Amount of genetic variability among corkwing wrasse samples at nine microsatellite loci.

<p><i>a</i> is the observed number of alleles; <i>H</i>_T<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0067492#pone.0067492-Nei1" target="_blank">[28]</a> is the gene diversity in the total material (n  = 922); <i>F</i>_ST<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0067492#pone.0067492-Weir1" target="_blank">[30]</a> estimates the level of genetic differentiation among the twelve samples, with statistical support indicated by exact test for allele frequency heterogeneity (GENEPOP v. 4.0.6: <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0067492#pone.0067492-Rousset1" target="_blank">[31]</a>: *** <i>P</i><0.001).</p

Results of AMOVA analysis [33] partitioning genetic variability among and within localities (temporal replicates) within the Scandinavian and the Iberian regions.

*<p><i>P</i><0.05.</p

Map identifying sample locations (black circles: see Table 1 for sample abbreviations and details).

<p>Red arrows denote the predominant surface currents relevant for the pelagic (larvae) face of the cork wing wrasse.</p

Results of statistical assignment tests [42] over the North Sea genetic break.

<p>Numbers denote the percentage of fish from each of the four Skagerrak samples being assigned to either the UK North (lumping AR, BE and SL) or the UK South (lumping PL and RO).</p

Modeled oceanographic drift of particles released at some of the sample locations (see positions in Fig. 2) in addition to two fictive UK locations (one near the Orkneys and one in the southern North Sea).

<p>The black filled circles denote the location where particles are released, and the colored clouds of dots denote where the particles end up after 25 days. Drift during a summer period (June) from 12 subsequent years (2000–2011) is displayed in this figure. Note that all particles are released offshore due to coarse resolution in the ocean current model. Our drift estimates then represent a maximum extension of the drift pathways.</p

Summary statistics for genetic variability within sample sites.

<p><i>H</i>_S is the estimated average gene diversity <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0067492#pone.0067492-Nei1" target="_blank">[28]</a>; <b><i>a</i></b> is the average number of alleles per locus, and <i>A</i>r is the average allele richness ±1X standard deviation. <i>F</i>_IS refer to average deviations from Hardy-Weinberg genotype proportions, with number of loci deviating in either direction given. P-values refer to the overall two sided test over all loci (Fisher’s summation procedure over nine single-locus tests), and locus names identify the tests that came out significant (no adjustments made for multiple tests). Bold values of <i>F</i>_IS denote significant values in either direction.</p

Bayesian clustering analysis of corkwing wrasse (<i>S. melops</i>) detected by STRUCTURE. A K = 2 was the most likely outcome.

<p>Bayesian clustering analysis of corkwing wrasse (<i>S. melops</i>) detected by STRUCTURE. A K = 2 was the most likely outcome.</p

Average water temperature during summer (red) and percentage occurrence of corkwing wrasse (black) in beach seine hauls in Skagerrak from 1928 to 2012, based on annual measurements by the Institute of Marine Research [61].

<p>Solid lines represent kernel smoothed averages (using function ksmooth of the R statistical package <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0067492#pone.0067492-R1" target="_blank">[62]</a>).</p

The figure illustrate the cline of <i>F</i>_ST (blue) and expected heterozygosity (red) with latitude.

<p>Lines connecting points are linear regression lines, calculated separately for the southern and northern (Scandinavian) parts, with dotted lines indicating the "genetic break" across the North Sea. The 95% confidence intervals are indicated with vertical bars for each point estimate, calculated as: mean +/−1.96*SE (i.e., assuming normal distribution). For <i>F</i>_ST standard errors were calculated by jackknifing over loci,; for heterozygosity (h), standard errors were taken as the square root of the intralocus variances, averaged over loci (equations 8.12 and 8.14 of ref. <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0067492#pone.0067492-Nei2" target="_blank">[63]</a>).</p

Diplodus_vulgaris_Dryad

Microsatellites' allele