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    Methodological bases of ecological culture formation of pupils on the basis of eco-development ideas

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    The article describes methodological bases of formation of ecological culture of students as the aim of innovative training for a sustainable future. The authors take into account international and the Russian experience, connected with development of ecological culture as an educational resource of society adaptation to environmental constraints, risks, crises and present-day consolidated actions towards sustainable development of civilization.Β Methods. The methodological basis of constructing of the model formation of pupils’ ecological culture is developed from the standpoint of the idea of eco-development (noosphere, co-evolution, sustainable development) and a set of axiological, cultural, personal-activity, co-evolutionary, cultural and ecological approaches. Justified methodical basis has allowed to construct educational level of formation of ecological culture of pupils, comprising interconnected unity of the target, substantive, procedural, effectively and appraisal components.Β Results and scientific novelty. The article presents the results of many years research of authors on environmental education for sustainable development in the framework of the Nizhny Novgorod scientific school. A characteristic of ecological culture of students as the goal of environmental education based on ecodevelopment ideas is given. It is shown that the ecological culture of students directs them to new values in life meanings, methods of ecological-oriented actions and behavior, changing settings of the consumer society and ensuring the development of the younger generation of co-evolutionary, spiritual guidance in a postindustrial society. The authors’ model of the formation of ecological culture of pupils is represented by conjugation philosophical and methodological, theoretical, methodological and pedagogical levels that ensure the integrity and hierarchical pedagogical research on the issue. The article discloses a pedagogical assessment tool of formation of ecological culture. The levels of formation of ecological culture are proposed; and their characteristics are given.Β Practical significance. The article shows the realization of the conceptual aspects of the formation of ecological culture of pupils and school practice. Presented methodical support of scientific pedagogical ideas of formation of ecological culture of pupils in the form of programs, textbooks, and teaching aids for students and teachers published in the central (Prosveshenie, Drofa, Ventana-Graf) and regional publishing houses in Russia are presented. The proposed model and its methodological support provide a means for the formation of new professional positions of teachers, capable of working in an innovative mode, and implement a new social order of society on education in the field of environment. ЦСль. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ Ρ€Π°ΡΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡΡ мСтодологичСскиС основы формирования экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ школьников ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ для устойчивого Π±ΡƒΠ΄ΡƒΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ. Авторы ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Ρ‹Π²Π°ΡŽΡ‚ ΠΌΠ΅ΠΆΠ΄ΡƒΠ½Π°Ρ€ΠΎΠ΄Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΈ отСчСствСнный ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚, связный с ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ΠΌ экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ рСсурса Π°Π΄Π°ΠΏΡ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ социума ΠΊ экологичСским ограничСниям, рискам, кризисным ситуациям ΠΈ ΠΊ соврСмСнным консолидированным дСйствиям, ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌ ΡƒΡΡ‚ΠΎΠΉΡ‡ΠΈΠ²ΡƒΡŽ ΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΡŽ Ρ†ΠΈΠ²ΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ.Β ΠœΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠΊΠ° исслСдования. Π‘ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΉ ΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΉ экоразвития (ноосфСры, ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΈ, устойчивого развития) ΠΈ совокупности аксиологичСского, ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, личностно-Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ, ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Π½ΠΎ-экологичСского ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π½ мСтодологичСский базис построСния ΠΌΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»ΠΈ формирования экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ школьников. ΠžΠ±ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ мСтодичСский базис ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ» ΡΠΊΠΎΠ½ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΡƒΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ модСль формирования экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ школьников, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽ взаимосвязанныС Ρ†Π΅Π»Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ, ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ, ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ†Π΅ΡΡΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ, Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ-ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΎΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹.Β Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΈ научная Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ·Π½Π°. Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π°ΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΡ… исслСдований Π°Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² Π² области экологичСского образования. Π”Π°Π½Π° характСристика экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΈ образования, Π±Π°Π·ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° идСях экоразвития. Показано, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ‚Π°ΠΊΠΎΠΉ ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΠ΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ…ΡΡ Π½Π° Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ цСнности, ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ смыслы, способы эколого-ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Ρ… дСйствий ΠΈ повСдСния, ΠΈΠ·ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ установки ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Ρ€Π΅Π±ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ общСства ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±Π΅ΡΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ Ρƒ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ€Π°ΡΡ‚Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ поколСния ΠΊΠΎΡΠ²ΠΎΠ»ΡŽΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½Ρ‹Ρ…, Π΄ΡƒΡ…ΠΎΠ²Π½Ρ‹Ρ… установок Π² условиях ΠΏΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡƒΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ общСства. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½Π° авторская модСль формирования экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ школьников, Π² ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ сопряТСны философско-мСтодологичСский, Ρ‚Π΅ΠΎΡ€Π΅Ρ‚ΠΈΠΊΠΎ-мСтодологичСский ΠΈ пСдагогичСский ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠΎΠ½Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ‹, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ обСспСчиваСт Π΅Π΅ ΠΈΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ€Ρ…ΠΈΡ‡Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΈ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. Раскрыт пСдагогичСский инструмСнтарий ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠΈ ΠΈΠΎΡ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΡƒΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ сформированности экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹.Β ΠŸΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΠ°Ρ Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡƒΡ‚ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Ρ†Π΅ΠΏΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… аспСктов экологичСского образования Π² школьной ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠΊΠ΅. Описано ΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π΅ мСтодичСскоС сопровоТдСниС формирования экологичСской ΠΊΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΡƒΡ€Ρ‹ школьников: ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹, ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ, ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ мСтодичСскиС пособия для учащихся ΠΈ ΡƒΡ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π² Ρ†Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°Ρ… России. Разработанная авторская модСль ΠΈ Π΅Π΅ мСтодичСскоС сопровоТдСниС ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΎΠ»ΡΡŽΡ‚ ΠΏΠ΅Π΄Π°Π³ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ ΠΎΡΡƒΡ‰Π΅ΡΡ‚Π²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ свою Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Π² ΠΈΠ½Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π΅ΠΆΠΈΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹ΠΉ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΉ Π·Π°ΠΊΠ°Π· Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΠ΅ Π² области ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠΆΠ°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ срСд

