Atividade antibacteriana in vitro do decocto de Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) D.C. - asteracea - ("macela"), sobre bactérias isoladas de mastite bovina

A Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) D.C. – ASTERACEA – (“macela”) é uma planta nativa no estado do Rio Grande do Sul/BR, tradicionalmente considerada medicinal para distúrbios do sistema digestivo, tendo estudos evidenciado sua atividade antimicrobiana frente bactérias padrões internacionais. Com os objetivos de verificar a presença de marcador fitoquímico e avaliar a atividade antibacteriana do decocto sobre isolados em situações-problema sanitários em saúde e produção animal, amostra da planta foi colhida de vegetação espontânea e as inflorescências submetidas a cocção por 15 min, repondo-se o volume perdido na evaporação. A técnica de cromatografia analítica em camada delgada (CCD) detectou a presença de quercitina. A atividade antimicrobiana foi avaliada pelo método de diluição, técnica pour plate, em dois tempos de contato (1 h e 24 h), sem neutralizador químico (placa indicando inibição bacteriana) e com neutralizador (placa indicando inativação bacteriana). Inicialmente foram confrontados os padrões S. aureus ATCC 25923 e E. coli ATCC 11229 em 3 proporções planta : volume, tendo a de 7,5 g : 100 mL demonstrado maior atividade de inativação. Pelo mesmo método, técnica e proporção de maior atividade, confrontou-se o decocto com 26 isolados em leite de vacas com mastite: 14 S. aureus, 5 Streptococcus dysgalactiae, 1 Streptococcus uberis, 3 Corynebacterium sp., 1 E. coli, 1 Klebsiella sp. e 1 P. aeruginosa. Sobre as bactérias Gram positivas, com 1 h de contato a leitura das placas evidenciou que 70,83% delas estavam inibidas, tendo sido confirmado que 12,5% delas estavam inativadas; com 24 h de contato 87,5% estavam inibidas e 79,17% inativadas. Sobre as bactérias Gram negativas, em 100 % das vezes as ações de inibição e inativação ocorreram na leitura do tempo de contato de 24 h. Concluiu-se que o indicador fitoquímico flavonóide está presente também na forma decocto, e que esta solução apresenta atividade antimicrobiana tanto sobre amostras padronizadas quanto sobre isolados “de campo”.The Achyrocline satureioides (Lam.) DC - Asteraceae - ("camomile") is a native plant in the state of Rio Grande do Sul / BR, traditionally considered medicinal for disorders of the digestive system, studies have demonstrated its antimicrobial activity against bacteria standards. Aiming to verify the presence of phytochemical marker and to evaluate the antibacterial activity of the decoction on isolated situations-health problem in animal health and production, the plant sample was collected from weeds and inflorescences subjected to cooking for 15 minutes, replacing them the volume lost to evaporation. The technique of analytical thin layer chromatography (TLC) detected the presence of quercetin. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated by the dilution pour plate technique in two contact times (1 h and 24 h) without neutralizing chemical (sign indicating bacterial inhibition) and neutralizing (sign indicating bacterial inactivation). Initially the standards were confronted S. aureus ATCC 25923 and E. coli ATCC 11229 in 3 proportions plant: volume, with 7.5 g: 100 mL demonstrated higher activity of inactivation. By the same method, technique and proportion of higher activity, confronted the decoction with 26 isolates in milk from cows with mastitis: 14 S. aureus, 5 Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus uberis 1, 3 Corynebacterium sp., 1 E. coli, 1 Klebsiella sp. and 1 P. aeruginosa. On the Gram positive bacteria, with 1 h contact reading of the plates showed that 70.83% were inhibited, it was confirmed that 12.5% were inactivated, with 24 h of contact 87.5% were inhibited and 79,17% inactivated. On the Gram negative bacteria, in 100% of the time the actions of inhibition and inactivation occurred in reading the contact time of 24 h. It was concluded that the flavonoid phytochemical indicator is also present in the decoction form, and that this solution has antimicrobial activity on both standard sampling as on isolated "field"

Cutaneous cryptococcosis associated with severe infestation by Sarcoptes sp. and Demodex sp. in a dog

