Las cooperativas no agropecuarias y la transformación económica en Cuba: políticas, procesos y estrategias

La contribución de las cooperativas se ha puesto en evidencia desde la década del 70 como principal línea de desarrollo en la producción agropecuaria de Cuba. En contraste, el reconocimiento de las cooperativas urbanas ha sido tardío, aun cuando fuese percibida la necesidad de transformaciones basadas en la realización de la propiedad en diversos escenarios territoriales. El artículo analiza los procesos de reforma impulsados en Cuba desde la primera década de 2000 centrándose en las iniciativas tendientes a la promoción, constitución y desempeño de las cooperativas no agropecuarias (CNA). Se examina el potencial y limitaciones propias de las experiencias recientes para reflexionar sobre los procesos y transformaciones organizacionales desde la perspectiva de sus miembros. A modo de conclusión el análisis plantea interrogantes acerca de la aptitud de estas cooperativas para sustraerse del impacto de circunstancias anteriores y sobre su capacidad para consolidar estrategias diseñadas por los cooperadores que tiendan a fortalecer los principios de adhesión voluntaria y autonomía en que se fundan estas organizaciones

Organizaciones diferentes : la conceptualización del Tercer Sector

Fil: Vuotto, Mirta. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Económicas. Centro de Estudios de Sociología del Trabajo; Argentina.La insuficiente comprensión del fenómeno del Tercer Sector a fines de los 90 motivó un creciente\ninterés por precisar su perfil y condujo a la realización de un proyecto de la Universidad Johns\nHopkins. Ahí se considera al Tercer Sector integrado por organizaciones privadas, es decir que operan\nfuera del aparato estatal, y comportan cierto nivel de participación de voluntarios y/o de donantes,\npresentan algún grado de institucionalización, no reparten beneficios a sus miembros y\nadministradores, son independientes y sus integrantes adhieren libre y voluntariamente a ellas para\nalcanzar objetivos comunes

Reglas del juego y maneras de jugar: el caso del Banco Credicoop Cooperativo Limitado 1994-2000

The article examines the process of restructuring in the Argentinean financial system and the changes in its institutional configuration, after the Mexican crisis of December 1994. The effect of the regulations imposed by the Argentina Central Bank is shown, especially in the case of co-operative banking and the acceleration of the process of sell-offs to foreign firms and concentration of the system encouraged by the monetary authority itself. In this context, the article analyses the case of Banco Credicoop Cooperativo Limitado, one of the organisations that managed to overcome the 1994 crisis and substantially improve its positioning in the Argentine financial system. The text seeks to understand the way in which the bank consolidates its economic performance at the same time as strengthening its co-operative identity.Co-operatives, co-operatives banking, bank management, economic performance.

Non-agrocultural co-peratives and economy transformation in Cuba: politic processes and strategies

La contribución de las cooperativas se ha puesto en evidencia desde la década del 70 como principal línea de desarrollo en la producción agropecuaria de Cuba. En contraste, el reconocimiento de las cooperativas urbanas ha sido tardío, aun cuando fuese percibida la necesidad de transformaciones basadas en la realización de la propiedad en diversos escenarios territoriales. El artículo analiza los procesos de reforma impulsados en Cuba desde la primera década de 2000 centrándose en las iniciativas tendientes a la promoción, constitución y desempeño de las cooperativas no agropecuarias (CNA). Se examina el potencial y limitaciones propias de las experiencias recientes para reflexionar sobre los procesos y transformaciones organizacionales desde la perspectiva de sus miembros. A modo de conclusión el análisis plantea interrogantes acerca de la aptitud de estas cooperativas para sustraerse del impacto de circunstancias anteriores y sobre su capacidad para consolidar estrategias diseñadas por los cooperadores que tiendan a fortalecer los principios de adhesión voluntaria y autonomía en que se fundan estas organizaciones.Contribution of co-operatives has been demonstrated since the 1970s as the main development line in agricultural production in Cuba. In contrast, there has been a late recognition of urban co-operatives, even if the need of transformations based on the realization of property in different territorial scenarios had been identified. The article analyses the reform processes launched since the first decade of the 21st century focusing on the nature of the initiatives fostering formation and promotion of nonagricultural co-operatives including follow up of their performance. The potential and limitations of the recent experiences are examined in order to reflect on the organizational processes and transformations from the point of view of their members. To conclude, some questions are posed about whether these co-operatives are capable of avoiding the impact of earlier employment circumstances and of developing strategies aimed at reinforcing voluntary membership and autonomy on which they are founded

Non-agricultural co-operatives and economy trasformation in Cuba: Politics processes and estrategies

