Validation of the optical Aktiia bracelet in different body positions for the persistent monitoring of blood pressure.

The diagnosis of hypertension and the adjustment of antihypertensive drugs are evolving from isolated measurements performed at the physician offices to the full phenotyping of patients in real-life conditions. Indeed, the strongest predictor of cardiovascular risk comes from night measurements. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that a wearable device (the Aktiia Bracelet) can accurately estimate BP in the most common body positions of daily life and thus become a candidate solution for the BP phenotyping of patients. We recruited 91 patients with BP ranging from low to hypertensive levels and compared BP values from the Aktiia Bracelet against auscultatory reference values for 4 weeks according to an extended ISO 81060-2 protocol. After initializing on day one, the observed means and standard deviations of differences for systolic BP were of 0.46 ± 7.75 mmHg in the sitting position, - 2.44 ± 10.15 mmHg in the lying, - 3.02 ± 6.10 mmHg in the sitting with the device on the lap, and - 0.62 ± 12.51 mmHg in the standing position. Differences for diastolic BP readings were respectively of 0.39 ± 6.86 mmHg, - 1.93 ± 7.65 mmHg, - 4.22 ± 6.56 mmHg and - 4.85 ± 9.11 mmHg. This study demonstrates that a wearable device can accurately estimate BP in the most common body positions compared to auscultation, although precision varies across positions. While wearable persistent BP monitors have the potential to facilitate the identification of individual BP phenotypes at scale, their prognostic value for cardiovascular events and its association with target organ damage will need cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Deploying this technology at a community level may be also useful to drive public health interventions against the epidemy of hypertension

Validation of the optical Aktiia bracelet in different body positions for the persistent monitoring of blood pressure.

The diagnosis of hypertension and the adjustment of antihypertensive drugs are evolving from isolated measurements performed at the physician offices to the full phenotyping of patients in real-life conditions. Indeed, the strongest predictor of cardiovascular risk comes from night measurements. The aim of this study was to demonstrate that a wearable device (the Aktiia Bracelet) can accurately estimate BP in the most common body positions of daily life and thus become a candidate solution for the BP phenotyping of patients. We recruited 91 patients with BP ranging from low to hypertensive levels and compared BP values from the Aktiia Bracelet against auscultatory reference values for 4 weeks according to an extended ISO 81060-2 protocol. After initializing on day one, the observed means and standard deviations of differences for systolic BP were of 0.46 ± 7.75 mmHg in the sitting position, - 2.44 ± 10.15 mmHg in the lying, - 3.02 ± 6.10 mmHg in the sitting with the device on the lap, and - 0.62 ± 12.51 mmHg in the standing position. Differences for diastolic BP readings were respectively of 0.39 ± 6.86 mmHg, - 1.93 ± 7.65 mmHg, - 4.22 ± 6.56 mmHg and - 4.85 ± 9.11 mmHg. This study demonstrates that a wearable device can accurately estimate BP in the most common body positions compared to auscultation, although precision varies across positions. While wearable persistent BP monitors have the potential to facilitate the identification of individual BP phenotypes at scale, their prognostic value for cardiovascular events and its association with target organ damage will need cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. Deploying this technology at a community level may be also useful to drive public health interventions against the epidemy of hypertension

Biosynthesis of glycosidase inhibitors on wheat bread wastes hydrolysate medium by Streptomyces sp. 170

