Analysis of the power supply restoration time after failures in power transmission lines

This paper presents the analysis of power supply restoration time after failures occurring in power lines. It found that the power supply restoration time depends on several constituents, such as the time for obtaining information on failures, the time for information recognition, the time to repair failures, and the time for connection harmonization. All these constituents have been considered more specifically. The main constituents' results values of the power supply restoration time were analyzed for the electrical networks of regional power supply company "Oreolenergo", a branch of Interregional Distribution Grid Company (IDGC) of Center. The Delphi method was used for determining the time for obtaining information on failures as well as the time for information recognition. The method of mathematical statistics was used to determine the repair time. The determined power supply restoration time (5.28 h) is similar to statistical values of the examined power supply company (the deviation was equal to 9.9%). The technical means of electrical network automation capable of the reduction of the power supply restoration time have also been found. These means were classified according to the time intervals they shorten.Web of Science1311art. no. 273

Analysis of the Influence of 110 kV Power Line Parameters on the Probability of Their Failures

Рассматривая оборудование системы электроснабжения, необходимо отметить, что наиболее часто перерывы в электроснабжении случаются из- за повреждений линий электропередачи. Для сетевых компаний важно своевременно диагностировать неисправности и восстанавливать электроснабжение, чтобы минимизировать возникающие потери. Поэтому заблаговременное определение вероятности отключений электроэнергии на основе параметров самих линий может помочь электросетевым компаниям гораздо эффективнее модернизировать и строить новые, менее подверженные отказам электрические сети. Цель исследования – анализ влияния параметров линий электропередачи напряжением 110 кВ на вероятность их отказов. Настоящее исследование заключается в подготовке данных по отключениям ЛЭП 110 кВ путем группирования, удаления ненужной информации, создания синтетических параметров и их обработки путем заполнения пропущенных значений и удалений дубликатов. Затем производился разведочный анализ данных, включающий в себя анализ статистических характеристик рассматриваемых параметров, выявление выбросов и аномалий и корреляционный анализ. Исследование производилось на языке программирования Python в среде разработки Jupyter Notebook, задействованы библиотеки Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Phik. Данные для анализа были подготовлены с помощью методов группировки и слияния, удалены наименее значимые параметры, параметр «срок эксплуатации ЛЭП» стандартизирован, синтезирован целевой признак – «Факт отключения на ЛЭП». Итоговым результатом стала таблица, содержащая 10 параметров, включая целевой признак, и 395 строк. В ходе анализа категориальных параметров были выявлены дисбаланс классов целевого признака, влияние типа провода и транзитности линии на отказ ЛЭП 110 кВ. Анализ распределения значений количественных переменных подтвердил, что снижение вероятности отключений наблюдается с улучшением технического состояния ЛЭП, уменьшением длины линий, количества опор и снижением срока эксплуатации ЛЭП. Корреляционный анализ позволил установить отсутствие сильной корреляции с целевой переменной и наличие мультиколлинеарности между всеми параметрами, отображающими протяжённость ЛЭП и количество ЖБ опорWhen considering power supply system equipment, it should be noted that most often power supply interruptions occur due to damage to power lines. It is important for power grid companies to promptly diagnose faults and restore power supply in order to minimize losses. Therefore, determining in advance the probability of power outages based on the parameters of the power lines themselves can help power grid companies modernize much more efficiently and build new power grids with less failure rate. Aim of the article is analysis of the influence 110 kV power line parameters on the probability of their failures. This study consists of preparing a data on power outages of 110 kV power lines by by clustering, removing unnecessary information, creating synthetic parameters and processing them by imputing missing values and removing duplicates. Then exploratory data analysis was carried out, including analysis of statistical characteristics for considered parameters, identification of outliers and anomalies, and correlation analysis. The research was carried out in the Python programming language in the Jupyter Notebook development environment, using the Pandas, NumPy, Matplotlib, Seaborn, Phik libraries. The data for analysis was prepared using grouping and merging methods, the least significant parameters were removed, the “power line service life” parameter was standardized, and the target attribute was synthesized – “The fact of power line outage.” The final result was a table containing 10 parameters, including the target feature, and 395 rows. During the analysis of categorical parameters, an imbalance of classes of the target feature, the influence of the type of wire and the transit fact on 110 kV power line failure were identified. An analysis of the distribution of quantitative variables confirmed that a decrease in outage probability is observed with an improvement in technical condition of lines, a decrease in line length, in the number of supports and in the service life of power lines. Correlation analysis allows establishing the absence of a strong correlation with the target feature and the presence of multicollinearity between all parameters reflecting the length of power lines and the number of reinforced concrete support

Allocation of 0.4 kV PTL Sectionalizing Units under Criteria of Sensitivity Limits and Power Supply Reliability