La contribución de las cooperativas se ha puesto en evidencia desde la década del 70 como principal línea de desarrollo en la producción agropecuaria de Cuba. En contraste, el reconocimiento de las cooperativas urbanas ha sido tardío, aun cuando fuese percibida la necesidad de transformaciones basadas en la realización de la propiedad en diversos escenarios territoriales. El artículo analiza los procesos de reforma impulsados en Cuba desde la primera década de 2000 centrándose en las iniciativas tendientes a la promoción, constitución y desempeño de las cooperativas no agropecuarias (CNA). Se examina el potencial y limitaciones propias de las experiencias recientes para reflexionar sobre los procesos y transformaciones organizacionales desde la perspectiva de sus miembros. A modo de conclusión el análisis plantea interrogantes acerca de la aptitud de estas cooperativas para sustraerse del impacto de circunstancias anteriores y sobre su capacidad para consolidar estrategias diseñadas por los cooperadores que tiendan a fortalecer los principios de adhesión voluntaria y autonomía en que se fundan estas organizaciones.Contribution of co-operatives has been demonstrated since the 1970s as the main development line in agricultural production in Cuba. In contrast, there has been a late recognition of urban co-operatives, even if the need of transformations based on the realization of property in different territorial scenarios had been identified. The article analyses the reform processes launched since the first decade of the 21st century focusing on the nature of the initiatives fostering formation and promotion of nonagricultural co-operatives including follow up of their performance. The potential and limitations of the recent experiences are examined in order to reflect on the organizational processes and transformations from the point of view of their members. To conclude, some questions are posed about whether these co-operatives are capable of avoiding the impact of earlier employment circumstances and of developing strategies aimed at reinforcing voluntary membership and autonomy on which they are founded.Escuela de Estudios CooperativosFac. de Ciencias Económicas y EmpresarialesTRUEpu

Property specification patterns at work: verification and inconsistency explanation

Property specification patterns (PSPs) have been proposed to ease the formalization of requirements, yet enable automated verification thereof. In particular, the internal consistency of specifications written with PSPs can be checked automatically with the use of, for example, linear temporal logic (LTL) satisfiability solvers. However, for most practical applications, the expressiveness of PSPs is too restricted to enable writing useful requirement specifications, and proving that a set of requirements is inconsistent can be worthless unless a minimal set of conflicting requirements is extracted to help designers to correct a wrong specification. In this paper, we extend PSPs by considering Boolean as well as atomic numerical assertions, we contribute an encoding from extended PSPs to LTL formulas, and we present an algorithm computing inconsistency explanations, i.e., irreducible inconsistent subsets of the original set of requirements. Our extension enables us to reason about the internal consistency of functional requirements which would not be captured by basic PSPs. Experimental results demonstrate that our approach can check and explain (in)consistencies in specifications with nearly two thousand requirements generated using a probabilistic model, and that it enables effective handling of real-world case studies

Examining the Effect of Fundamental Properties of Cement Hydration on Hydrostatic Pressure Reduction to Better Understand Stray Gas Migration

During wellbore cementing, stray gas migration may occur when a pressure imbalance exists within the hydrating cement slurry, where the pore pressure is less than that of the surrounding formation gas pressure. A fluid column of hydrating cement slurry with appropriate density will provide sufficient hydrostatic pressure to prevent formation gas from invading and migrating through the cemented column. As cement hydration progresses, slurry behavior gradually shifts from that of a liquid to an impermeable solid. This transition is associated with a reduction in hydrostatic pressure, potentially leaving the annulus susceptible to the invasion and migration of untargeted formation gas. The current industry approach relies on measurements of static gel strength of the hydrating cement slurry to define the period of gas migration susceptibility, which is referred to as transition time. The transition time is minimized to reduce gas migration potential; however, many limitations exist with this approach. In order to improve the understanding of gas migration susceptibility, a study was performed to accurately characterize hydrostatic pressure reduction within a cemented annulus using fundamental parameters, such as degree of hydration and capillary porosity. Laboratory tests were conducted using the University of Pittsburgh’s wellbore simulation chamber to simulate various depths of interest. By using fundamental parameters, microstructural development and cement material properties may be predicted at any time and depth along the wellbore and related to the occurrence of gas migration. This study shows that the development of hydration can be predicted as a function of the curing conditions, the mixture design, and the cement composition. Hydration can also be directly linked to strength and constitutive properties of the hydrating cement slurry

El proceso de digitalización de revistas académicas científicas en el campo de las ciencias sociales y humanidades en Argentina: situación y perspectiva

Initially the current reality of scientific publications for the area Social Sciences and Humanities in Argentina sector and its contrast with the regional and international context is analyzed ; establishing a direct relationship with the different models of assessment. Through an exploratory - descriptive study are evaluated , based on selected indicators , publications offered in digital format belonging to public universities in Argentina . The results describe weaknesses and absence of the sector, allowing boardings necessary to reflect on that channel a process of improvement. Finally possible lines of action to continue and deepen this research are proposed