ArticleThe aim of the present study is to investigate the potential effect of bread hydrolysate as a novel nutrient medium for cultivating Streptomyces sp. 170 (S.170). Moreover, it evaluates the productivity and inhibitory activity of pancreatic α-amylase inhibitors (PAAI). Bread hydrolysate medium (BHM) and corn starch hydrolysate medium (CHM) prepared with αamylase enzyme concentrations (1.5 and 2.5 units g -1 bread) and (1.5 units g -1 corn starch), respectively were utilized in the study. The Seherde-Blair and modified Akulova methods were applied to evaluate the carbohydrates concentration and the inhibitory activity of the media respectively. Results of bread and corn media were compared to each other. Furthermore, the activity of PAAI synthesized by S.170 was compared to other Streptomyces species. The results showed a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the total simple sugars (glucose + maltose) concentration produced in CHM (27.5%) and BHM prepared with α-amylase 1.5 units (45.1%). Besides, BHM produced by α-amylase 2.5 units demonstrated the maximum total concentration of simple sugars (49.9%). In addition, 48 h of S.170 incubation were quite enough to exhibit the highest inhibitory activity (2,632 IU mL-1 ) in BHM prepared with α-amylase 2.5 units. The analysis demonstrated a non-significant difference in the inhibitory activity of PAAI in CMH (1,300 IU mL-1 ) and BMH with α-amylase 1.5 units (1,111 IU mL-1 ). Also, compared to other Streptomyces species, S.170 conferred highly active PAAI. In conclusion, BHM showed its efficiency to a great extent in the cultivation of S.170 and production of PAAI with a notable high activity

Features of low-temperature storage of streptomyces strains - producers of glycosidaz inhibitors

The aim of the work is to study the inhibitory activity of the Streptomyces lucensis VKPM Ac-1743 and Streptomyces violaceus VKPM Ac-1734 strains stored at –18 °C in a 15 % glycerol solution and in a 0.9 % sodium chloride solution.The object of the study was the actinomycete strains of S. lucensis VKPM Ac-1743 and S. violaceus VKPM Ac-1734 producers of glycosidase inhibitor, which is a micro-ingredient for creating products with a low glycemic index. The storage time was nine months. Bookmark storage was performed by flushing with a taped agar starchcontaining environment of Capek. For comparison, we studied the properties of cultures stored at +4 °C without cryoprotectant.Deep cultivation of Streptomyces strains was carried out in a periodic manner on a medium containing corn starch hydrolyzate under the Multitron incubator shaker (INFORS,Switzerland).Inhibitory activity was determined in inactivated native solutions by a colorimetric method with respect to pancreatic α-amylase, a test glycosidase involved in carbohydrate metabolism, and whose activity was chosen as a criterion for assessing the hypoglycemic action of the inhibitor. The proteinase activity of the inactivated native solution was determined by a modified method using a casein substrate.The experimental data were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics and Excel XP programs.As a result of the research, it was established that the actinomycete strains of S. lucensis and S. violaceus, the producers of glycosidase inhibitors, can maintain inhibitory activity during low-temperature storage for nine months.For the S. lucensis actinomycete strain, stored in a 15 % glycerol solution at – 18 °C, the maximum inhibitory activity is 48 hours in the biotechnological process and is (3686 ± 300) IU/cm3 native solution, and for the violaceus strain – (3150 ± 200) IU/cm³ of the native solution, respectively.For the strain of actinomycete S. lucensis, stored in 0.9 % sodium chloride solution at a temperature of – 18 °C, the