Submitted by Franciele Moreira ([email protected]) on 2017-08-29T18:05:09Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Danieli Brolo Martins - 2014.pdf: 113091 bytes, checksum: 7405cb36b444874e84025b0e51b109b7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2017-09-12T13:57:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Danieli Brolo Martins - 2014.pdf: 113091 bytes, checksum: 7405cb36b444874e84025b0e51b109b7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2017-09-12T13:58:37Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Danieli Brolo Martins - 2014.pdf: 113091 bytes, checksum: 7405cb36b444874e84025b0e51b109b7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2017-09-12T13:58:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Danieli Brolo Martins - 2014.pdf: 113091 bytes, checksum: 7405cb36b444874e84025b0e51b109b7 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-08Este trabalho descreve um caso de criptococose canina localizada na pele da região interdigital de um cão. Um cão de rua, sem raça definida, adulto jovem apresentava lesões pruriginosas, alopécicas e crostosas em toda extensão corpórea, e uma lesão ulcerada interdigital no membro pélvico esquerdo. A citologia aspirativa por agulha fi na (CAAF) da lesão interdigital demonstrou um processo inflamatório acrescido de organismos leveduriformes compatíveis com Cryptococcus sp. Efetuou-se, a seguir, a cultura fúngica, que ratificou o resultado da CAAF. O paciente também apresentou diagnóstico positivo para Sarcoptes sp. e Demodex sp. Cryptococcus sp. é o agente etiológico da criptococose, uma doença infecciosa oportunista que acomete o homem, animais domésticos e silvestres. A provável imunidade baixa do cão, neste estudo, pode ter sido um fator desencadeante para o desenvolvimento da doença. A criptococose em caninos, apresentada na forma cutânea, é incomum, o que justifica a relevância deste relato.The aim of this study was to report a case of cutaneous cryptococcosis located in the interdigital skin of a dog. A young adult mongrel dog presented pruriticalopecic crusty lesions throughout corporeal extension and an ulcerated lesion in the interdigital region of the left pelvic limb. A fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the interdigital lesion showed an inflammatory process plus yeast organisms similar to Cryptococcus sp. A mycological culture was carried out confirming the results of FNAC. The patient also had positive diagnosis to Sarcoptes sp. and Demodex sp.. Cryptococcus sp. is the etiologic agent of cryptococcosis, an infectious opportunistic disease that affects humans, domestic and wild animals. The probable low immunity of the dog, in this study, may have been a triggering factor for the development of the disease. Canine cutaneous cryptococcosis is unusual, which explains the relevance of this report case

Botulismo de origem alimentar

O botulismo alimentar ocorre pela ingestão de toxinas pré-formadas pelo Clostridium botulinum, consideradas as mais potentes dentre as toxinas conhecidas. Caracteriza-se como uma doença de extrema gravidade, de evolução aguda, provoca distúrbios digestivos e neurológicos, em conseqüência à ingestão de diversos tipos de alimentos. As conservas caseiras estão entre os alimentos que oferecem maior risco à população consumidora. Os produtos de origem animal são frequentemente associados aos surtos da doença, destacando-se os embutidos, tais como salsichas, salames, presuntos e patês. Derivados do leite e enlatados, bem como produtos fermentados, são passíveis de provocar a intoxicação. As outras formas naturais da doença são botulismo por feridas e botulismo infantil, normalmente associado ao consumo de mel contendo esporos do Clostridium botulinum.Foodbourne botulism occurs after ingestion of preformed toxins produced by the Clostridium botulinum, which has been considered one of the most potent known one. The disease, acquired after ingestion of various kinds of foods, has acute character, and provokes gastrointestinal and neurologic symptoms. Homemade canned foods are those that represent higher risk to human health. Processed meat products are frequently associated with botulism outbreaks, mainly sausages, ham and pates. Dairy and canned food, as well as fermented foods, also may be related with this disease. Still, botulism may be caused by toxin production in deep wound, named wound botulism; and after ingestion of honey contaminated with spores by infants, named infant botulism

Effect of lung recruitment and titrated Positive End-Expiratory Pressure (PEEP) vs low PEEP on mortality in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome - A randomized clinical trial

IMPORTANCE: The effects of recruitment maneuvers and positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) titration on clinical outcomes in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) remain uncertain. OBJECTIVE: To determine if lung recruitment associated with PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance decreases 28-day mortality of patients with moderate to severe ARDS compared with a conventional low-PEEP strategy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Multicenter, randomized trial conducted at 120 intensive care units (ICUs) from 9 countries from November 17, 2011, through April 25, 2017, enrolling adults with moderate to severe ARDS. INTERVENTIONS: An experimental strategy with a lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration according to the best respiratory-system compliance (n = 501; experimental group) or a control strategy of low PEEP (n = 509). All patients received volume-assist control mode until weaning. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: The primary outcome was all-cause mortality until 28 days. Secondary outcomes were length of ICU and hospital stay; ventilator-free days through day 28; pneumothorax requiring drainage within 7 days; barotrauma within 7 days; and ICU, in-hospital, and 6-month mortality. RESULTS: A total of 1010 patients (37.5% female; mean [SD] age, 50.9 [17.4] years) were enrolled and followed up. At 28 days, 277 of 501 patients (55.3%) in the experimental group and 251 of 509 patients (49.3%) in the control group had died (hazard ratio [HR], 1.20; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.42; P = .041). Compared with the control group, the experimental group strategy increased 6-month mortality (65.3% vs 59.9%; HR, 1.18; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.38; P = .04), decreased the number of mean ventilator-free days (5.3 vs 6.4; difference, −1.1; 95% CI, −2.1 to −0.1; P = .03), increased the risk of pneumothorax requiring drainage (3.2% vs 1.2%; difference, 2.0%; 95% CI, 0.0% to 4.0%; P = .03), and the risk of barotrauma (5.6% vs 1.6%; difference, 4.0%; 95% CI, 1.5% to 6.5%; P = .001). There were no significant differences in the length of ICU stay, length of hospital stay, ICU mortality, and in-hospital mortality. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: In patients with moderate to severe ARDS, a strategy with lung recruitment and titrated PEEP compared with low PEEP increased 28-day all-cause mortality. These findings do not support the routine use of lung recruitment maneuver and PEEP titration in these patients. TRIAL REGISTRATION: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01374022