432 research outputs found
Approaching the Ground State of Frustrated A-site Spinels: A Combined Magnetization and Polarized Neutron Scattering Study
We re-investigate the magnetically frustrated, {\it
diamond-lattice-antiferromagnet} spinels FeAlO and MnAlO using
magnetization measurements and diffuse scattering of polarized neutrons. In
FeAlO, macroscopic measurements evidence a "cusp" in zero field-cooled
susceptibility around 13~K. Dynamic magnetic susceptibility and {\it memory
effect} experiments provide results that do not conform with a canonical
spin-glass scenario in this material. Through polarized neutron scattering
studies, absence of long-range magnetic order down to 4~K is confirmed in
FeAlO. By modeling the powder averaged differential magnetic neutron
scattering cross-section, we estimate that the spin-spin correlations in this
compound extend up to the third nearest-neighbour shell. The estimated value of
the Land\'{e} factor points towards orbital contributions from Fe.
This is also supported by a Curie-Weiss analysis of the magnetic
susceptibility. MnAlO, on the contrary, undergoes a magnetic phase
transition into a long-range ordered state below 40~K, which is
confirmed by macroscopic measurements and polarized neutron diffraction.
However, the polarized neutron studies reveal the existence of prominent
spin-fluctuations co-existing with long-range antiferromagnetic order. The
magnetic diffuse intensity suggests a similar short range order as in
FeAlO. Results of the present work supports the importance of spin-spin
correlations in understanding magnetic response of frustrated magnets like
-site spinels which have predominant short-range spin correlations
reminiscent of the "spin liquid" state.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, double-column, accepted in Phys. Rev. B, 201
Structural and magnetic properties of ErTbmultilayers
Abstract.: We have investigated the structural and magnetic properties of Er|Tb multilayers by different scattering methods. Diffuse X-ray scattering under grazing incidence reveals the interface structure in Er|Tb bilayers and trilayers, indicating vertically correlated roughness between the Er and Tb interfaces. The magnetic properties of ErnEr|TbnTb superlattices have been studied as a function of the superlattice composition (indices denote the number of atomic layers). Coupled ferromagnetic structures exist in all investigated samples. The phase transition temperature varies with the Tb layer thickness. Modulated magnetic order is short range for all samples beside the Er20|Tb5 superlattice, the sample with the smallest Tb layer thickness. We observe dipolar antiferromagnetic coupling between single ferromagnetic Tb layers in all samples, with the onset of this ordering depending on the Tb layer thickness. Due to competing interactions, exchange coupling is limited to the interface near region. Therefore long range modulated magnetic order is observed in the Er20|Tb5 superlattice only, where the interface regions overlap. The distinct differences to the magnetic structure of an Er0.8Tb0.2 alloy film are explained by a highly anisotropic arrangement of neighbouring atoms due to the correlated roughnes
Approaching the Ground State of Frustrated A-site Spinels: A Combined Magnetization and Polarized Neutron Scattering Study
We re-investigate the magnetically frustrated, {\it
diamond-lattice-antiferromagnet} spinels FeAlO and MnAlO using
magnetization measurements and diffuse scattering of polarized neutrons. In
FeAlO, macroscopic measurements evidence a "cusp" in zero field-cooled
susceptibility around 13~K. Dynamic magnetic susceptibility and {\it memory
effect} experiments provide results that do not conform with a canonical
spin-glass scenario in this material. Through polarized neutron scattering
studies, absence of long-range magnetic order down to 4~K is confirmed in
FeAlO. By modeling the powder averaged differential magnetic neutron
scattering cross-section, we estimate that the spin-spin correlations in this
compound extend up to the third nearest-neighbour shell. The estimated value of
the Land\'{e} factor points towards orbital contributions from Fe.
This is also supported by a Curie-Weiss analysis of the magnetic
susceptibility. MnAlO, on the contrary, undergoes a magnetic phase
transition into a long-range ordered state below 40~K, which is
confirmed by macroscopic measurements and polarized neutron diffraction.
