Dynamical lattice instability versus spin liquid state in a frustrated spin chain system

The low-dimensional s=1/2 compound (NO)[Cu(NO3)3] has recently been suggested to follow the Nersesyan-Tsvelik model of coupled spin chains. Such a system shows unbound spinon excitations and a resonating valence bond ground state due spin frustration. Our Raman scattering study demonstrates phonon anomalies as well as the suppression of a broad magnetic scattering continuum for temperatures below a characteristic temperature, T<T*=100K. We interpret these effects as evidence for a dynamical interplay of spin and lattice degrees of freedom that might lead to a further transition into a dimerized or structurally distorted phase at lower temperatures.Comment: 5 pages, 6 figure

Radiography of the Earth's Core and Mantle with Atmospheric Neutrinos

A measurement of the absorption of neutrinos with energies in excess of 10 TeV when traversing the Earth is capable of revealing its density distribution. Unfortunately, the existence of beams with sufficient luminosity for the task has been ruled out by the AMANDA South Pole neutrino telescope. In this letter we point out that, with the advent of second-generation kilometer-scale neutrino detectors, the idea of studying the internal structure of the Earth may be revived using atmospheric neutrinos instead.Comment: 4 pages, LaTeX file using RevTEX4, 2 figures and 1 table included. Matches published versio

The incarnation of the Nersesyan-Tsvelik model in (NO)[Cu(NO3)3]

The topology of the magnetic interactions of the copper spins in the nitrosonium nitratocuprate (NO)[Cu(NO3)3] suggests that it could be a realization of the Nersesyan-Tsvelik model, whose ground state was argued to be either a resonating valence bond (RVB) state or a valence bond crystal (VBC). The measurement of thermodynamic and resonant properties reveals a behavior inherent to low dimensional spin S = 1/2 systems and provides indeed no evidence for the formation of long-range magnetic order down to 1.8 K.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure

ЗМІСТ ТА ТЕХНОЛОГІЇ ПІДГОТОВКИ МАЙБУТНІХ УЧИТЕЛІВ ДО ЗДІЙСНЕННЯ НЕВЕРБАЛЬНОЇ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ

The semantic and technological components of preparation of future teachers for the realization of unverbal communication are grounded.Обоснованы смысловой и технологический компоненты подготовки будущих учите­лей к осуществлению невербальной коммуникации.Обґрунтовано змістовий та технологічний компоненти підготовки майбутніх учителів до здійснення невербальної комунікації

Impact of decisions of European court upon legal system of Ukraine

Аналізується питання щодо необхідності приведення українського права у відповідність з нормами та принципами міжнародного права — тенденції, що особливо виявила себе після підписання політичної та економічної частини частини Угоди про асоціацію між Європейським Союзом і Україною. Розглядається діяльність Європейського суду з прав людини та вплив даної міжнародної інституції на національну судову практику і сприяння її дотриманню основних прав і свобод людини. Обговорюється вплив рішень Європейського Суду на правову систему України, що потребує реформацій не лише на рівні захисту прав і свобод людини, а й на рівні інституційних змін. Йдеться, зокрема, що певні рішення системи судоустрою і юрисдикції судів України викликають сумнів щодо відповідності положенням Європейській конвенції з прав людини. Зазначається, що правотворчий вплив Суду на українське право виявляється у багатьох аспектах, включаючи принцип автономності термінів та концепцій, що їх використано у тексті Конвенції. Новим для України став інститут апеляційних судів, який розглядається Європейським Судом як один з ефективних засобів захисту прав людини в більшості держав-членів Ради Європи.It is analyzed the question about necessity of bringing Ukrainian law into conformity with the norms and principles of international law — the tendency which especially revealed itself after signing the political and economic part of the Association Agreement between the European Union and Ukraine. It is considered the activity of the European Court of Human Rights and the influence of this international institution on a national jurisprudence and the promotion of fundamental human rights and freedoms. Discussion is given on the impact of the European Court of Human Rights on the legal system of Ukraine which is of need to be reformed not only upon protection of human rights and freedoms, but also at the institutional level. It s said in particular in this respect, that certain decisions of the judicial system of Ukraine and the jurisdiction of the courts cast doubt according to European Convention on Human Rights. It is noted legislative impact of the European Court on the Ukrainian law in different spheres, including the principle of autonomy of the terms and concepts used in the text of the Convention. New for Ukraine became the Institute of appellate courts which is seen by the European Court as one of the most effective means of protecting human rights in most of the members of the Council of Europe.Анализируется вопрос о необходимости приведения украинского права в соответствие с нормами и принципами международного права — тенденции, которая особенно проявила себя после подписания политической и экономической части Соглашения об ассоциации между Европейским Союзом и Украиной. Рассматривается деятельность Европейского суда по правам человека и влияние данной международной институции на национальную судебную практику и содействие ее соблюдению основных прав и свобод человека. Обсуждается влияние решений Европейского суда на правовую систему Украины которая требует реформации не только на уровне защиты прав и свобод человека, но и на уровне институциональных изменений. Указывается, в частности, что определенные решения системы судоустройства Украины и юрисдикции судов вызывают сомнение относительно положений Европейской конвенции по правам человека. Отмечается, что правотворческое влияние Суда на украинское право проявляется во многих аспектах, включая принцип автономности терминов и концепций, которые использованы в тексте Конвенции. Новым для Украины стал институт апелляционных судов, который рассматривается Европейским судом как один из эффективных средств защиты прав человека в большинстве государств-членов Совета Европы