    Scientific visualization as a possible component of the imaginative part of academic drawing and painting in a process of industrial design teaching

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    European experience of human resources development for micro business: relevance and implementation algorithm for the republic of Moldova

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    Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡Π½Π° частина мікропідприємств Π„Π²Ρ€ΠΎΡΠΎΡŽΠ·Ρƒ являє собою самозайняті підприємства Π°Π±ΠΎ ΠΏΡ–Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ”ΠΌΡ†Ρ–Π². Π£ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½Π°Ρ… Π„Π‘-28 самозайнятих підприємств, які ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ 0% Π½Π°ΠΉΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡ… Ρ€ΠΎΠ±Ρ–Ρ‚Π½ΠΈΠΊΡ–Π² Ρ– ΡΡ‚Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π»ΡΡ‚ΡŒ 56% Π²Ρ–Π΄ ΡƒΡΡŒΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктору ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° ΡΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΡŒΠΎΠ³ΠΎ бізнСсу. Π„Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΡŒΠΊΡ– СкспСрти ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Ρ–Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎ ΡƒΠ²Π°Π³ΠΈ Π·ΠΌΡ–Ρ†Π½Π΅Π½Π½ΡŽ Ρ– Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ Π΄Π°Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠΌΡ–ΠΊΠΈ. Π£ всіх ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½Π°Ρ… Π„Π‘ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ– ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ для ΠΏΡ–Π΄Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΈΠΌΠΊΠΈ Π΄Ρ–ΡΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– самозайнятих ΠΏΡ–Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ”ΠΌΡ†Ρ–Π², Π±Π°Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΎ Π· яких Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΈ Π± корисні Π΄ΠΎ впровадТСння Π² РСспубліці Молдова. Π£ ΠœΠΎΠ»Π΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ– схоТі характСристики ΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ мікропідприємства, які Π²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎΡΡΡ‚ΡŒΡΡ Π΄ΠΎ сСктору ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ‚Π° ΡΠ΅Ρ€Π΅Π΄Π½ΡŒΠΎΠ³ΠΎ бізнСсу Ρ– Π·Π°ΠΉΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ 85,1% Π²Ρ–Π΄ Π·Π°Π³Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡ— ΠΊΡ–Π»ΡŒΠΊΠΎΡΡ‚Ρ– підприємств ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ бізнСсу. Π’Ρ–Π΄ΠΏΠΎΠ²Ρ–Π΄Π½ΠΎ, Ρƒ статті Π±ΡƒΠ»ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»Ρ–Π·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΈ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ мікробізнСсу Ρƒ ΠΊΡ€Π°Ρ—Π½Π°Ρ… Π„Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π‘ΠΎΡŽΠ·Ρƒ, Π²Ρ€Π°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²ΡƒΡŽΡ‡ΠΈ Π½Π°ΠΉΠ±Ρ–Π»ΡŒΡˆ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ»ΠΈΠ²Ρ– для ΠΏΡ–Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ”ΠΌΡ†Ρ–Π². Новизна Ρ– ΠΏΡ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ‡Π½Π° Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΡ–ΡΡ‚ΡŒ статті ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΠΌΠΎΠ²Π»Π΅Π½Ρ– рСкомСндаціями, які Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‚ΡŒ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ впровадТСння Ρ”Π²Ρ€ΠΎΠΏΠ΅ΠΉΡΡŒΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ досвіду ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌ Ρ€ΠΎΠ·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΊΡƒ самозайнятих ΠΏΡ–Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ”ΠΌΡ†Ρ–Π² Π² сСкторі ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ бізнСсу Молдови.Many of the EU-28 SMEs