De heelkundige behandeling van tepel- en uieraandoeningen bij het rund, deel II : stenosen, incontinentia lactis, uieramputatie, tumoren, hematoom

This review article especially features the surgical treatment of udder and teat lesions in cattle. In part I anatomical specificities and different anesthetic techniques were described. Surgical treatment of supernumerary teats, accessory teats and teat fistulas was discussed. Most attention was paid to etiology, examination, prognosis, treatment and prophylaxis of teat wounds. In this part teat stenosis, leaking teat, mastectomy and hemimastectomy, mammary tumours and pre- and intramammary haematoma are reported. The treatment of teat canal obstructions is discussed in depth. The conservative treatment and the surgical treatment through the teat canal orifice or by thelotomy are described

Tandheelkunde bij het paard in de 21e eeuw, deel 1 : afwijkingen van het paardengebit

Horse owners and veterinary surgeons have become aware of the necessity of performing regular dental check-ups in the horse. This has led to the understanding that the prevalence of dental pathology can be very high. In the last decade, equine dentistry has undergone an enormous progress due to advances in scientific knowledge, diagnosis and options of treatment. This first article in a series of papers on modern equine dentistry starts from the normal anatomy of the equine dentition to describe the diverse clinical aspects of dental abnormalities

Brachynathia treatment using a tension band device : technique and complications

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Tandheelkunde bij het paard in de 21e eeuw, deel 3 : behandeling van gebitsproblemen

Equine dental pathology and its diagnosis have been described in part 1 and 2 (published in 2015 and 2016 respectively) of this series of articles on equine dentistry. In this third and last part, different treatment options are discussed and the cases, in which they can be applied, are highlighted. Along with the growing interest in equine dentistry and the increasing knowledge about it, the treatment options and the available instrumentation have strongly evolved over the years. This enables both the field veterinarian and the more specialized veterinary surgeon to perform efficient treatment of a wide variety of dental pathologies

Occlusal fissures in equine cheek teeth : a prospective longitudinal in vivo study

Background: It has been suggested that fissures of the occlusal surface of equine cheek teeth may develop into crown fractures. Objectives: To examine the evolution of fissures present on the occlusal surface of cheek teeth. Furthermore, to investigate the presence of a fissure as a risk factor for the development of a subsequent crown fracture. Study Design: Observational longitudinal study. Methods: Bi-annual dental examinations were performed on 36 horses for 3 years. Video-recordings were made to evaluate the evolution of detected fissures. The effect of possible predictors on the development of tooth fractures was investigated by regression analysis. Results: The evolution of 785 fissures (467 type 1a, 271 type 1b, 47 type 2) was recorded. Fissure characteristics were observed to remain unchanged, disappear, become longer, shorter, change in configuration or change in color. Partial crown fractures (22 maxillary, 50 mandibular) were recorded in 52 cheek teeth in 22/36 horses. Fifty-nine of these fractures evolved from previously observed fissures (24 type 1a, 29 type 1b, 6 type 2). All fissure types proved to be a significant risk factor for the development of a crown fracture (p < 0.001), with the highest odds for type 2 fissures (OR = 14.27; 95% CI = 4.88-41.71). Other significant risk factors were the time of follow-up (p < 0.001), mandibular teeth (p < 0.001) and the lingual side of a tooth (p < 0.001). All fractures were non-complicated. Main Limitations: Some horses were prematurely lost for follow-up, which perhaps influenced the results. A longer follow-up period would have also allowed an evaluation of the risk for pulp disease on the long term subsequent to partial crown fractures. Conclusions: The presence of a fissure of any type, mandibular cheek teeth, the lingual side of cheek teeth, and time of follow-up proved to be significant risk factors for development of a cheek tooth crown fracture. Type 2 fissures showed the highest odds followed by type 1b fissures. The observed partial crown fractures demonstrated a low clinical impact whereby no tooth showed signs of development of endodontal disease

Is EOTRH more prevalent in the Icelandic breed compared to Warmblood horses?

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