Strategie di inclusione e partecipazione nella formazione universitaria. Indagine sui risultati di apprendimento raggiunti dagli studenti in Scienze motorie in periodo pandemico

The study has been made on the purpose to prove the effectiveness of strategies used by Inclusion and Participation Office of the Telamatic University “Pegaso” in the pandemic period. The University gives an inclusion program based not only on assistive IT equipment but also on corrective and/ or improvement actions. Starting from the data relating to students who rely on the services of the inclusion and participation office, it has been carried out a comparative analysis between the data relating the period from March 2019 to March 2020 and those relating to the next 12 months, in other words, the first year of the pandemic. The sample studied is made by students enrolled to the 3 year degree course in Motor Science and the master’s degree course in Management of sport and physical activities: the data being compared were the number of enrolledwith disabilities and the number of exams taken by students participating in the inclusion project before and during the pandemic period. The aim has been to demonstrate the presence of a training project well structured even in extreme situations, such as the current one, that has witnessed relevant organizational difficulties in the field of inclusion of many institutions, it is,nevertheless, possible to achieve expected learning results. Lo scopo dello studio condotto è stato quello di verificare l’efficacia delle strategie poste in essere dall’Ufficio inclusione e partecipazione dell’Università Telematica Pegaso in periodo pandemico. L’Ateneo offre un programma inclusione incentrato non solo su dotazioni informatiche assistive ma anche su azioni a valenza correttiva e/o migliorativa. Partendo dai dati relativi agli studenti che si affidano ai servizi dell’ufficio inclusione e partecipazione, è stata effettuata un’analisi comparativa tra i dati relativi al periodo che va da Marzo ’19 a Marzo ’20 e quelli relativi ai 12 mesi successivi, ovvero il primo anno di pandemia. Il campione studiato è costituito dagli iscritti al corso di Laurea Triennale in Scienze Motorie e al corso di Laurea Magistrale in Management dello sport e delle attività motorie: i dati oggetto di comparazione sono stati il numero degli iscritti con disabilità e il numero di esami sostenuti dagli studenti aderenti al progetto inclusione prima e durante il periodo pandemico. L’obiettivo è stato quello di dimostrare che in presenza di un progetto formativo ben strutturato, anche in situazioni estreme quale quella attuale che ha visto notevoli difficoltà organizzative nel settore dell’inclusione di molte istituzioni, è possibile raggiungere i risultati di apprendimento attesi

Uno studio pilota per identificare strategie educative volte alla promozione della salute nelle donne adulte nell’era del COVID 19

COVID-19 pandemic has drastically reduced physical activity levels in the global population, due to the limitation of movements and social life imposed by local governments. Sedentary behaviors are known to be strictly associated with higher risks to develop diseases (Allen et al., 2017). Italy was the first country in which severe lockdown periods were imposed on the population, to limit virus circulation. Our study aimed to analyze lifestyle habits in a group of 14 volunteer women, aged from 40 to 50 years, for 2 years, in a telemonitoring manner. Semi-Structured questionnaires on lifestyle habits, anthropometric measures, sleep, physical activity monitoring by smartphone were recorded before, during, and after lockdown. Statistical analysis was conducted with the t-Student test and ANOVA, normal distribution of data was tested with the Shapiro Wilk test. During the lockdown, the daily number of steps shows a reduction of -65%. The number of weekly walking kilometers was drastically reduced by -70%. No statistically significant improvements were registered in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), although the number of daily steps had returned to pre-COVID levels. The study highlights that educational strategies are necessary to avoid the risks of prolonged sedentary behaviors.La pandemia da COVID-19 ha drasticamente ridotto i livelli di attività fisica nella popolazione, a seguito delle limitazioni imposte per fronteggiare la diffusione virale. I comportamenti sedentari sono strettamente associati ad alto rischio di sviluppare patologie (Allen et al., 2017). L’Italia è stata una delle prime nazioni in cui sono state adottate misure restrittive. Lo scopo del nostro studio è stato quello di analizzare gli stili di vita di 14 volontarie, tra i 40 e i 50 anni di età, per due anni, mediante una valutazione a distanza. Sono stati adoperati questionari semi-strutturati per gli stili di vita, le misure antropometriche, il sonno e una rilevazione mediante smartphone dei livelli di attività fisica. L’analisi è stata condotta prima della pandemia, durante il lockdown e nella fase post-lockdown. L’analisi statistica è stata realizzata mediante test di t-Student e ANOVA. La normalità delle distribuzioni dei dati è stata testata mediante test di Shapiro Wilk. Durante il lockdown, il numero giornaliero di passi si è ridotto del 65%. Il numero di chilometri settimanali percorsi si è ridotto del 70%. Non sono state evidenziante variazioni significative tramite il questionario di Pittsburgh per l’analisi della qualità e quantità del sonno, sebbene il numero di passi giornalieri fosse ritornato ai valori prepandemia. Lo studio ha fatto emergere la necessità di specifiche strategie di educazione alla salute, necessarie per limitare i rischi derivanti dalla sedentarietà