maximum inhibitory activity accounts for 72 h of the biotechnological process and is (2600 ± 200) IU/cm³ of the native solution, and for the strain S. violaceus the maximum inhibitory activity accounts for 24 hours of the biotechnological process and is (3530 ± 200) IU/cm³ of the native solution.At a storage temperature of +4 °C, the inhibitory activity for the strain of actinomycete S. lucensis is (560 ± 20) IU/cm³ of native solution, and for the strain of S. violaceus – (1747 ± 100) IU/cm³ of native solution, respectively. On the basis of the data obtained, it can be concluded that a temperature of –18 °C is preferred for long-term storage.During the cultivation of Streptomyces strains, proteinase activity ranged from (0,012 ± 0,001) U/cm³ to (0,072 ± 0,002) U/cm³.The obtained data can be applied in further studies to develop conditions for long-term storage of collection crops.The aim of the work is to study the inhibitory activity of the Streptomyces lucensis VKPM Ac-1743 and Streptomyces violaceus VKPM Ac-1734 strains stored at –18 °C in a 15 % glycerol solution and in a 0.9 % sodium chloride solution.The object of the study was the actinomycete strains of S. lucensis VKPM Ac-1743 and S. violaceus VKPM Ac-1734 producers of glycosidase inhibitor, which is a micro-ingredient for creating products with a low glycemic index. The storage time was nine months. Bookmark storage was performed by flushing with a taped agar starchcontaining environment of Capek. For comparison, we studied the properties of cultures stored at +4 °C without cryoprotectant.Deep cultivation of Streptomyces strains was carried out in a periodic manner on a medium containing corn starch hydrolyzate under the Multitron incubator shaker (INFORS,Switzerland).Inhibitory activity was determined in inactivated native solutions by a colorimetric method with respect to pancreatic α-amylase, a test glycosidase involved in carbohydrate metabolism, and whose activity was chosen as a criterion for assessing the hypoglycemic action of the inhibitor. The proteinase activity of the inactivated native solution was determined by a modified method using a casein substrate.The experimental data were processed using the methods of mathematical statistics and Excel XP programs.As a result of the research, it was established that the actinomycete strains of S. lucensis and S. violaceus, the producers of glycosidase inhibitors, can maintain inhibitory activity during low-temperature storage for nine months.For the S. lucensis actinomycete strain, stored in a 15 % glycerol solution at – 18 °C, the maximum inhibitory activity is 48 hours in the biotechnological process and is (3686 ± 300) IU/cm3 native solution, and for the violaceus strain – (3150 ± 200) IU/cm³ of the native solution, respectively.For the strain of actinomycete S. lucensis, stored in 0.9 % sodium chloride solution at a temperature of – 18 °C, the maximum inhibitory activity accounts for 72 h of the biotechnological process and is (2600 ± 200) IU/cm³ of the native solution, and for the strain S. violaceus the maximum inhibitory activity accounts for 24 hours of the biotechnological process and is (3530 ± 200) IU/cm³ of the native solution.At a storage temperature of +4 °C, the inhibitory activity for the strain of actinomycete S. lucensis is (560 ± 20) IU/cm³ of native solution, and for the strain of S. violaceus – (1747 ± 100) IU/cm³ of native solution, respectively. On the basis of the data obtained, it can be concluded that a temperature of –18 °C is preferred for long-term storage.During the cultivation of Streptomyces strains, proteinase activity ranged from (0,012 ± 0,001) U/cm³ to (0,072 ± 0,002) U/cm³.The obtained data can be applied in further studies to develop conditions for long-term storage of collection crops

