First molecular-cytogenetic characterization of Fanconi anemia fragile sites in primary lymphocytes of FA-D2 patients in different stages of the disease

Background: Fanconi anemia (FA) is a chromosomal instability syndrome characterized by increased frequency of chromosomal breakages, chromosomal radial figures and accelerated telomere shortening. In this work we performed detailed molecular-cytogenetic characterization of breakpoints in primary lymphocytes of FA-D2 patients in different stages of the disease using fluorescent in situ hybridization. Results: We found that chromosomal breakpoints co-localize on the molecular level with common fragile sites, whereas their distribution pattern depends on the severity of the disease. Telomere quantitative fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed that telomere fusions and radial figures, especially radials which involve telomere sequences are the consequence of critically shortened telomeres that increase with the disease progression and could be considered as a predictive parameter during the course of the disease. Sex chromosomes in FA cells are also involved in radial formation indicating that specific X chromosome regions share homology with autosomes and also could serve as repair templates in resolving DNA damage. Conclusions: FA-D2 chromosomal breakpoints co-localize with common fragile sites, but their distribution pattern depends on the disease stage. Telomere fusions and radials figures which involve telomere sequences are the consequence of shortened telomeres, increase with disease progression and could be of predictive value

Stereospecific ligands and their complexes. Part XIV. Crystal structure of the O,O′-dipropyl ester of N,N′-1,2-ethanediylbis- -L-leucine, dihydrochloride

Bidentate N,N'-ligand precursor, O,O'-dipropyl ester of (S,S)- ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-2-(4-methyl)-pentanoic acid dihydrochloride, [(S,S)- H4eddl]Cl2, was prepared and its crystal structure is given herein. It crystallizes in a P42 space group of tetragonal crystal system with a = 16.5620 (2) Å, b = 16.5620 (2) Å, c = 5.2240 (1) Å and Z = 2.The authors are grateful for the financial support to the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia (Project No. 172016).Peer reviewe

In vitro antioxidant, cytotoxicity and chemical profile of different extracts from Acanthus hirsutus Boiss used in Anatolian folk medicine

Introduction: The traditional use of phyto remedies and natural products may indicate their pharmacological potential. Screening plant extracts to identify their active components has gained momentum with possible beneficial effects for public health. The aim of study was to assess and compare the biological properties of different extracts (methanolic, aqueous, and ethyl acetate) prepared from Acanthus hirsutus (AH), a traditionally used medicinal plant

Stereospecific ligands and their complexes. Part X: Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antitumoral activity of platinum(IV) complexes with O,O '-dialkyl-(S,S)-ethylenediamine-N,N '-di-2-(4-methyl)pentanoate ligands

Synthesis of four new platinum(IV) complexes 1-4, with bidentate N,N'-ligand precursors O,O'-dialkyl esters (alkyl = ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl and n-pentyl), of (S,S)-ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-2-(4-methyl)pentanoic acid dihydrochloride [(S,S)-H(4)eddl]Cl-2 were reported. The composition of the novel platinum complexes was determined by elemental analysis and characterizations were performed by infrared, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectroscopy. DFT calculations indicate formation one (R,R) from three possible diastereoisomers (S,S; R,S). Complexes 1-4 displayed potent anticancer activity. IC50 values range from 0.74 to 70 mu M, against tested cell lines, except for CLL cells. The antitumoral activity of 2-4 was found to be considerably stronger to Jurkat and K562. Cell cycle analysis of cell lines showed G1 arrest in the presence of analyzed complexes

Stereospecific ligands and their complexes. Part VII. Synthesis, characterization and in vitro antitumoral activity of platinum(II) complexes with O,O '-dialkyl esters of (S,S)-ethylenediamine-N,N '-di-2-(4-methyl)pentanoic acid

Platinum(II) complexes (1-4) with bidentate N,N'-ligands, O,O'-dialkyl esters (alkyl = ethyl, n-propyl, n-butyl and n-pentyl), of (S,S)-ethylenediamine-N,N'-di-2-(4-methyl)pentanoic acid were synthesized and characterized by IR, (1)H NMR and (13)C NMR spectroscopy and elemental analysis. DFT calculations were performed for the complexes and it was found that only one diastereoisomer could be formed. Cytotoxic activity of complexes 1-4 was determined against chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells (CLL) and compared to the activity of ligand precursors L1 center dot 2HCl-L4 center dot 2HCl and corresponding palladium(II) complexes, [PdCl(2)L] (L = L1-L4). The complexes were found to exhibit significantly higher antitumor activities than cisplatin on CLL cells. Cytotoxic effect of platinum(II) complexes on CLL cells was higher compared to corresponding palladium(II) complexes. In addition the mode of cell death induced by platinum(II) complexes was determined