УСТРОЙСТВО БЕСКОНТАКТНОГО ИЗМЕРЕНИЯ ТЕМПЕРАТУРЫ В ПИЩЕВОЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ

This article describes a device that allows contactless temperature measurement in heatchamber of food production with the use of infrared temperature sensors.Описано разработанное устройство для бесконтактного измерения температуры в термокамерах пищевых производств с использованием инфракрасных датчиков температуры

Blunted endogenous opioid release following an oral amphetamine challenge in pathological gamblers

Pathological gambling is a psychiatric disorder and the first recognized behavioral addiction, with similarities to substance use disorders but without the confounding effects of drug-related brain changes. Pathophysiology within the opioid receptor system is increasingly recognized in substance dependence, with higher mu-opioid receptor (MOR) availability reported in alcohol, cocaine and opiate addiction. Impulsivity, a risk factor across the addictions, has also been found to be associated with higher MOR availability. The aim of this study was to characterize baseline MOR availability and endogenous opioid release in pathological gamblers (PG) using [(11)C]carfentanil PET with an oral amphetamine challenge. Fourteen PG and 15 healthy volunteers (HV) underwent two [(11)C]carfentanil PET scans, before and after an oral administration of 0.5 mg/kg of d-amphetamine. The change in [(11)C]carfentanil binding between baseline and post-amphetamine scans (ΔBPND) was assessed in 10 regions of interest (ROI). MOR availability did not differ between PG and HV groups. As seen previously, oral amphetamine challenge led to significant reductions in [(11)C]carfentanil BPND in 8/10 ROI in HV. PG demonstrated significant blunting of opioid release compared with HV. PG also showed blunted amphetamine-induced euphoria and alertness compared with HV. Exploratory analysis revealed that impulsivity positively correlated with caudate baseline BPND in PG only. This study provides the first evidence of blunted endogenous opioid release in PG. Our findings are consistent with growing evidence that dysregulation of endogenous opioids may have an important role in the pathophysiology of addictions

DEVICE FOR NONCONTACT TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY

This article describes a device that allows contactless temperature measurement in heatchamber of food production with the use of infrared temperature sensors

Educational environment ecology as factor of university teacher health saving in context of education and science reforms in modern russia

© Foundation Environmental Protection & Research-FEPR. The relevance of the article is because the modern era of globalization and rapid digital development requires timely transformation of all social institutions, including the Institute of higher education, which in turn entails a change in the environment of the educational environment for University teachers themselves, which affects their health, workload and personal life. The article considers the ecology of the educational environment as a factor of health saving of teachers in the conditions of reforming education and science. It is shown that in the modern University in the conditions of reform the ecology of the educational environment for teachers is violated: in universities there are no conditions necessary to find a certain balance that would allow quickly and easily perform the full range of diverse tasks facing teachers, there are no formed templates, programs that would simplify the process of working with electronic document circulation. Now, all the requirements set by the management only complicate, not optimize the work of teachers, which in turn violates the ecology of the educational environment of teachers. It is determined that most of their working time teachers spend not on teaching and working with students, but on electronic document management, filling out various types of papers, working with a computer both for themselves and for senior colleagues. It is revealed that in the personal system of teachers’ values in the priority of the activities that are most expected within the declared profession are research, getting into various ratings, professional growth, as well as teaching and working with students. The article also shows the forms of teachers’ activity at the University (teaching, work with students, research, administrative work, and work with electronic documents). The data obtained in the work can be used in the psychology of labor, social psychology, pedagogy, psychology of education, as well as for further theoretical development of this issue

Neuroanatomical Correlates of Social Intelligence Measured by the Guilford Test

Social interactions are a crucial aspect of human behaviour. Numerous neurophysiological studies have focused on socio-cognitive processes associated with the so-called theory of mind—the ability to attribute mental states to oneself and others. Theory of mind is closely related to social intelligence defined as a set of abilities that facilitate effective social interactions. Social intelligence encompasses multiple theory of mind components and can be measured by the Four Factor Test of Social Intelligence (the Guilford-Sullivan test). However, it is unclear whether the differences in social intelligence are reflected in structural brain differences. During the experiment, 48 healthy right-handed individuals completed the Guilford-Sullivan test. T1-weighted structural MRI images were obtained for all participants. Voxel-based morphometry analysis was performed to reveal grey matter volume differences between the two groups (24 subjects in each)—with high social intelligence scores and with low social intelligence scores, respectively. Participants with high social intelligence scores had larger grey matter volumes of the bilateral caudate. The obtained results suggest the caudate nucleus involvement in the neural system of socio-cognitive processes, reflected by its structural characteristics