Magnetoelectric ordering of BiFeO3 from the perspective of crystal chemistry

In this paper we examine the role of crystal chemistry factors in creating conditions for formation of magnetoelectric ordering in BiFeO3. It is generally accepted that the main reason of the ferroelectric distortion in BiFeO3 is concerned with a stereochemical activity of the Bi lone pair. However, the lone pair is stereochemically active in the paraelectric orthorhombic beta-phase as well. We demonstrate that a crucial role in emerging of phase transitions of the metal-insulator, paraelectric-ferroelectric and magnetic disorder-order types belongs to the change of the degree of the lone pair stereochemical activity - its consecutive increase with the temperature decrease. Using the structural data, we calculated the sign and strength of magnetic couplings in BiFeO3 in the range from 945 C down to 25 C and found the couplings, which undergo the antiferromagnetic-ferromagnetic transition with the temperature decrease and give rise to the antiferromagnetic ordering and its delay in regard to temperature, as compared to the ferroelectric ordering. We discuss the reasons of emerging of the spatially modulated spin structure and its suppression by doping with La3+.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures, 3 table

Prompt neutrino fluxes from atmospheric charm

We calculate the prompt neutrino flux from atmospheric charm production by cosmic rays, using the dipole picture in a perturbative QCD framework, which incorporates the parton saturation effects present at high energies. We compare our results with the next-to-leading order perturbative QCD result and find that saturation effects are large for neutrino energies above 10^6 GeV, leading to a substantial suppression of the prompt neutrino flux. We comment on the range of prompt neutrino fluxes due to theoretical uncertainties.Comment: 13 pages with 11 figures; expanded discussion, added references, version to be published in Phys. Rev.

Crystal chemistry aspects of the magnetically induced ferroelectricity in TbMn2O5 and BiMn2O5

The origin of magnetic frustration was stated and the ions whose shift is accompanied by emerging magnetic ordering and ferroelectricity in TbMn2O5 and BiMn2O5 were determined on the basis of calculation of magnetic coupling parameters by using the structural data. The displacements accompanying the magnetic ordering are not polar, they just induce changes of bond valence (charge disordering) of Mn1 and Mn2, thus creating instability of the crystal structure. To approximate again the bond valence to the initial value (charge ordering) under magnetic ordering conditions is possible only due to polar displacement of Mn2 (or O1) and O4 ions along the b axis that is the cause of ferroelectric transition.Comment: 17 pages, 3 figures, 5 table

Characteristics of immune-active and immune-silent phenotypes of early-stage cervical carcinoma as revealed by transcriptome sequencing

Molecular classification, immuneheterogeneity, and the existence of distinct immunophenotypes of virus-associated cervical cancer (CeCa) remain as-yet weakly explored issues, and this is particularly true of its earliest clinical stages and pre-invasive forms: cervical intraepithelial neoplastic (CIN) lesions. The goal of the study was to identify transcriptomic landscapes of invasive CeCa at its initial progression that differ substantially in their immune-related characteristics, patterns of signaling pathways and composition of the microenvironment. Transcriptome profiling was carried out using RNA-sequencing on Illumina platform. A panel of surgical-derived tissue samples comprised human papillomavirus-positive CIN grade 1-3, cancer of FIGO IA1-IIB stages, and morphologically normal epithelium. Transcriptomic profiles were analyzed with the use of bioinformatics tools, such as gene set enrichment (GAGE) for signaling pathways, xCell enrichment for cell composition identification, and PREDA positional analysis of genomic data. Hierarchical clustering revealed heterogeneity of transcriptomic profiles within the early-stage CeCa, namely, the existence of two clusters of tumor samples and three functional patterns of genes showing coordinately altered expression. Pathway enrichment analysis on genes differently expressed between the two clusters/groups of CeCa samples (‘A' and ‘B') and CIN (group ‘C') suggested that invasive tumor progression in groups ‘A' and ‘B' might rely on immunologically dissimilar mechanisms. xCell analysis confirmed heterogeneity of changes in the abundancies of cell populations when comparing CeCa sample groups and CIN, along with differences in immune and stromal scores. PREDA demonstrated that these transcriptomic differences could be linked to different chromosomal regions and co-localized with particular gene families and potentially the reported virus integration hotspots. Overall, the existence and detectability of different transcriptomic immune-based phenotypes of invasive CeCa at its initial stages of progression is shown, which may provide new options to broaden the knowledge and applicability of target and immune anti-cancer therapy

Quasiparticle dynamics and phonon softening in FeSe superconductors

Quasiparticle dynamics of FeSe single crystals revealed by dual-color transient reflectivity measurements ({\Delta}R/R) provides unprecedented information on Fe-based superconductors. The amplitude of fast component in {\Delta}R/R clearly tells a competing scenario between spin fluctuations and superconductivity. Together with the transport measurements, the relaxation time analysis further exhibits anomalous changes at 90 K and 230 K. The former manifests a structure phase transition as well as the associated phonon softening. The latter suggests a previously overlooked phase transition or crossover in FeSe. The electron-phonon coupling constant {\lambda} is found to be 0.16, identical to the value of theoretical calculations. Such a small {\lambda} demonstrates an unconventional origin of superconductivity in FeSe.Comment: Final published version; 5 pages; 4 figure