14 research outputs found
Momentum-Resolved Tunneling into Fractional Quantum Hall Edges
Tunneling from a two-dimensional contact into quantum-Hall edges is
considered theoretically for a case where the barrier is extended, uniform, and
parallel to the edge. In contrast to previously realized tunneling geometries,
details of the microscopic edge structure are exhibited directly in the voltage
and magnetic-field dependence of the differential tunneling conductance. In
particular, it is possible to measure the dispersion of the edge-magnetoplasmon
mode, and the existence of additional, sometimes counterpropagating,
edge-excitation branches could be detected.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, RevTex
The Fermi Liquid as a Renormalization Group Fixed Point: the Role of Interference in the Landau Channel
We apply the finite-temperature renormalization-group (RG) to a model based
on an effective action with a short-range repulsive interaction and a rotation
invariant Fermi surface. The basic quantities of Fermi liquid theory, the
Landau function and the scattering vertex, are calculated as fixed points of
the RG flow in terms of the effective action's interaction function. The
classic derivations of Fermi liquid theory, which apply the Bethe-Salpeter
equation and amount to summing direct particle-hole ladder diagrams, neglect
the zero-angle singularity in the exchange particle-hole loop. As a
consequence, the antisymmetry of the forward scattering vertex is not
guaranteed and the amplitude sum rule must be imposed by hand on the components
of the Landau function. We show that the strong interference of the direct and
exchange processes of particle-hole scattering near zero angle invalidates the
ladder approximation in this region, resulting in temperature-dependent
narrow-angle anomalies in the Landau function and scattering vertex. In this RG
approach the Pauli principle is automatically satisfied. The consequences of
the RG corrections on Fermi liquid theory are discussed. In particular, we show
that the amplitude sum rule is not valid.Comment: 25 pages, RevTeX 3.
Conductance oscillations in strongly correlated fractional quantum Hall line junctions
We present a detailed theory of transport through line junctions formed by
counterpropagating single-branch fractional-quantum-Hall edge channels having
different filling factors. Intriguing transport properties are exhibited when
strong Coulomb interactions between electrons from the two edges are present.
Such strongly correlated line junctions can be classified according to the
value of an effective line-junction filling factor n that is the inverse of an
even integer. Interactions turn out to affect transport most importantly for
n=1/2 and n=1/4. A particularly interesting case is n=1/4 corresponding to,
e.g., a junction of edge channels having filling factor 1 and 1/5,
respectively. We predict its differential tunneling conductance to oscillate as
a function of voltage. This behavior directly reflects the existence of novel
Majorana-fermion quasiparticle excitations in this type of line junction.
Experimental accessibility of such systems in current cleaved-edge overgrown
samples enables direct testing of our theoretical predictions.Comment: 2 figures, 10 pages, RevTex4, v2: added second figure for clarit
Fractional-quantum-Hall edge electrons and Fermi statistics
We address the quantum statistics of electrons created in the low-energy
edge-state Hilbert space sector of incompressible fractional quantum Hall
states, considering the possibility that they may not satisfy Fermi statistics.
We argue that this property is not a priori obvious, and present numerical
evidence based on finite-size exact-diagonalization calculations that it does
not hold in general. We discuss different possible forms for the expression for
the electron creation operator in terms of edge boson fields and show that none
are consistent with our numerical results on finite-size filling-factor-2/5
states with short-range electron-electron interactions. Finally, we discuss the
current body of experimental results on tunneling into quantum Hall edges in
the context of this result.Comment: 9 pages, 1 figure, RevTex
New coating systems based on vinyl ether- and oxetane-modified hyperbranched polyesters
A series of hyperbranched aliphatic-aromatic polyesters has been synthesized which contain vinyl ether or oxetane functionalities as curable groups. We investigated the curing behavior of these multifunctional polymers in the presence of reactive diluents in order to analyze the possibility of their application in high solids coatings. The vinyl ether-modified hyperbranched polyesters with a high degree of modification yield the best coatings. Furthermore, coating systems containing vinyl ether-modified hyperbranched polyesters and triethyleneglycol divinyl ether (DVE-3) as reactive diluent showed a better performance compared to those containing 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether (HBVE). Real time FT-IR studies revealed a high conversion of functional groups (76%) for the cationic curing with DVE-3. On the other hand, the curing reaction of the functional hyperbranched polymers without the presence of any reactive diluent stopped at 32% conversion of functional groups due to the reduced mobility of the polymer. The vinyl ether-modified hyperbranched polyester could be cured also radically in the presence of diethyl maleate (DEM) as reactive diluent, whereas the curing of the oxetane-modified polyesters was very slow and incomplete in all attempts.
Blends of Amphiphilic, Hyperbranched Polyesters and Different Polyolefins
A hyperbranched polyester based on 3,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid was completely modified with dodecanoyl chloride to result in an amphiphilic, globular polymer, which has a polar core and a nonpolar outer sphere with the ability both to incorporate an organic dye and to interact with a nonpolar matrix. A series of blends were prepared using either polypropylene or polyethylene (HDPE) as the matrix. The content of the polyester as disperse phase was varied between 0.05 and 20 wt %. The blends with polyester contents up to 5% were prepared for colorization of polyolefins using the polyester as a dye carrier. The blends with higher polyester contents were prepared in order to investigate the influence of the hyperbranched material on the material properties. The blends exhibited a heterogeneous morphology with very small particle sizes even at high polyester concentrations. The melt rheology measurements resulted in a reduced complex viscosity for both polyolefins when the hyperbranched polyester was added. The observed melt viscosity of the i-PP blends deviated from the linear mixing rule, whereas the HDPE blends followed it. The use of amphiphilic hyperbranched polyesters as dye carriers allowed a homogeneous distribution of an organic dye in a polyolefin matrix with similar dynamic-mechanical behavior of the blends compared to the case of pure polyolefins. The dyed samples exhibited good stability in extraction experiments.