SECURING CONFISCATION OF PECUNIARY GAIN ACQUIRED BY A CRIMINAL OFFENCE AND MINOR OFFENCE ON REAL ESTATE AND MOVABLES

Autori u radu analiziraju institut osiguranja oduzimanja imovinske koristi ostvarene kaznenim djelom i prekršajem kao posebnu vrstu osiguranja privremenim mjerama na pokretninama i nekretninama. Najprije se institut prikazuje s obzirom na posebna i opća pravila kojim je uređen. Potom se analiziraju ključna obilježja uređenja. Zaključno se uspoređuju posebna i opća pravila te prikazuju temeljne razlika u uređenju instituta prema pravilima ZPOIKOKDP-a u odnosu na uređenje prema pravilima OZ-a. Apostrofiraju se: a) pravni učinci koje proizvodi upis zabrane otuđenja i opterećenja nekretnine u posebnom režimu, b) posebna pravila o oduzimanja i povjeravanje na čuvanje nekretnine, c) vrijeme za koje se privremena mjera određuje u posebnom režimu, te d) izlučni prigovor.This paper analyzes the legislative regulation of securing the confiscation of pecuniary gain acquired through a criminal offence and minor offence as a special kind of security by interim measures on real estate and movables. The latter is illustrated by means of special and general rules by which it is governed. Thereafter, the key features of its legal structure are analyzed. Finally, the authors compare both special and general rules and demonstrate the underlying differences in the regulation of this concept under the Act on Confiscation of Pecuniary Gain Acquired by a Criminal or Minor Offence in relation to the regulation under the rules of the Croatian Execution Act. Special emphasis is placed on: a) legal effects produced by the entry of the prohibition of alienation and encumbrance of real estate in the special regime; b) special rules on seizing and entrusting the real estate to care; c) the period for which the interim measure is determined under a special regime and d) objections by a third party

SECURING CONFISCATION OF PECUNIARY GAIN ACQUIRED BY A CRIMINAL OFFENCE AND MINOR OFFENCE ON REAL ESTATE AND MOVABLES

Autori u radu analiziraju institut osiguranja oduzimanja imovinske koristi ostvarene kaznenim djelom i prekršajem kao posebnu vrstu osiguranja privremenim mjerama na pokretninama i nekretninama. Najprije se institut prikazuje s obzirom na posebna i opća pravila kojim je uređen. Potom se analiziraju ključna obilježja uređenja. Zaključno se uspoređuju posebna i opća pravila te prikazuju temeljne razlika u uređenju instituta prema pravilima ZPOIKOKDP-a u odnosu na uređenje prema pravilima OZ-a. Apostrofiraju se: a) pravni učinci koje proizvodi upis zabrane otuđenja i opterećenja nekretnine u posebnom režimu, b) posebna pravila o oduzimanja i povjeravanje na čuvanje nekretnine, c) vrijeme za koje se privremena mjera određuje u posebnom režimu, te d) izlučni prigovor.This paper analyzes the legislative regulation of securing the confiscation of pecuniary gain acquired through a criminal offence and minor offence as a special kind of security by interim measures on real estate and movables. The latter is illustrated by means of special and general rules by which it is governed. Thereafter, the key features of its legal structure are analyzed. Finally, the authors compare both special and general rules and demonstrate the underlying differences in the regulation of this concept under the Act on Confiscation of Pecuniary Gain Acquired by a Criminal or Minor Offence in relation to the regulation under the rules of the Croatian Execution Act. Special emphasis is placed on: a) legal effects produced by the entry of the prohibition of alienation and encumbrance of real estate in the special regime; b) special rules on seizing and entrusting the real estate to care; c) the period for which the interim measure is determined under a special regime and d) objections by a third party

Some Questions on the Regulation of Civil Servants Employment Status

Autori u radu, cijeneći posebnosti službeničkog odnosa i analizirajući upravno-sudsku praksu u radno-službeničkim predmetima, daju prikaz i analizu temeljnih zakonodavnih rješenja u dijelu odgovornosti za povrede službene dužnosti i cjelokupnoj zaštiti prava državnih službenika, te daju i konkretne prijedloge za poboljšanje postojeće pravne regulative. Zaključak je autora da je potrebno zadržati službeničke sudove i Visoki službenički sud jer su se ta tijela iskazala učinkovitošću i zakonitošću svojih odluka. Isto tako, potrebno je zadržati i Odbor za državnu službu kao neovisno i stručno tijelo čiju zakonitost odluka potvrđuje i upravno-sudska praksa, ali ga je potrebno kadrovski ekipirati i osloboditi ga od rješavanja predmeta radi isplate materijalnih prava prema Kolektivnom ugovoru za državne službenike i namještenike.The authors in this paper, respecting the specificities of civil service and analyzing the jurisprudence of the administrative courts that relates to the civil service labor matters, provide an overview and the analyze of the basic legislative solutions in the field of liability for the violation of official duty and the overall protection of the rights of civil servants, and present concrete suggestions for the improvement of the existing legal regulations. The authors conclude that it is necessary to keep the system of civil service tribunals and the superior civil service tribunal, due to demonstrated effectiveness of these bodies and legality of their decisions. Also, it is necessary to keep the Civil Service Board as an independent and professional body, due to the fact that legality of the decisions of the Board is recognized by related jurisprudence of administrative courts, but there is a need for fulfilling the personnel of the Board, as well as removing the matters of benefits provided by Collective agreement from its jurisdiction