TEACHER TRAINING AMONG NEEDS, WISHES AND REQUIREMENTS

The crucial role of teachers in education systems is undeniable as they are responsible for students’ involvement and the promotion of their learning.Teachers’ professional growth is an important reason for promoting the widespread quality of education systems and, in its combination of poietic and ethical-social action (Pellerey, 1999), for the education of future generation also.Based on these premises, the study made wanted to investigate the forces that move teachers to get trained, starting from the distinction made by Paparella between needs, desires, necessities (Paparella, 2012).The research involves 442 students enrolled in masters and advanced courses in pedagogical subjects, aimed at teachers of all types of schools.The questionnaire aims to investigate how extrinsic reasons (better earnings / career development) influence teacher training choices, to the detriment of study interests and personal inclinations

INNOVATIVE METHODOLOGIES IN DIDACTICS OF MOTOR AND SPORTS ACTIVITIES

The training of athletes through a correct structuring of the methodological aspects of training plays a key role in the pedagogical-didactic field. In team sports games, with reference to football, a new operational methodology, which allows the synergy of playful and tactical aspects, can represent an adequate means for a better transfer of skills in a teaching that uses the playful aspect as a vehicle for learning. in an essentially tactical sport, in consideration of cognitive and neuro-didactic aspects such as the perception, analysis and decision making of motor actions that translate into effective execution in sports practice. The most significant elements of this innovative methodology, called Ludo-Tactics, are recognized and described in order to be able to provide a different perspective from the traditional one but equally useful in the training process

Esperienze Formative attraverso la Didattica dell’Allenamento Funzionale negli Sport Individuali

Si parla di tempi, sequenze o divisioni in periodi all’interno del programma educativo e dell’Allenamento sportivo, specie se di tipo funzionale. Distribuire, cioè, una gamma di obiettivi e attività in un tempo specifico. Questa divisione in periodi può essere rappresentata da un periodo breve, per esempio quando agli esercizi predisposti per una sessione di lavoro viene assegnata una durata specifica; oppure periodi più lunghi, una settimana, un mese o parecchie stagioni. L’esecuzione della pianificazione e del programma di qualsiasi attività è effettuata attraverso la sessione. La sessione è lo spazio-tempo durante il quale l’Allenamento o l’attività fisica organizzata viene eseguita. La sessione è l’unità base della programmazione in cui sono contenuti gli obiettivi specifici, le attività e i metodi d’insegnamento per ottenerli

PHYSICAL EDUCATION AND THE USE OF TECHNOLOGIES DURING DISTANCE TEACHING: POSSIBILITY FOR INCLUSIVE OR EXCLUSIVE TEACHING?

The advent of new technologies has changed the educational and training scenarios especially during the emergency period caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. In fact, given the impossibility of traditional teaching, a new type of teaching was opted for: the distance teaching. During this period the teaching that has undergone the most changes is Physical Education. Physical Education should be one of the most important subjects in educational and teaching processes, especially in the digital age, as a sedentary lifestyle and the lack of healthy physical activity only brings disadvantages. School teaching, as well as the training of sports science’ teachers by universities, must be revised and must include methodologies and technologies that allow future teachers to be ready in the case of periods such as the current one, or in general, to integrate methods and tools that can increase students' interest in this discipline. It could be argued that the impossibility of doing activities on the move has caused what we could define as a "dispersion from the teaching of physical education" in the school. This dispersion affects pupils with special educational needs even more as dispensatory measures and compensatory tools were sometimes not as applicable or effective as during traditional teaching

Physical Fitness and Potential Intellingence in Primary School: Acorrelational Study

According to various studies, physical and cognitive development have been shown to be related. During growth, children’s body and brain go through many changes, which are fundamental for their psycho/social evolution. Research has been carried out concerning the roles that distinct play that includes the motor skill training, demonstrating that motor activity is strongly connected to the mental and scholastic results. The purpose of this survey is to investigatethe potential connection between physical fitness and the development of finding solutions skills in children. 56 children (7-11 years), were involved in this research. The first part consisted of a group of gymnasts; and the other part of primary school pupils, both selected by convenience sampling. There are various tools available for evaluating young girls' mental and physical growth, including: Italian version of the Gross Motor Development-3 test, which measures articular mobility and conditional/coordinative abilities in motor tests. To evaluate one's capacity for problem-solving, use the Test of Potential Intelligence and bioelectrical impedance analysis.It is noteworthy to note some links between the potential intelligence test and the other motor abilities. It appears that there are strong relationships between all of the other characteristics and potential intelligence.The values more correlated with TIP are the variables of coordinative dimension. The correlation between TIP and the gross motor development index is 0.74, but it is insufficient to demonstrate a cause-and-effect relationship.The development of coordination skills in particular, as well as other motor activities, may aid in children's cognitive growth