A сomparative analysis of classical and postmodern views on the idea of a university

Background: The crisis that the modern university is experiencing today, is conditioned by the crisis of its idea as of a classical essence. The idea of university was formulated by W. von Humboldt, however, its history starts with the Greek-Roman era when the ancient philosophy in its cognitive attitude to the world saw its truth, leaning on intelligence that brought it to the harmony of beauty and good. In this quality, the idea of university was changing the university history. However, today, by rejecting any natural unity and integrity and also reconsidering classics, the postmodern views diversify the classical university and eliminate the possibility of its common form. Questions arise: can the common idea for the university be preserved in these conditions? Will it be preserved (and should it be preserved) by the postmodern culture? Is it possible today to have the unity of the university as a classical social and educational institution? Do modern university models (entrepreneurial, corporate, research, etc.) have their own idea

University as a Sociocultural Phenomenon: the Past and the Present

We carried out the review of the main educational strategies which present the basis of university education in antiquity, in the medieval period and at present. The educational model created during the antique period was based on ideals of beauty and harmony, that assumed an equivalence of spiritual and corporal in personality formation as it is demanded by the nature. In philosophy of education in the medieval period there was an idea of person's transformation through education and belief by means of classical literature which was considered as a timeless knowledge source. The university was thought of as educational institution where it is possible to approach to universal knowledge. We consider that in modern society its development has transitive nature. The foundation of the educational process is not the universal knowledge, but the skill to find bearings in fast-changing knowledge stream, to adapt and find opportunities for self-fulfillment under the conditions of continuous change. In the single information and educational space it became possible to make educational process continuous as a condition of person's improvement. We conceive the idea of continuous or lifelong learning as the necessary and natural process acting as a precondition of forming integral personality and social wellbeing

Overcoming of Information Extremism as a Condition of Human and Social Wellbeing

The urgency of this research is indisputable because the subjects of information extremism having at their disposal various mass media can disseminate their beliefs and ideas over thousands of people in different countries all over the world. International collaboration is needed to struggle against this evil. The paper provides deep insight into the notion "information extremism", as well as its classification and forms. It is aimed at revealing the specific character of the notions "information extremism" and "information terrorism" and their investigation. Illocutionary influence as the major method of information extremism is highlighted in the paper. The authors demonstrate important influence of mass media including the Internet over readership, especially the youth. It is concluded that the issue of information extremism requires for more rigorous and deeper consideration. It is necessary to fight against forms of its manifestation, because they have a significant effect on homeland and international safety and stability

Application of DICOM in Electrical Impedance Tomography

Medical imaging devices including EIT systems are required to be integrated in the clinical information systems. Combining DICOM industrial standard with Open EIT file format can lead to the result, appropriate both to clinical requirements and research community. Successful implementation of the DICOM format for data storage in real EIT system is described here

Synthesis of fused heterocycles from 2-aryl-5-(chlorosulfonyl)-1,3-oxazole-4-carboxylates and α-aminoazoles involving the Smiles rearrangement

Reaction of methyl 2-aryl-5-(chlorosulfonyl)-1,3-oxazole-4-carboxylates with 1H-pyrazol-5-amines and 1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-amines proceeds with the participation of endocyclic aminoazole nitrogen atoms to yield products containing a primary amino group. Being treated by sodium hydride these products undergo a further transformation into the tricyclic compounds. It has been shown that the cyclocondensation pathway includes the Smiles rearrangement with extrusion of SO2 followed by the elimination of MeOH. This reaction sequence is a convenient approach to the synthesis of new annulated [1,3]oxazolo[5,4-d]pyrimidine derivatives

“Mean Field Games” as Mathematical Models for Control and Optimization of Business Activity

The article is a review of modern mathematical economic models with the “Mean Field Games” structure. They are currently used for the predictive modelling under given control conditions or for optimizing control actions to achieve the desired result. The mathematical model is a pair of parabolic partial differential equations with a set of initial and boundary conditions for optimizing a given target functional. For them, the discretization is applied to obtain systems of nonlinear algebraic equations which are solved by computer in an iterative way to get the best instant benefit for each agent. This mathematical apparatus is used for the quantitative modelling of the distribution or the use of alternative resources, environmental problems, optimization of wages and insurance, network sales, and other economic activities to predict the aggregate behavior of the great mass of agents looking for instant personal benefit

MEANS OF IMPROVING ACCURACY OF ASSESSMENT OF FREQUENCY, FREQUENCY RESOLUTION AND NOISE IMMUNITY OF INSTANTANEOUS FREQUENCY MEASUREMENT RECEIVERS BUILT ON THE BASIS OF AUTOCORRELATION FREQUENCY DISCRIMINATORS (AFDs), IN MULTI-SIGNAL NOISE INVIRONMENT