are run by self-employed micro enterprises. In the EU-28 self-employed enterprises with 0% of employees consist 56% of the SME. European experts attach great importance to the strengthening and development of this sector of the economy. All EU countries have organized programs to support the activities of self-employed entrepreneurs, many of which would be useful for implementation in the Republic of Moldova. In Moldova, microenterprises have similar characteristics, which belong to the small and medium-sized business sector and occupy 85.1% of the total number of small businesses. Accordingly, the article analyzes the programs of microbusiness development in the European Union, including the most important ones, according to the entrepreneurs opinians. The novelty and practical significance of the article are due to the recommendations, including the algorithm of implementation of the European experience of development programs for self-employed entrepreneurs in the SME sector of Moldova.Π—Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ Ρ‡Π°ΡΡ‚ΡŒ микропрСдприятий Π•Π²Ρ€ΠΎΡΠΎΡŽΠ·Π° прСдставляСт собой самозанятыС прСдприятия ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Π’ странах Π•Π‘-28 самозанятыС прСдприятия, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ 0% Π½Π°Π΅ΠΌΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‡ΠΈΡ…, ΡΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‚ 56% ΠΎΡ‚ всСго сСктора ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ срСднСго бизнСса. ЕвропСйскиС экспСрты ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ΄Π°ΡŽΡ‚ большоС Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ ΡƒΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠ»Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΡŽ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ сСктора экономики. Π’ΠΎ всСх странах Π•Π‘ ΠΎΡ€Π³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ для ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΄Π΅Ρ€ΠΆΠΊΠΈ Π΄Π΅ΡΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ самозанятых ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ, ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ· ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π±Ρ‹Π»ΠΈ Π±Ρ‹ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Ρ‹ ΠΊ Π²Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² РСспубликС Молдова. Π’ МолдовС Π±Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΊΠΈΠ΅ характСристики ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‚ микропрСдприятия, ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Π΅ относятся ΠΊ сСктору ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΈ срСднСго бизнСса ΠΈ Π·Π°Π½ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡŽΡ‚ 85,1% ΠΎΡ‚ ΠΎΠ±Ρ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ числа прСдприятий ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ бизнСса. БоотвСтствСнно, Π² ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌΡ‹ развития микробизнСса Π² ЕвропСйском БоюзС, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°Ρ Π½Π°ΠΈΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π΅ Π²Π°ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅, ΠΏΠΎ мнСнию самих ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ. Новизна ΠΈ практичСская Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ обусловлСны рСкомСндациями, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠΌΠΈ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ внСдрСния СвропСйского ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ³Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΌ развития самозанятых ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΉ Π² сСкторС ΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ бизнСса ΠœΠΎΠ»Π΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹

    BiotehnoloΕ‘ka primjena kvasca Yarrowia lipolytica uzgojenog u uvjetima nedostatka tiamina

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    During the cultivation of a thiamine-auxotrophic yeast strain Yarrowia lipolytica VKM Y-2412 on ethanol, the growth limitation by thiamine leads to the production of Ξ±-ketoglutaric acid. The Ξ±-ketoglutaric acid synthesis has been studied in dependence on pH, oxygen supply and ethanol, zinc and iron concentrations. Under optimal conditions, Y. lipolytica produced 88.7 g/L of Ξ±-ketoglutaric acid. The culture broth containing Ξ±-ketoglutaric acid was subjected to chemical treatment with hydrogen peroxide, which led to the formation of succinic acid in significant quantities (71.7 g/L). Further direct esterification of succinic acid with excess absolute ethanol yielded diethyl succinate. Biomass of Y. lipolytica, a superproducer of Ξ±-ketoglutaric acid, was characterized by a high content of protein and essential amino acids, free amino acids, and unusually large amount of Ξ³-aminobutyric acid. The unique amino acid composition of the producer makes it possible to use this biomass as a component of parenteral nutrition mixtures and as a basis for neuroleptics.Auksotrofni kvasac Yarrowia lipolytica VKM Y-2412 uzgojen je na podlozi s etanolom u uvjetima nedostatka tiamina, Ε‘to je dovelo do nastajanja Ξ±-ketoglutarne kiseline. Ispitana je ovisnost njezine sinteze o pH-vrijednosti, opskrbljenosti kisikom i etanolom, te koncentracijama cinka i ΕΎeljeza. U optimalnim je uvjetima kvasac Y. lipolytica proizveo 88,7 g/L Ξ±-ketoglutarne kiseline. Podloga za uzgoj koja je sadrΕΎavala Ξ±-ketoglutarnu kiselinu kemijski je obraΔ‘ena vodikovim peroksidom, Ε‘to je dovelo do nastajanja značajne koncentracije sukcinske kiseline (71,7 g/L). Daljnjom izravnom esterifikacijom sukcinske kiseline uz suviΕ‘ak apsolutnog etanola dobiven je dietil sukcinat. Biomasu kvasca Y. lipolytica, koji proizvodi velike količine Ξ±-ketoglutarne kiseline, karakterizira veliki udjel proteina i esencijalnih aminokiselina, slobodnih aminokiselina i neuobičajeno velika količina Ξ³-aminomaslačne kiseline. Jedinstveni aminokiselinski sastav kvasca omoguΔ‡uje njegovu primjenu u intravenoznoj prehrani i pri liječenju pacijenata antipsihoticima

    Tactics for augua hernia in children

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    The article deals with the problems of the lack of a unified approach in the treatment of inguinal hernias, and a comparative assessment of the treatment of inguinal hernias with an open and laparoscopic method in children in the department of elective surgery of the Regional Children's Clinical Hospital.Π’ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рассмотрСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΡ‹ отсутствия Π΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄Π° Π² Π»Π΅Ρ‡Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€Ρ‹ΠΆ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΆΠ΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Π°Ρ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° лСчСния ΠΏΠ°Ρ…ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Ρ… Π³Ρ€Ρ‹ΠΆ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈ лапароскопичСским способом Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ Π² ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠ»Π°Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ…ΠΈΡ€ΡƒΡ€Π³ΠΈΠΈ ΠžΠ±Π»Π°ΡΡ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ дСтской клиничСской Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ½ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹

    Total and subtotalcolectomy in children

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    This article discusses the causes of total and subtotalcolectomy and the methods of surgery used. The quality of life in the postoperative period in children after colon resection in Hirschsprung's disease and neuromuscular dysplasia was assessed.Π’ Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠ΅ рассмотрСны ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΡ‡ΠΈΠ½Ρ‹ Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΈ ΡΡƒΠ±Ρ‚ΠΎΡ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ колэктомии ΠΈ ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΡƒΠ΅ΠΌΡ‹Π΅ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ ΠΎΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π²ΠΌΠ΅ΡˆΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΡΡ‚Π²Π°. ΠŸΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π° ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ° качСства ΠΆΠΈΠ·Π½ΠΈ Π² послСопСрационном ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Π΅ Ρƒ Π΄Π΅Ρ‚Π΅ΠΉ послС Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ толстого ΠΊΠΈΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½ΠΈ Π“ΠΈΡ€ΡˆΠΏΡ€ΡƒΠ½Π³Π° ΠΈ Π½Π΅ΠΉΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΉ дисплазии

    Developing Cognitive Interest of Students in Music Literature Classes with the Use of Computer Technologies

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    The article presents the content of the multimedia set, which includes multimedia presentations, a test and a quiz, an electronic collection of music transcriptions and educational games. The article describes the diversity and versatility of the proposed set which proved to be successful in the development of students' cognitive interest according to the results of the experimental search study. The possibility of adjusting the processes of pre-professional training in organizations of additional music education due to the introduction of multimedia technologies in the educational process, the positive impact of which on the development of students' cognitive interest is confirmed by the results of an experimental search study.ΠŸΡ€Π΅Π΄ΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»Π΅Π½ΠΎ содСрТаниС ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, Π²ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰Π΅Π³ΠΎ Π² сСбя ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π·Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, тСст ΠΈ Π²ΠΈΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ½Ρƒ, элСктронный Π½ΠΎΡ‚Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ сборник ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡƒΡ‡Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΠ³Ρ€Ρ‹. ΠžΠΏΠΈΡΠ°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎΡ„ΡƒΠ½ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»Π΅ΠΊΡ‚Π°, ΡƒΡΠΏΠ΅ΡˆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ примСнСния ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ интСрСса учащихся подтвСрТдаСтся Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-поискового исслСдования. Показана Π²ΠΎΠ·ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΡ€Ρ€Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²ΠΊΠΈ процСссов ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΡ„Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ обучСния Π² организациях Π΄ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΌΡƒΠ·Ρ‹ΠΊΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ образования благодаря Π²Π½Π΅Π΄Ρ€Π΅Π½ΠΈΡŽ Π² ΡƒΡ‡Π΅Π±Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ процСсс ΠΌΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΉΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ…Π½ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΠΉ, ΠΏΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠΆΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС ΠΊΠΎΡ‚ΠΎΡ€Ρ‹Ρ… Π½Π° Ρ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΡ‚ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ интСрСса учащихся подтвСрТдаСтся Ρ€Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Π°ΠΌΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΡ‹Ρ‚Π½ΠΎ-поискового исслСдования

    El desarrollo de la cultura de gestiΓ³n ambiental en estudiantes de secundaria en educaciΓ³n no formal con enfoque cultural y ecolΓ³gico

