precise, μCTscanners are further restricted in their availability and accessibility, but CT andμCTmodalities provide volumetric data, avoiding the confusion of overlying cortical and cancellous structures and the apparent increases in density with element thickness seen in plain film radiography

Committee Reports

Contains reports from the following committees of the Washington State Bar Association: Administrative Law, Civil Rights, Code Commission, Cooperation with American Bar Association, Federal Legislation, Improvement of Probate Statutes, Law Examiners, Legal Education, Legal Ethics, Legal Institutes, Legislative, Obituary, Selection of Judges, and Unauthorized Practice of Law. Also includes the auditor\u27s report

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter: Plans for the Science Phase

The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter spacecraft (LRO), which was launched on June 18, 2009, began with the goal of seeking safe landing sites for future robotic missions or the return of humans to the Moon as part of NASA's Exploration Systems Mission Directorate (ESMD). In addition, LRO's primary objectives included the search for resources and to investigate the Lunar radiation environment. This phase of the mission was completed on September 15,2010 when the operational responsibility for LRO was transferred from ESMD to NASA's Science Mission directorate (SMD). Under SMD, the mission focuses on a new set of goals related to the history of the Moon, its current state and what its history can tell us about the evolution of the Solar System