22 research outputs found
Efficiency of three-terminal thermoelectric transport under broken-time reversal symmetry
We investigate thermoelectric efficiency of systems with broken time reversal
symmetry under a three-terminal transport. Using a model of Aharonov-Bohm
interferometer formed with three noninteracting quantum dots, we show that
Carnot efficiency can be achieved when the thermopower is a symmetric function
of the applied magnetic field. On the other hand, the maximal value of the
efficiency at maximum power is obtained for asymmetric thermopower. Indeed, we
show that Curzon-Ahlborn limit is exceeded within the linear response regime in
our model. Moreover, we investigate thermoelectric efficiency for random
Hamiltonians drawn from the Gaussian Unitary Ensemble and for a more abstract
transmission model. In this latter model we find that the efficiency is
improved using sharp energy-dependent transmission functions.Comment: 10 pages, 8 figure
Adiabatic Quantum Transport in a Spin Chain with a Moving Potential
Many schemes to realize quantum state transfer in spin chains are not robust
to random fluctuations in the spin-spin coupling strength. In efforts to
achieve robust quantum state transfer, an adiabatic quantum population transfer
scheme is proposed in this study. The proposed scheme makes use of a slowly
moving external parabolic potential and is qualitatively explained in terms of
the adiabatic following of a quantum state with a moving separatrix structure
in the classical phase space of a pendulum analogy. Detailed aspects of our
adiabatic population transfer scheme, including its robustness, is studied
computationally. Applications of our adiabatic scheme in quantum information
transfer are also discussed, with emphasis placed on the usage of a dual spin
chain to encode quantum phases. The results should also be useful for the
control of electron tunneling in an array of quantum dots.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Physical Review
Studies of quantum spin chain dynamics and their potential applications in quantum information
Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH
Heat current rectification and mobility edges
We investigate how the presence of a single-particle mobility edge in a
system can generate strong heat current rectification. Specifically, we study a
quadratic bosonic chain subject to a quasi-periodic potential and coupled at
its boundaries to spin baths of differing temperature. We find that
rectification increases by orders of magnitude depending on the spatial
position in the chain of localized eigenstates above the mobility edge. The
largest enhancements occur when the coupling of one bath to the system is
dominated by a localized eigenstate, while the other bath couples to numerous
delocalized eigenstates. By tuning the parameters of the quasi-periodic
potential it is thus possible to vary the amplitude, and even invert the
direction, of the rectification.Comment: 5+3 pages 4+4 figure
A clinical study of cutaneous changes in pregnancy
AbstractBackground/objectivePregnant women experience a myriad of physiological and metabolic changes that affect different organ systems in the body. Cutaneous and appendageal alterations that manifest during pregnancy are largely modulated by hormonal, immunologic, and metabolic factors. Detailed reports encompassing physiological changes and specific dermatoses of pregnancy and effects of various dermatoses on pregnant women are scanty in literature. This study was conducted to examine in detail both physiological changes and specific dermatoses. The cutaneous changes are divided into physiological changes, skin diseases aggravated by pregnancy, and specific dermatoses of pregnancy. The objectives were to study the various cutaneous changes of pregnancy and to know the proportion of these cutaneous manifestations in pregnant women.MethodsThis study included 600 pregnant women attending the Obstetrics and Gynecology Department of a tertiary teaching hospital in Northern Kerala, India. Detailed history elicitation and complete physical and dermatological examination were performed. Skin biopsy was performed in relevant cases.ResultsCutaneous changes were seen in a majority of patients, of which physiological changes were the most common (99%). The most common cutaneous manifestation was hyperpigmentation (526; 87.6%), followed by striae gravidarum (72.8%). Other changes were vascular, including pedal edema (10%), pregnancy gingivitis (1.8%), and varicose veins (1%). Infections were the common dermatological problem in this study group. The most common infections were vulvovaginal candidiasis (21%), Tinea versicolor (6%), scabies (2.8%), dermatophytosis (1.5%), and sexually transmitted infection (0.5%). Specific dermatoses were seen in 12 cases (2%), with the most common being pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (1.3%).ConclusionPregnant women are prone to suffer from a wide range of dermatological problems apart from specific dermatoses of pregnancy. The study emphasizes the need for a detailed and meticulous examination of these patients to detect these various disorders
Slow relaxation of out-of-time-ordered correlators in interacting integrable and nonintegrable spin-1/2 XYZ chains
Out-of-time ordered correlators (OTOCs) help characterize the scrambling of
quantum information and are usually studied in the context of nonintegrable
systems. In this work, we compare the relaxation dynamics of OTOCs in
interacting integrable and nonintegrable spin-1/2 XYZ chains in regimes without
a classical counterpart. In both kinds of chains, using the presence of
symmetries such as and supersymmetry, we consider regimes in which the
OTOC operators overlap or not with the Hamiltonian. We show that the relaxation
of the OTOCs is slow (fast) when there is (there is not) an overlap,
independently of whether the chain is integrable or nonintegrable. When slow,
we show that the OTOC dynamics follows closely that of the two-point
correlators. We study the dynamics of OTOCs using numerical calculations, and
gain analytical insights from the properties of the diagonal and of the
off-diagonal matrix elements of the corresponding local operators in the energy
eigenbasis.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, as publishe