A comparative analysis of the emphases in world history textbooks and articles in the American Historical Review

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston UniversityThe purpose of this study is to examine current world history textbooks to distinguish the points of emphasis, to examine the leading articles in professional historical publications to ascertain what broad areas have concerned the historians, and to compare the findings

A comparative analysis of the emphases in world history textbooks and articles in the American Historical Review

Thesis (Ed.M.)--Boston UniversityThe purpose of this study is to examine current world history textbooks to distinguish the points of emphasis, to examine the leading articles in professional historical publications to ascertain what broad areas have concerned the historians, and to compare the findings

2+1 Einstein Gravity as a Deformed Chern-Simons Theory

The usual description of 2+1 dimensional Einstein gravity as a Chern-Simons (CS) theory is extended to a one parameter family of descriptions of 2+1 Einstein gravity. This is done by replacing the Poincare' gauge group symmetry by a q-deformed Poincare' gauge group symmetry, with the former recovered when q-> 1. As a result, we obtain a one parameter family of Hamiltonian formulations for 2+1 gravity. Although formulated in terms of noncommuting dreibeins and spin-connection fields, our expression for the action and our field equations, appropriately ordered, are identical in form to the ordinary ones. Moreover, starting with a properly defined metric tensor, the usual metric theory can be built; the Christoffel symbols and space-time curvature having the usual expressions in terms of the metric tensor, and being represented by c-numbers. In this article, we also couple the theory to particle sources, and find that these sources carry exotic angular momentum. Finally, problems related to the introduction of a cosmological constant are discussed.Comment: Latex file, 26 pages, no figure

Comments on the Non-Commutative Description of Classical Gravity

We find a one-parameter family of Lagrangian descriptions for classical general relativity in terms of tetrads which are not c-numbers. Rather, they obey exotic commutation relations. These noncommutative properties drop out in the metric sector of the theory, where the Christoffel symbols and the Riemann tensor are ordinary commuting objects and they are given by the usual expression in terms of the metric tensor. Although the metric tensor is not a c-number, we argue that all measurements one can make in this theory are associated with c-numbers, and thus that the common invariant sector of our one--parameter family of deformed gauge theories (for the case of zero torsion) is physically equivalent to Einstein's general relativity.Comment: Latex file, 13 pages, no figure

The Influence of a Father’s Residential Status on the Development of Depression

In recognition of society’s changing family dynamics, due to divorce, separation, and the adaptation of cohabitating relationships, a significant amount of children are growing up in homes separate from that of their biological fathers, and are subsequently experiencing the addition of an alternative father figure in their lives. Further, a significant amount of American children are growing up in single-parent homes, typically headed by a mother. The implications of these changes are important to examine in relation to how they affect children’s emotional development, as depression has been associated with early attachment relationships. The father-child dyad, is of particular significance to this study as they have been shown to be disproportionately residing in homes separate from their children, in comparison to mothers. This quantitative research design was conducted in an effort to understand the significance of a father’s residential status during childhood, on the development of depression. The data was collected by means of developing a survey and distributing them electronically via private Facebook messages sent out by the researcher and supporting committee. This survey collected information about the participants such as their socio-demographics, experience with their fathers and alternative father figures during childhood, their history of depression, and the ECR-R questionnaire to collect the participants’ attachment styles. The results of this study did not find a statistically significant association between a father’s residential status and the development of depression. However, other variables such as attachment style and father’s level of involvement as reported by the participants displayed significance. These results should be accepted with caution, as limitations in numbers and variations of participants were present

The Influence of a Father’s Residential Status on the Development of Depression

In recognition of society’s changing family dynamics, due to divorce, separation, and the adaptation of cohabitating relationships, a significant amount of children are growing up in homes separate from that of their biological fathers, and are subsequently experiencing the addition of an alternative father figure in their lives. Further, a significant amount of American children are growing up in single-parent homes, typically headed by a mother. The implications of these changes are important to examine in relation to how they affect children’s emotional development, as depression has been associated with early attachment relationships. The father-child dyad, is of particular significance to this study as they have been shown to be disproportionately residing in homes separate from their children, in comparison to mothers. This quantitative research design was conducted in an effort to understand the significance of a father’s residential status during childhood, on the development of depression. The data was collected by means of developing a survey and distributing them electronically via private Facebook messages sent out by the researcher and supporting committee. This survey collected information about the participants such as their socio-demographics, experience with their fathers and alternative father figures during childhood, their history of depression, and the ECR-R questionnaire to collect the participants’ attachment styles. The results of this study did not find a statistically significant association between a father’s residential status and the development of depression. However, other variables such as attachment style and father’s level of involvement as reported by the participants displayed significance. These results should be accepted with caution, as limitations in numbers and variations of participants were present

Lipid oxidation kinetics of ozone-processed shrimp during iced storage using peroxide value measurements

In this research, in situ generated ozone exposure/wash cycles of 1, 3, and 5 min applied to shrimp samples either before (BIS) or during iced storage (DIS) has been used to study the lipid oxidation kinetics using the peroxide values (PV). The induction period (IP) as well as PV at end of the IP (PVIP) have been obtained. The rate constants (k) as well as half-lives (t1/2) of hydroperoxides formation for different oxidation stages were calculated. The results showed that both IP and PVIP were lower with BIS (IP between 4.35±0.09 and 5.08±0.23 days; PVIP between 2.92±0.06 and 3.40±0.18 mEq kg−1) compared with DIS (IP between 5.92±0.12 and 6.14±0.09 days; PVIP between 4.49±0.17 and 4.56±0.10 mEq kg−1). The k value for DIS seemed to be the greater compared to BIS. In addition, whilst decreases and increases in t1/2 were found at propagation, respectively, for BIS and DIS, decreases and increases were only found at the induction of oxidation stage(s) for BIS. Further, the PV of ozone-processed samples would fit first order lipid oxidation kinetics independent of duration of ozone exposures. For the first time, PV measurements and fundamental kinetic principles have been used to describe how increasing ozone exposures positively affects the different oxidation stages responsible for the formation of hydroperoxides in ozone-processed shrimp