However, the polarized neutron studies reveal the existence of prominent
spin-fluctuations co-existing with long-range antiferromagnetic order. The
magnetic diffuse intensity suggests a similar short range order as in
FeAlO. Results of the present work supports the importance of spin-spin
correlations in understanding magnetic response of frustrated magnets like
-site spinels which have predominant short-range spin correlations
reminiscent of the "spin liquid" state.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, double-column, accepted in Phys. Rev. B, 201
Dynamic response of a cracked atomic force microscope cantilever used for nanomachining
The vibration behavior of an atomic force microscope [AFM] cantilever with a crack during the nanomachining process is studied. The cantilever is divided into two segments by the crack, and a rotational spring is used to simulate the crack. The two individual governing equations of transverse vibration for the cracked cantilever can be expressed. However, the corresponding boundary conditions are coupled because of the crack interaction. Analytical expressions for the vibration displacement and natural frequency of the cracked cantilever are obtained. In addition, the effects of crack flexibility, crack location, and tip length on the vibration displacement of the cantilever are analyzed. Results show that the crack occurs in the AFM cantilever that can significantly affect its vibration response
Investigation of search points for the point of maximum power for the increasing signal inverter voltage transducer
Analytical solutions for two heteronuclear atoms in a ring trap
We consider two heteronuclear atoms interacting with a short-range
potential and confined in a ring trap. By taking the Bethe-ansatz-type
wavefunction and considering the periodic boundary condition properly, we
derive analytical solutions for the heteronuclear system. The eigen-energies
represented in terms of quasi-momentums can then be determined by solving a set
of coupled equations. We present a number of results, which display different
features from the case of identical atoms. Our result can be reduced to the
well-known Lieb-Liniger solution when two interacting atoms have the same
masses.Comment: 6 pages, 6 figure
Recent results from Pb-Au collisions at 158 GeV/c per nucleon obtained with the CERES spectrometer
During the 1996 lead run time, CERES has accumulated 42 million events,
corresponding to a factor of 5 more statistics than in 1995 and 2.5 million
events of a special photon-run. We report on the results of the low-mass
ee-pair analysis. Since the most critical item is the poor
signal-to-background ratio we also discuss the understanding of this
background, in absolute terms, with the help of a detailed Monte Carlo
simulation. We show preliminary results of the photon analysis and summarize
the results of the hadron analysis preliminarily reported on already at QM'97Comment: 10 pages, 9 figures, Proceedings of the XIV Int. Conf. on
Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions,Quark Matter 99, Torino, Italy, May 10 - 15, 199
Design principles for riboswitch function
Scientific and technological advances that enable the tuning of integrated regulatory components to match network and system requirements are critical to reliably control the function of biological systems. RNA provides a promising building block for the construction of tunable regulatory components based on its rich regulatory capacity and our current understanding of the sequence–function relationship. One prominent example of RNA-based regulatory components is riboswitches, genetic elements that mediate ligand control of gene expression through diverse regulatory mechanisms. While characterization of natural and synthetic riboswitches has revealed that riboswitch function can be modulated through sequence alteration, no quantitative frameworks exist to investigate or guide riboswitch tuning. Here, we combined mathematical modeling and experimental approaches to investigate the relationship between riboswitch function and performance. Model results demonstrated that the competition between reversible and irreversible rate constants dictates performance for different regulatory mechanisms. We also found that practical system restrictions, such as an upper limit on ligand concentration, can significantly alter the requirements for riboswitch performance, necessitating alternative tuning strategies. Previous experimental data for natural and synthetic riboswitches as well as experiments conducted in this work support model predictions. From our results, we developed a set of general design principles for synthetic riboswitches. Our results also provide a foundation from which to investigate how natural riboswitches are tuned to meet systems-level regulatory demands
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