Electroencephalographic studies of sleep

Various experimental studies on sleep are described. The following areas are discussed: (1) effect of altered day length on sleep, (2) effect of a partial loss of sleep on subsequent nocturnal sleep; (3) effect of rigid control over sleep-wake-up times; (4) sleep and wakefulness in a time-free environment; (5) distribution of spindles during a full night of sleep; and (6) effect on sleep and performance of swiftly changing shifts of work

Administrative Obstacles to Technology Use in West Virginia Public Schools: A Survey of West Virginia Principals

Public school principals must meet many challenges and make decisions concerning financial obligations while providing the best learning environment for students. A major challenge to principals is implementing technological components successfully while providing teachers the 21st century instructional skills needed to enhance students\u27 utilization of technology. For this study, technology consisted of areas related to infrastructure (facilities, hardware, software, funding), social issues (staffing, staff development, principals\u27 motivation, teacher and student perceptions), and policy affecting how principals implement technology in elementary, middle, and high school environments. These areas of technology are greatly impacted through the administrative decision making process. School systems across the United States spend millions of dollars on technology (Monk, Pijanowski, & Hussain, 1997). Research shows there is little assistance to principals on how to implement and maintain this technology. Four research questions will be answered: (1) What technology support do West Virginia principals provide to teachers? (2) Who do West Virginia principals rely on to provide technology support when unable to do so themselves? (3) What facilitates principals\u27 implementation of technology in West Virginia public schools? (4)) What impedes principals\u27 implementation of technology in West Virginia public schools? This quantitative study measured perceptions of principals implementing technology in West Virginia public schools. Six hundred and thirty-five emails delivered through Survey Monkey returned an overall response rate of 38.4% from the three groups of principals, elementary, middle, and high school. Representation from all fifty-five West Virginia counties existed for this study. A brief history of technology beginning in the early 1980s included in chapter two demonstrates West Virginia\u27s successful implementation of technology into public schools. This background builds the context of technology use for principals attempting to establish 21st century skills in West Virginia public schools through the implementation process of technology. A brief history of national technology trends in chapter two also suggests that the obstacles for West Virginia principals exist across the country.;Approximately 76% of West Virginia principals responding to this study had less than fifteen years experience as a principal. Over 95% had been involved in some type of technology training. The data support the importance of a strong technological principal to enhance the implementation process of technology in West Virginia public schools.;Lack of technical support to maintain existing technology in public schools is one of the biggest obstacles for West Virginia principals according to this study. The Technology Integration Specialist (TIS) plays a very positive role in successfully implementing technology; however, only 20.8% of the principals responding have access to a TIS. Over 79% of the principals agreed that lack of technical support is an obstacle.;According to West Virginia principals, obstacles exist that impede the technology implementation process. The research also provides several areas that facilitate the implementation process of technology and recommendations that may provide support to West Virginia public school principals

Improvement of oxygen partial pressure sensor

Flight type calcium stabilized solid electrolyte oxygen senso

Notes on the poison of venomous snakes

When a wound has been inflicted by a venomous snake, it is well known that the first efforts should be directed to prevent the poison from being absorbed into the system. To effect this it is recommended that a tight ligature should be immediately applied close to the bite, between it and the centre of the circulation, and that suction should then be practised to the wound itself. This suction is of extreme importance, and though it is generally understood to be unattended by danger, I am aware that very many persons do not consider it to be altogether so. and that they would hesitate before taking into their mouth even the smallest quantity of a poison so virulent as that of the snake

Methods for the evaluation of alternative disaster warning systems

For each of the methods identified, a theoretical basis is provided and an illustrative example is described. The example includes sufficient realism and detail to enable an analyst to conduct an evaluation of other systems. The methods discussed in the study include equal capability cost analysis, consumers' surplus, and statistical decision theory

Methods for the evaluation of alternative disaster warning systems. Executive summary

Methods for estimating the economic costs and benefits of the transmission-reception and reception-action segments of a disaster warning system (DWS) are described. Methods were identified for the evaluation of the transmission and reception portions of alternative disaster warning systems. Example analyses using the methods identified were performed

Uplift and subsidence associated with the great Aceh-Andaman earthquake of 2004

Rupture of the Sunda megathrust on 26 December 2004 produced broad regions of uplift and subsidence. We define the pivot line separating these regions as a first step in defining the lateral extent and the downdip limit of rupture during that great M_w ≈ 9.2 earthquake. In the region of the Andaman and Nicobar islands we rely exclusively on the interpretation of satellite imagery and a tidal model. At the southern limit of the great rupture we rely principally on field measurements of emerged coral microatolls. Uplift extends from the middle of Simeulue Island, Sumatra, at ~2.5°N, to Preparis Island, Myanmar (Burma), at ~14.9°N. Thus the rupture is ~1600 km long. The distance from the pivot line to the trench varies appreciably. The northern and western Andaman Islands rose, whereas the southern and eastern portion of the islands subsided. The Nicobar Islands and the west coast of Aceh province, Sumatra, subsided. Tilt at the southern end of the rupture is steep; the distance from 1.5 m of uplift to the pivot line is just 60 km. Our method of using satellite imagery to recognize changes in elevation relative to sea surface height and of using a tidal model to place quantitative bounds on coseismic uplift or subsidence is a novel approach that can be adapted to other forms of remote sensing and can be applied to other subduction zones in tropical regions