Beta-glucans from biomass of plant and microbial origin

The aim of the present study is to explore the transformation of (1→3)(1→4)-β-D-glucans of rye biomass by Aspergills niger and accumulation of (1→3)(1→6)-β-D-glucans in the microbial cell wall.Biomass from rye grain was obtained as a result of enzymatic hydrolysis of grain grinding of Omsk region of non-standard quality with grain impurity content of 45 ± 2 % by preparations (1→4)-β-glucanolytic, (1→3)-β-glucanolytic, (1→4)-xylanolytic and (1→4)-amylolytic action. Fermentation of hydrolysates, sucrosemineral and molasses medium by A. niger was carried out by a batch process under aerobic conditions. Determined the content of β-glucans, amino-nitrogen, glucose, disaccharides in grinding grain rye, rye biomass, the biomass of A. niger, the supernatants by colorimetric methods. Determination of chitin in biomass and qualitative determination of chitosan in supernatants of hydrolysates was carried out using chitosan sulfate sample and subsequent microscopy.The results of the research showed that (1→3)(1→4)-β-D-glucans in grain grinding are 10.2 ± 0.2 % in terms of dry matter, which exceeds the content of polysaccharide in the grain of standard quality by 1.5 – 3 times. In rye biomass revealed their smaller amount, 6.4 ± 0.5 %, apparently, due to the action of (1→4)and (1→3)-β-glucanase, (1→4)-xylanase and (1→4)-amylase. In microbial mass A. niger content of (1→3)(1→6)-β-Dglucans were at the level of 21.7 ± 0.7 %.On the basis of the obtained results, it was concluded that it is possible to use rye grain of non-standard quality, with a high content of grain impurities and a low proportion of starch polysaccharides, as a source of β-glucancontaining substrate for biosynthesis (1→3)(1→6)-β-D-glucans by A. niger having advantages over (1→3) (1→4)-β-D-glucans of plant origin. They are functionally more active and have a wide range of applications, namely as food additives in the manufacture of a wide range of products: for the enrichment of fibers, increasing the shelf life of products due to its water-binding properties, as thickeners, emulsifying and fat-reducing microingredients, stabilizers of creamy emulsions, textureformers, flavor enhancers.The aim of the present study is to explore the transformation of (1→3)(1→4)-β-D-glucans of rye biomass by Aspergills niger and accumulation of (1→3)(1→6)-β-D-glucans in the microbial cell wall.Biomass from rye grain was obtained as a result of enzymatic hydrolysis of grain grinding of Omsk region of non-standard quality with grain impurity content of 45 ± 2 % by preparations (1→4)-β-glucanolytic, (1→3)-β-glucanolytic, (1→4)-xylanolytic and (1→4)-amylolytic action. Fermentation of hydrolysates, sucrosemineral and molasses medium by A. niger was carried out by a batch process under aerobic conditions. Determined the content of β-glucans, amino-nitrogen, glucose, disaccharides in grinding grain rye, rye biomass, the biomass of A. niger, the supernatants by colorimetric methods. Determination of chitin in biomass and qualitative determination of chitosan in supernatants of hydrolysates was carried out using chitosan sulfate sample and subsequent microscopy.The results of the research showed that (1→3)(1→4)-β-D-glucans in grain grinding are 10.2 ± 0.2 % in terms of dry matter, which exceeds the content of polysaccharide in the grain of standard quality by 1.5 – 3 times. In rye biomass revealed their smaller amount, 6.4 ± 0.5 %, apparently, due to the action of (1→4)and (1→3)-β-glucanase, (1→4)-xylanase and (1→4)-amylase. In microbial mass A. niger content of (1→3)(1→6)-β-Dglucans were at the level of 21.7 ± 0.7 %.On the basis of the obtained results, it was concluded that it is possible to use rye grain of non-standard quality, with a high content of grain impurities and a low proportion of starch polysaccharides, as a source of β-glucancontaining substrate for biosynthesis (1→3)(1→6)-β-D-glucans by A. niger having advantages over (1→3) (1→4)-β-D-glucans of plant origin. They are functionally more active and have a wide range of applications, namely as food additives in the manufacture of a wide range of products: for the enrichment of fibers, increasing the shelf life of products due to its water-binding properties, as thickeners, emulsifying and fat-reducing microingredients, stabilizers of creamy emulsions, textureformers, flavor enhancers

A Spectral Method for Generating Surrogate Graph Signals

The increasing availability of network data is leading to a growing interest in processing of signals on graphs. One notable tool for extending conventional signal-processing operations to networks is the graph Fourier transform that can be obtained as the eigendecomposition of the graph Laplacian. In this letter, we used the graph Fourier transform to define a new method for generating surrogate graph signals. The approach is based on sign-randomization of the graph Fourier coefficients and, therefore, the correlation structure of the surrogate graph signals (i.e., smoothness on the graph topology) is imposed by the measured data. The proposed method of surrogate data generation can be widely applied for nonparametric statistical hypothesis testing. Here, we showed a proof-of-concept with a high-density electroencephalography dataset

СОДЕРЖАНИЕ ПОНЯТИЯ «СИСТЕМА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КОНКУРЕНТОСПОСОБНОСТЬЮ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯ»