Hybrid spectral-correlation algorithms used for building signal instantaneous frequency measurement receivers have been suggested to provide an improved accuracy of assessment of frequency, frequency resolution and noise immunity at reception of simple signals, a LFM signal and multiple frequency signal for a multi-component model of a radio environment, as well as for a two-component and three-component models of a radio environment in the frequency resolution element at an a priory uncertainty concerning signal and noise parameters. Improved accuracy algorithms have been developed to assess the instantaneous frequency of simple signals and the central frequency of a LFM signal as a result of increasing the output signal-to-noise radio in the three-component model of a radio environment in the frequency resolution element, of decreasing the dynamic component of the total frequency assessment error and providing invariance of the decision rule threshold under the nuisance parameters of noise effects. The results have been introducedAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

NUMERICAL MODELING OF FORMING COHERENT RADIATION OF RECTANGULAR ELECTRON BEAMS

The aim is to construct the numerical model and to investigate the processes of forming electromagnetic field at coherent radiation of the rectangular electron beams in the super-dimensional electrodynamic by the computer experiment methods. The new variant of the numerical model describing the non-stationary processes at interaction of the electron beams with electromagnetic field in the open type electrodynamic structures has been developed on base of the integral equations. By means of this model the processes of forming resonant electromagnetic field in the electrodynamic structures with large diffraction losses succeeded in the more correct investigation. The coherent radiation of the heavy-current rectangular electron beams in the super-dimensional systems has been considered. The work results can be used both in the investigation of the electrodynamic properties of the open systems and at physical analysis of the process of forming coherent radiation of the heavy-current electron beams. The developed model can be applied in the process of constructing Cherenkov type devices with super-dimensional electrodynamic structuresAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

Heat and mass exchanging processes in a refrigerated truck body during multi-drop urban distribution of fresh herbs

The article presents the results of a study on heat and mass transfer processes in a refrigerated truck body with frequent door openings typical for multi-drop urban distribution, and their effect on microbiological indicators and chemical composition of transported fresh herbs. A refrigerated body with an isothermal body of 11 m3 capacity fixed to Gazelle truck chassis loaded with dill and parsley as transport cargo were used in a two-stage experiment. The changes in air parameters (temperature, velocity, relative humidity) in various parts of the body were determined depending on the door opening duration when unloading part of the product. The heat gain and the amount of condensate from the intake of outside air through the open door were calculated based on the experimental data obtained in an empty truck body, and their effect on microbiological indicators and the chemical composition of greens was determined based on laboratory data obtained after transportation and storage in a commercial refrigerator. It was established that the amount of heat entering the body through an open door in 10 minutes is comparable to the heat gain through its insulated walls when the door is closed for two hours. 45% of heat and 70% of moisture came into the truck body in the first two minutes of door opening. After the transportation and pre-sale storage with a total duration of 78 hours, a sharp microbial growth was observed. The number of bacteria increased 5-6 times on parsley, and 3-4 times on dill; besides, parsley and dill showed a 10 fold increase in fungi and yeast on their surface, respectively. Over a similar period of time, the same indicators of fresh herbs not subjected to the transportation and stored in a refrigerator at stable temperature and humidity conditions increased only 2 times. It has been shown that fluctuations in temperature and humidity in the truck body also lead to a change in the chemical composition of greens during further cold storage before sale. The obtained data on heat gain during door opening time must be taken into account when calculating the capacity of the truck refrigeration unit

Study increase the mechanical characteristics of tool materials by cryogenic treatment

In this work, the hypothesis of taking into account a specific thermoEMF to determine the degree of hardening of the cutting tool by cryogenic hardening is put forward, which is the most convenient and important value from the point of view of information content. As a result of studies of improving the mechanical characteristics of instrumental materials by cryogenic treatment, the values of the absolute and specific values of thermo emf were revealed depending on the temperature of three instrumental materials obtained by tarrying them together with platinum. The values of temperatures at the maximum values of the specific thermo emf, have been obtained. It was found that deep cooling of the metal increases the degree of ordering of its structure and increases the vibrational energy of the crystal lattice. The results of the study showed that the resistance of the cryogenic cutting tool increases by up to three times, this positively affects the energy efficiency of the use of such a tool in production. The reduction of energy costs is expressed in the reduction of kilowatt-hours associated with the costs of sharpening the tool and can reach up to 30% of the total amount of electricity consumed