Sectionalizing 0.4 kV power transmission lines (PTL) improves power supply reliability and reduces electricity undersupply through the prevention of energy disconnection of consumers in the event of a short circuit in the power line behind the sectionalizing unit (SU). This research examines the impact of sectionalizing on power supply reliability and reviews the literature on sectionalizing unit allocation strategies in electrical networks. This paper describes the experience of the use of sectionalizing units with listing strengths and weaknesses of adopted technical solutions and describes the new structure of sectionalizing units. A new methodology is proposed, whereby there are two criteria for allocating SU in 0.4 kV power transmission lines. The first criterion is the sensitivity limits against single-phase short circuits used for calculating the maximum distance at which SU can be installed. The second criterion is power supply reliability improvement, evaluating the cost-effectiveness of installing sectionalizing equipment by reducing power supply outage time. The established methodology was put to the test on an actual electrical system (Mezenka village, Orel area, Russia), which demonstrated that the installation of a sectionalizing unit paid off

Data handling as a basis for local antimicrobial resistance surveillance

Continuing trends of antimicrobial resistance growth require a set of countermeasures, of which antimicrobial resistance surveillance at the global, national, and local levels plays one of the most important roles. Local surveillance systems are the most significant in controlling the changes in susceptibility of microorganisms in specific settings and contribute to the necessary activities, including prevention of epidemics. This paper presents basic principles and recommendations for handling antimicrobial resistance surveillance data, provides examples of table completion and metadata quick guide. A focus is made on specific issues and problems associated with surveillance data handling and the ways to resolve those problems are proposed

Comparative analysis of environmentally friendly materials

Woodworking industry currently generates a large amount of unused waste suitable for recycling. The solution to this urgent problem is the use of this raw material in construction industry, which would solve many economic and environmental problems. The article describes the main technologies for the construction of residential houses from wood concrete blocks and the features of the construction and operation of such buildings. Methods of comparative analysis of the structure of wood concrete and brick housing construction and the possibility of ecological materials’ effective use in the conditions of the Rostov region on the basis of thermal engineering calculation are also presented. Having analyzed the main characteristics and properties of ecological building material, the main advantages and disadvantages of wood concrete in the construction and further operation of residential buildings are considered

Allocation of 0.4 kV PTL Sectionalizing Units under Criteria of Sensitivity Limits and Power Supply Reliability

Sectionalizing 0.4 kV power transmission lines (PTL) improves power supply reliability and reduces electricity undersupply through the prevention of energy disconnection of consumers in the event of a short circuit in the power line behind the sectionalizing unit (SU). This research examines the impact of sectionalizing on power supply reliability and reviews the literature on sectionalizing unit allocation strategies in electrical networks. This paper describes the experience of the use of sectionalizing units with listing strengths and weaknesses of adopted technical solutions and describes the new structure of sectionalizing units. A new methodology is proposed, whereby there are two criteria for allocating SU in 0.4 kV power transmission lines. The first criterion is the sensitivity limits against single-phase short circuits used for calculating the maximum distance at which SU can be installed. The second criterion is power supply reliability improvement, evaluating the cost-effectiveness of installing sectionalizing equipment by reducing power supply outage time. The established methodology was put to the test on an actual electrical system (Mezenka village, Orel area, Russia), which demonstrated that the installation of a sectionalizing unit paid off

Challenges and methods of monitoring the occurrence of unsanctioned voltage in the power grid

The review of sources dedicated to the issues of monitoring in electric networks made in the article showed that the works of many scientists are aimed at developing methods, technical means, systems for monitoring current and voltage in various operation modes of power grids. The main objectives of monitoring are identified, it is shown that monitoring of parameters in the network operation modes provides observability of the network, which, in turn, allows to make timely decisions about switching in the network, regulating the parameters of the network operation modes. The relevance of monitoring for detecting cases of unauthorized voltage in the 0.4 kV power networks is shown. Similar cases lead to the risk of electric shock to people, increasing the risk of operating electrical networks. Identification of the occurrence of unauthorized voltage in the 0.4 kV network provides ways to prevent its transformation at substations of 10/0. 4 kV to a voltage of 10 kV. Therefore, it is relevant to develop methods for detecting unauthorized voltage in the 0.4 kV electric system. The methodological principles and one of the developed methods for monitoring the occurrence of unauthorized voltage in power transmission lines of 0.4 kV and blocking the reverse transformation on substations 10/0.4 kV, as well as the device for its implementation, are shown

Analysis of the concepts of building microgrids containing distributed generation objects

In this article, the authors consider the materials of research on the construction and operation of intelligent power supply systems with a nominal voltage of up to 1000 V, containing distributed generation facilities. The author’s approach to the construction of microgrids based on multi-contact switching systems is proposed. The similarities and differences of the presented concepts are determined. The main problematic issues that arise in the process of implementing projects for the construction of microgrids and the management of electric power modes of operation are formulated. The ways of solving the problems related to the management of the modes of operation of microgrids are proposed