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    The purpose of the article is to develop the educational paradigm of the culture of environmental management for advanced education aimed at sustainable development. The methodological foundations of the research are established, presented by cultural-ecological, axiological, personal-activity, integral-situational methodological approaches. The key research methods are defined: system-structural analysis, generalization, systematization, design, and pedagogical experiment. Criteria, indicators and methods for diagnosing the formation of the components of the culture of nature management are revealed. Because of the research, a methodology for the formation of a culture of environmental management in the context of non-formal education was developed, including the goal, content, stages and technology of culturally oriented integral situations. To implement this methodology in educational practice, a program of activities for school β€œgreen teams” was developed: β€œWe are in the cultural landscape of estates of our native land”, its purpose, content is revealed, the interconnection of the sections of the program with the technology of culturally oriented integral situations is shown. The results of a pedagogical experiment organized at the experimental sites of Minin University are presented. The results of the experiment, in which 360 high school students took part, made it possible to draw a conclusion about the effectiveness of the formation of a culture of environmental management among students in the context of non-formal education of cultural and ecological orientation.El propΓ³sito del artΓ­culo es desarrollar el paradigma educativo de la cultura de la gestiΓ³n ambiental para una educaciΓ³n avanzada orientada al desarrollo sostenible. Se establecen los fundamentos metodolΓ³gicos de la investigaciΓ³n, presentados por enfoques metodolΓ³gicos culturales-ecolΓ³gicos, axiolΓ³gicos, de actividad personal, integrales-situacionales. Se definen los principales mΓ©todos de investigaciΓ³n: anΓ‘lisis sistΓ©mico-estructural, generalizaciΓ³n, sistematizaciΓ³n, diseΓ±o y experimentaciΓ³n pedagΓ³gica. Se revelan los criterios, indicadores y mΓ©todos para diagnosticar la formaciΓ³n de los componentes de la cultura de gestiΓ³n de la naturaleza. A partir de la investigaciΓ³n se desarrollΓ³ una metodologΓ­a para la formaciΓ³n de una cultura de gestiΓ³n ambiental en el contexto de la educaciΓ³n no formal, que incluye el objetivo, el contenido, las etapas y la tecnologΓ­a de las situaciones integrales de orientaciΓ³n cultural. Para implementar esta metodologΓ­a en la prΓ‘ctica educativa, se desarrollΓ³ un programa de actividades para β€œequipos verdes” escolares: β€œEstamos en el paisaje cultural de las fincas de nuestra tierra natal”, se revela su objetivo, contenido, se muestra la interconexiΓ³n de las secciones del programa con la tecnologΓ­a de situaciones integrales culturalmente orientadas. Se presentan los resultados de un experimento pedagΓ³gico organizado en los sitios experimentales de la Universidad de Minin. Los resultados del experimento, en el que participaron 360 estudiantes de secundaria, permitieron sacar una conclusiΓ³n sobre la eficacia de la formaciΓ³n de una cultura de gestiΓ³n ambiental entre los estudiantes en el contexto de la educaciΓ³n no formal de orientaciΓ³n cultural y ecolΓ³gica

    Anabar Region of Yakutia in the XX β€” Early XXI Centuries: Characteristics of the Local Cultural Landscape

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    The features of the ethnocultural landscape of the Anabar national (Dolgan-Evenk) ulusΒ of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) are considered. Attention is paid to the main componentsΒ of cultural landscapes: local communities and traditional economy. In the study area, the retrospective analysis made it possible to identify the dynamics of theΒ  number and settlement ofΒ residents, to state the modern functioning of two rural local communities: SaskylakhΒ  and Yuryung-khainsky. It is argued that the sustainability and preservation of traditional sectors of theΒ economy are due to the adaptation of the local population to natural landscapes. It is noted thatΒ during the XX β€” early XXI centuries, the traditional economic activities of the indigenous population, represented by different ethnic groupsΒ  that originally inhabited the territory of the ulus,Β remained unchanged and, despite all the socio-economic transformations, remain vital andΒ common for the Anabarians. The article presents the results of the analysis of a sociologicalΒ survey and an associative experiment, which revealed the features of the linguistic landscapeΒ of the area under consideration, depending on different layers of self-awareness: external, withΒ a predominance of Russian-language text in the linguistic appearance of the settlements underΒ study; individual, with a predominance of the Yakut language in intergroup communication; andΒ the subconscious, which revealed the dominance of the Dolgan cultural codes. It has beenΒ established that the cultural landscape of the Anabar ulus is the result ofΒ  centuries-old interaction of indigenous ethnic groups inhabiting this area: Dolgans, Evenks, Yakuts and Russians

    Development of the Multiplex Real-Time PCR for Marburg, Ebola, and Lassa Viruses Identification

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    Presented are the data on the development and approbation of the method of Marburg, Ebola, and Lassa viruses identification based on real-time multiplex PCR with hybridization-fluorescent detection. This method is meant for the differential diagnostics of hemorrhagic fevers caused by these viruses. Displayed are the results of determination of multiplex PCR analytical sensitivity and specific activity
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