Treatment of Supracondylar Humerus Fractures in Children: Minimal Possible Duration of Immobilization

In the period from January 1980 until December 1990 we treated 147 children and adolescents with supracondylar humerus fracture, and followed the outcome in 127 of them. Three (2.4%) patients had no displacement of fractured bones and were treated only with plaster cast immobilization. Twenty three (18.1%) underwent closed reduction of fragments and application of a plaster cast. The majority (97; 76.4%) required manual reduction and the fixation of segments with Kirschner\u27s wires laterally and medially. Four (3.1%) patients were treated with open reduction and fixation with Kirschner\u27s wires. Both plaster cast immobilization and fragment fixation with Kirschner\u27s wires lasted only 14 days and were immediately followed by rehabilitation. Such a short immobilization of extremities or fixation of fragments did not result in any complication. Of 56 children available for long-term follow-up, we achieved excellent treatment results in 43 (76.6%) of the patients, good and fair in 12 (21.5%), and a poor result in only 1 patient (1.8%). There were no permanent vascular or neurological complications apart from slight weakness of the ulnar nerve in 3 patients. In conclusion 14 days seemed to be the biological minimum of time needed for this type of fracture to heal in children and adolescents. Fixation of the fragments with Kirschner\u27s wires and immobilization of the extremity for only 14 days brings a significant reduction of total treatment expenses, avoids repeated x-ray examination, facilitates early physical therapy and returns the child to its family

SECURING CONFISCATION OF PECUNIARY GAIN ACQUIRED BY A CRIMINAL OFFENCE AND MINOR OFFENCE ON REAL ESTATE AND MOVABLES

Autori u radu analiziraju institut osiguranja oduzimanja imovinske koristi ostvarene kaznenim djelom i prekršajem kao posebnu vrstu osiguranja privremenim mjerama na pokretninama i nekretninama. Najprije se institut prikazuje s obzirom na posebna i opća pravila kojim je uređen. Potom se analiziraju ključna obilježja uređenja. Zaključno se uspoređuju posebna i opća pravila te prikazuju temeljne razlika u uređenju instituta prema pravilima ZPOIKOKDP-a u odnosu na uređenje prema pravilima OZ-a. Apostrofiraju se: a) pravni učinci koje proizvodi upis zabrane otuđenja i opterećenja nekretnine u posebnom režimu, b) posebna pravila o oduzimanja i povjeravanje na čuvanje nekretnine, c) vrijeme za koje se privremena mjera određuje u posebnom režimu, te d) izlučni prigovor.This paper analyzes the legislative regulation of securing the confiscation of pecuniary gain acquired through a criminal offence and minor offence as a special kind of security by interim measures on real estate and movables. The latter is illustrated by means of special and general rules by which it is governed. Thereafter, the key features of its legal structure are analyzed. Finally, the authors compare both special and general rules and demonstrate the underlying differences in the regulation of this concept under the Act on Confiscation of Pecuniary Gain Acquired by a Criminal or Minor Offence in relation to the regulation under the rules of the Croatian Execution Act. Special emphasis is placed on: a) legal effects produced by the entry of the prohibition of alienation and encumbrance of real estate in the special regime; b) special rules on seizing and entrusting the real estate to care; c) the period for which the interim measure is determined under a special regime and d) objections by a third party

The Advantages of End-to-Side Arteriovenous Anastomosis over the Other Two Types of Arteriovenous Anastomosis in Dialysis Patients

The functional duration of vascular access in dialysis patients depends on the emergence of threatening complications. Discussions are constantly being held in an attempt to discover their causality and decrease their emergence. In 260 patients undergoing haemodialysis, we have studied the potential existence of a cause-and-effect relation between the emergence of complications in the vascular access and the applied type of arteriovenous (av.) anastomosis in the arteriovenous (AV) fistula. We have observed the incidence of all complications, both that of the thrombosis incidence as well as the primary and secondary fistula patency (survival). The complications – The examinees with the end-to-end anastomosis showed the incidence of 8.08%, 6.15% of the patients with the end-to-side anastomosis and 7.31% of the patients with the side-to-side anastomosis. The differences regarding incidences are statistically significant ( 2-test = 29.25; P=0.0001). Thrombosis – it has been found that thrombosis was the most frequent complication developing in 30.00 % patients with the end-to-end av. anastomosis, in 2.31% patients with end-to-side av. anastomosis and in 5.56% patients with side-to-side av. anastomosis. The difference between the highest and the lowest assessment is 27.69%, and it is statistically relevant ( 2-test = 33.920; P=0.0001). The »primary patency« (primary survival): within a 6-month interval following the establishment of vascular access, the first complications arose in 62.50% of patients with end-to-end av. anastomosis, 10.76% in those with end-to-side av. anastomosis and 18.88% in those with side-to-side av. anastomosis. The difference between the highest and the lowest assessment is 51.74%, which is statistically significant ( 2-test = 49.009; P=0.0001). The secondary patency: 24 months subsequent to the establishment of vascular access, the AV-fistula was still functional in 52.50% of the patients with end-to-end av. anastomosis, 89.23% in those with end-to-side av. anastomosis and 81.11% in those with side-to-side av. anastomosis. The difference between the highest and the lowest assessment is 36.73%, which is also statistically significant ( 2-test = 26.579; P=0.0001). According to our research, the end- -to-side type of av. anastomosis in vascular access provides better results both in relation to the duration as well as the maintenance of the functionality of the Av-fistula and in the lower incidence of the complications than the other types, and hence it shows a definite advantage

