Study on factors influencing caesarean section delivery in urban field practice area of Kamineni Institute of Medical Sciences, Narketpally, Nalgonda, India

Background: Caesarean section is one of the most commonly performed major surgeries in obstetric practice intended to save the mother and child in turn reducing maternal and perinatal mortality. The steadily increasing global rate of caesarean section has become one of the most debated topics in maternity care. The objective of this study is to identify the factors influencing caesarean section delivery in the study area.Methods: This is a community based cross sectional study conducted among 66 women who underwent caesarean section in urban slum of field practice area of KIMS Nalgonda from January 2017 to February 2017. Information regarding socio demographic factors, indication of caesarean section, maternal and neonatal outcome was recorded in pre-designed pretested questionnaire.Results: The rate of caesarean section (CS) in this study was 55.9%. The commonest indication for elective caesarean was previous caesarean section (59.5%) and for emergence caesarean section the commonest indication was fetal distress (50%). 47.6% in elective group and 62.5% in emergency underwent caesarean section in government hospitals, 52.38% in elective group and 37.5% in emergency underwent caesarean section in private nursing homes.Conclusions: Elective caesarean sections are more common than emergency sections. Most of the caesarian sections were in the age group of 18-25 years, Hindus, BC community, house wives, who have studied up to intermediate and above, below poverty line group and in multigravida women. Common indication for elective CS was previous CS and for emergency CS was fetal distress

Cinnamon: A Multifaceted Medicinal Plant

Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum, and Cinnamon cassia), the eternal tree of tropical medicine, belongs to the Lauraceae family. Cinnamon is one of the most important spices used daily by people all over the world. Cinnamon primarily contains vital oils and other derivatives, such as cinnamaldehyde, cinnamic acid, and cinnamate. In addition to being an antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anticancer, lipid-lowering, and cardiovascular-disease-lowering compound, cinnamon has also been reported to have activities against neurological disorders, such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s diseases. This review illustrates the pharmacological prospective of cinnamon and its use in daily life

Effectiveness of safe child birth checklist on maternal and perinatal outcomes in tertiary level hospitals

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates nearly 2,87,000 maternal deaths, 1 million intrapartum related stillbirths and another 3 million new born deaths during the neonatal period against more than 130 million births each year. Intrapartum perinatal mortality, the deaths that occur during the period around birth, is a major problem in developing countries Objective of this study is to study the effectiveness of safe child birth checklist on maternal and perinatal outcomes in tertiary level hospitals.Methods: This study is a hospital based prospective interventional study conducted at MGMH, Petlaburzu hospital, Hyderabad, Telanagana, which is a tertiary care hospital comes under Osmania medical college. 635 deliveries were followe up without SCC and 620 deliveries were followed up with SCC.Results: There was significant improvement in starting of partograph at the time of admission with SCC (20% vs 32.2%), more number of cases required to start antibiotics in with SCC group compared to without SCC. Just Before and during Birth (or C-Section) without SCC group significantly more need to start Antibiotic compared to with SCC group (15.7% vs 11.3%) and active management of third stage of labour was significantly more among with SCC group (94.5% vs 96.9%).Conclusions: In final mortality and morbidity outcomes of delivery i.e. maternal and perinatal, the effectiveness of implementation of safe child birth check list has no significant effect though there were improved set of certain practices during the child birth process

Identification of Escherichia spp. strains in street-vended beverages and associated preparation surfaces using 16S rRNA analysis

Street-vended beverages are commonly prepared by mechanical extraction of the pulp, usually unpasteurised and requires multiple handling steps. Foodborne pathogens transmitted via skin of street vendors or via faecal-oral route may contaminate the preparation surfaces and beverages. The aim of this study is to identify Escherichia spp. strains of street-vended beverages and their associated preparation surfaces using 16s rRNA analysis. The hygienic practice of vendors was represented by Staphylococcus spp. analysis and Staphylococcus aureus is not detected in beverages and associated preparation surfaces. A total of 80 samples (18 beverages, 15 swab samples and 47 direct film samples) were collected followed by enumeration of microbial load. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) amplification and 16S ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) sequencing were carried out. Results of 16S rRNA sequence analysis indicated that three gramnegative isolates were identified as Escherichia coli RM9387 (Accession no. CP009104.1), Escherichia coli c164 (Accession no. JQ781646.1) and Escherichia fergusonii E10 (Accession no. KJ626264.1) with similarity value of 99% respectively

Synthesis and bioactivity of phosphorylated derivatives of stavudine

Novel phosphorylated derivatives of stavudine were synthesized by the reaction of bis(2-chloroethyl)phosphoramidic dichloride/4-nitrophenyl phosphorodichloridate with various cyclic amines and amino acid esters in the presence of triethylamine in dry tetrahydrofuran through the corresponding monochloride intermediates 2a-l. Further reaction of the intermediates 2a-l with stavudine in tetrahydrofuran and pyridine in the presence of triethylamine formed the title compounds 4a-l. Their structures were characterized by IR,   1H-, 13C-, 31P-NMR and mass spectral data analyses. They exhibited good antibacterial and antioxidant activities. Their bioactivity was greatly influenced by the different groups present at the phosphorus

Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on medical education in India and its scope on distance learning

The year 2020 was frightened with fight against unprecedented Coronavirus Disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic situations which impacted extreme changes in everyone’s lives. Particularly healthcare system was not ready to tackle public health emergency on immediate declaration of COVID-19 outbreak by World Health Organization (WHO), later the lockdown situations have helped a lot to tackle the situations worldwide. Coming to the medical education in India, there are 272 government medical colleges with teaching hospitals and 260 private medical colleges including deemed universities in India, a good asset to India. Total of 76,928 of Bachelor of Medicine, Bachelor of Surgery (MBBS) students were getting admitted in to the colleges every year with an average intake of 150- 250 students per college and per year. The COVID-19 pandemic has strengthened distance & e-Learning worldwide. Distance & e-Learning is defined as application of computer technology to deliver training, including technology-supported learning either online, offline, or both (Shivangi, D. 2020). This technology has also helped a lot to the medical education across the world including India

An Iodine Treatments Effect on Cell Proliferation Rates of Breast Cancer Cell Lines; In Vitro Study

BACKGROUND: Iodine can reduce breast tumor progression by mediates an antiproliferative effect. AIM: This study aimed to investigate the effect of iodine (I2), Lugol (I3K), and the combination of both on cell proliferation of three different types of breast cancer cell lines. METHODS: The samples were MCF7, SKBR3, and MDA-MB 213 cell lines. Cell proliferation rate was measured using colorimetric and clonogenic assays. RESULTS: The cell proliferation rate of MDA-MB 231 cells was reduced significantly by treatment I2, I3K, and combination of both with p = 0.046, p = 0.00, and p = 0.00, respectively. In MCF7 cells, I2 reduced the cell proliferation of 54–94% and I3K reduced the proliferation of 74–94%. The effectiveness of I3K treatments in slowing cell proliferation rate was dose-dependent. In SKBR3 cells, I2reduced proliferation cell up to 85% and I3K 4%-94% depending on the dose. Clonogenic assay results showed a discontinue of the cell proliferation by all doses of I2 and I3K (10 μM and 20 μM). CONCLUSION: Breast cancer cell lines, representing subtypes of luminal A, HER2+, and triple-negative, show an excellent response to iodine treatments and I3K response shows in a dose-dependent manner. Further studies are needed to investigate the effective in vivo doses

Constitution of gossypin - Part I

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