A competitiveness is a multilateral economic category which can be examined at different levels, as different on the nature objects can come forward as subjects of competitive activity: commodities, enterprises, industries, separate countries.Конкурентоспособность представляет собой многостороннюю экономическую категорию, которая может рассматриваться на различных уровнях, посколькувкачествесубъектовконкурентной борьбымогутвыступатьразличныепо своей природе объекты: товары, предприятия, отрасли, отдельные страны

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ ИНВЕРТАЗНОЙ АКТИВНОСТИ ПРИ ИЗМЕНЕНИИ ПАРАМЕТРОВ ПРОЦЕССА ФЕРМЕНТАЦИИ САХАРОЗОМИНЕРАЛЬНОЙ СРЕДЫ И ГИДРОЛИЗАТА КРАХМАЛА МИКРОМИЦЕТОМ Aspergillus niger

The studies found that strains of micromycete Aspergillus niger L-4 and B-3, producers of citric acid, can synthesize hydrolytic enzymes with invertase activity with a deep cultivation method on a sugar-mineral medium and medium based on starch hydrolysate. The most preferred regimes for conducting the biotechnological process are: the age of the inoculated mycelium is 24 h, the fermentation temperature for the sugar-mineral medium is32 °C and for starch hydrolysate is29 °C.For the Aspergillus niger strain L-4, the extracellular invertase activity for 120 h of the biotechnological process as a result of the fermentation of the sugar-mineral medium was (0,847 ± 0,068) u/cm3 of the native solution, and for strain B-3 — (0,966 ± 0,077) u/cm3 of the native solution, respectively.During fermentation of the medium, based on starch hydrolysate, extracellular invertase activity for strain L-4 was (1,379 ± 0,097) u/cm3 of native solution, and for strain B-3 — (1,597 ± 0,144) u/cm3 of native solution, respectively.The strains of the fungus Aspergillus niger L-4 and B-3 when cultivated on a sugar-mineral medium and medium, based on starch hydrolysate, have the ability to synthesize enzymes with invertase activity, the invertase activity of strain B-3 at the end of the process higher. The obtained data can be applied in further researches to develop a technology for the production of citric acid and invertase in one biotechnological process.В результате исследований установлено, что штаммы микромицета Aspergillus niger Л-4 и В-3 — продуценты лимонной кислоты могут синтезировать гидролитические ферменты с инвертазной активностью при глубинном способе культивирования на сахарозоминеральной среде и среде, на основе гидролизата крахмала. Наиболее предпочтительными режимами ведения биотехнологического процесса являются: возраст посевного мицелия — 24 ч, температура ферментации для сахарозоминеральной среды —32 °C и для гидролизата крахмала —29 °C.Для штамма микромицета Aspergillus niger Л-4 экстрацеллюлярная инвертазная активность на 120 ч биотехнологического процесса в результате ферментации сахарозоминеральной среды составляла (0,847 ± 0,068) ед/см3 нативного раствора, а для штамма В-3 — (0,966 ± 0,077) ед/см3 нативного раствора соответственно.при ферментации среды, на основе гидролизата крахмала, экстрацеллюлярная инвертазная активность для штамма Л-4 составляла (1,379 ± 0,097) ед/см3 нативного раствора, а для штамма В-3 — (1,597 ± 0,144) ед/ см3 нативного раствора соответственно.Штаммы гриба Aspergillus niger Л-4 и В-3 при культивировании на сахарозоминеральной среде и среде, на основе гидролизата крахмала, обладают способностью синтезировать ферменты с инвертазной активностью, причем инвертазная активность штамма В-3 в конце процесса выше. полученные данные могут быть применены в дальнейших исследованиях для разработки технологии получения лимонной кислоты и инвертазы в одном биотехнологическом процессе

The theme of childhood in the russian memoir: figures of speech used to reveal «a child's worldview»

The article provides a brief analysis of several memoirs touching upon childhood. It explores figures of speech (coordinative word-combination, turn-taking), experienced speech used by authors to portray a child faithfully and show peculiarities of «a child's world view»