The Validity of ESIN Method of Osteosynthesis Compared to other Active Surgical Methods of Treatment of Diaphyseal Fractures of Long Bones in Children and Adolescents

We investigated the relationship of efficiency in the application of the ESIN method of intramedullary osteosynthesis and other active surgical methods in the treatment of diaphyseal fractures of long bones in children and adolescents. The study comprised 100 subjects treated by elastic stable intramedullary osteosynthesis (ESIN – group A) and 50 subjects in whom other active surgical methods were applied (group B). The following criteria of efficiency of treatment were applied: 1. length of perioperative hospitalization, 2. time elapsed since the operation until the beginning of loading of the traumatized extremity, 3. time elapsed since the operation until the full loading of the extremity, i.e. until the recovery of the fracture, 4. incidence of complications, 5. number of post-operative outpatient clinical visits until the recovery of the fracture and 6. overall number of X-ray images of the fractured bone since the accident until the coalescence of the fracture. The results obtained in both groups were compared. 1. The length of perioperative hospitalization is shorter in patients in whom ESIN method was applied. The difference between arithmetic means was 4.45 days and is statistically significant (p<0.001). 2. The time between the operation until the beginning of loading of the extremity is shorter in patients subjected to ESIN method of osteosynthesis, the difference of mean values being 23.49 days and is statistically significant (p<0.001). 3. The time between the operation until the full loading of the extremity is shorter in patients subjected to ESIN method of osteosynthesis, the difference being 16.6 days and is statistically significant (p<0.001). 4. The number of complications in patients treated by the ESIN method of osteosynthesis is not statistically different from that in group B (÷ 2=0.25, p=0.62). 5. In postoperative period there were fewer outpatient controls in patients to whom ESIN method of osteosynthesis was applied, and the difference is statistically significant (Z=7.69, p<0.001). 6. Likewise, the overall number of X-ray controls was lesser (Z=8.06, p<0.001). The results of examining the above parameters point to a greater efficiency of treating diaphyseal fractures of long bones in children and adolescents by the ESIN method of osteosynthesis, compared to other active surgical methods

OUR EXPERIENCE IN THE TREATMENT OF LONG BONE SHAFT FRACTURES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS USING ELASTIC STABILE INTRAMEDULLARY NAILING (ECMES

U mnogim medicinskim centrima još uvijek prevladava konzervativan stav u liječenju koštanih prijeloma djece i adolescenata. Aktivne kirurške metode u tim se sredinama primjenjuju primarno samo u bolesnika s posebnim oblicima prijeloma i k tomu samo nekih kostiju ili nakon neuspjela primarnoga konzervativnog liječenja. Sve više se danas, ipak, nameÊu agresivnije kirurške metode u liječenju ovih ozljeda djece i mladih, koje umnogome skraćuju liječenje, pojeftinjuju ga, a život tijekom liječenja čine sno šljivijim. Metoda intramedularne stabilne elastične osteosinteze (ECMES) primjenjuje se uvelike u liječenju prijeloma dugih kostiju djece i mladih. Autori iznose rezultate liječenja 45 bolesnika dječje i adolescentne dobi liječenih ovom novom kirur¹kom metodom, obrazlaæu samu tehniku, njezinu primjenu i upućuju na njezine prednosti. U liječenju bolesnika ovom metodom nisu imali niti jedan primjer pseudoartroze, osteomielitisa ni osificirajuÊeg miozitisa. Srednja vrijednost bolničkog liječenja u promatranih bolesnika iznosila je 6,4 dana. Od osteosinteze do poËetka optereÊenja ili uporabe ekstremiteta proteklo je 4 do 10 dana (srednja vrijednost 6,6 dana), a do potpunog optereÊenja ili uporabe 4 do 14 (srednja vrijednost 10 dana). Sudjelovanje fizijatra u sveukupnom lijeËenju bolesnika svodilo se samo na prikaz privremene uporabe potpazušnih ili podlaktičnih štaka