Populism and seniors: how the political thinking of the elderly is affected by online environment

Dnešní doba označovaná jako postpravdivá, postfaktická nebo jako doba alternativních faktů, ovlivňuje všechny věkové skupiny, ale problém může znamenat hlavně pro dnešní generaci seniorů, kteří na informační přesycení a využívání nových médií nejsou zvyklí z dob svého mládí a produktivního věku. Tato bakalářská práce se snaží zachytit, jakým způsobem dezinformace v online prostředí ovlivňují politické preference u seniorů a zda se na internetu setkávají s politickými kampaněmi. Dále má práce za cíl vnést do debaty odborný náhled, jak je možné snížit dopad dezinformací na seniory. Hlavní částí této praktické bakalářské práce je audio formát podcast. Vznikl kombinací rozhovorů s několika seniory a se třemi odborníky z různých oborů. Respondenti z řad seniorů v podcastu sdělují své zkušenosti z internetu. Odborníci pak obecněji navazují na problematiku, kterou v rozhovorech zmiňují senioři, a dodávají odborný vhled. Jako experta na mediální gramotnost seniorů jsem zvolila Jaroslava Valůcha, který je koordinátorem mediálně vzdělávacích aktivit organizace Transitions; jako komunikační expert se v podcastu vyjadřuje Jiří Táborský, bývalý novinář a autor knihy V síti dezinformací: proč věříme alternativním faktům; a z pohledu psychologie dodává odborné znalosti PhDr. Romana Mazalová, PhD., která se zabývá...The current era, often labelled as the post-factual, post-true era or the era of the alternative facts, has impact on all age groups. However, it may occur as a problem predominantly for the generation of current seniors, who weren't used to information overflow and usage of new media from their youth or productive age. This bachelor thesis aims to capture, how the political preferences of the elderly are affected by disinformation in the online environment, and, whether seniors encounter political campaigns there. Further, the thesis has an effort to bring into the debate an expert insight, how possibly mitigate the disinformation effect in the case of seniors. The main part of this practical bachelor thesis is an audio format podcast. It combines interviews with several seniors and with three experts from different areas. Senior respondents share their own experiences from the online environment. The experts then more generally follow up the problematics contained in the seniors' testimonies and add the expertise. I chose Jaroslav Valůch, the media education activities coordinator from the organization Transitions, as an expert from the field of media literacy; former journalist and the author of the publication In the network of disinformation: why we believe in alternative facts Jiří Táborský...Department of JournalismKatedra žurnalistikyFakulta sociálních vědFaculty of Social Science

Populism and seniors: how the political thinking of the elderly is affected by online environment

The current era, often labelled as the post-factual, post-true era or the era of the alternative facts, has impact on all age groups. However, it may occur as a problem predominantly for the generation of current seniors, who weren't used to information overflow and usage of new media from their youth or productive age. This bachelor thesis aims to capture, how the political preferences of the elderly are affected by disinformation in the online environment, and, whether seniors encounter political campaigns there. Further, the thesis has an effort to bring into the debate an expert insight, how possibly mitigate the disinformation effect in the case of seniors. The main part of this practical bachelor thesis is an audio format podcast. It combines interviews with several seniors and with three experts from different areas. Senior respondents share their own experiences from the online environment. The experts then more generally follow up the problematics contained in the seniors' testimonies and add the expertise. I chose Jaroslav Valůch, the media education activities coordinator from the organization Transitions, as an expert from the field of media literacy; former journalist and the author of the publication In the network of disinformation: why we believe in alternative facts Jiří Táborský..

CsFEVER and CTKFacts: Acquiring Czech data for fact verification

In this paper, we examine several methods of acquiring Czech data for automated fact-checking, which is a task commonly modeled as a classification of textual claim veracity w.r.t. a corpus of trusted ground truths. We attempt to collect sets of data in form of a factual claim, evidence within the ground truth corpus, and its veracity label (supported, refuted or not enough info). As a first attempt, we generate a Czech version of the large-scale FEVER dataset built on top of Wikipedia corpus. We take a hybrid approach of machine translation and document alignment; the approach and the tools we provide can be easily applied to other languages. We discuss its weaknesses and inaccuracies, propose a future approach for their cleaning and publish the 127k resulting translations, as well as a version of such dataset reliably applicable for the Natural Language Inference task - the CsFEVER-NLI. Furthermore, we collect a novel dataset of 3,097 claims, which is annotated using the corpus of 2.2M articles of Czech News Agency. We present its extended annotation methodology based on the FEVER approach, and, as the underlying corpus is kept a trade secret, we also publish a standalone version of the dataset for the task of Natural Language Inference we call CTKFactsNLI. We analyze both acquired datasets for spurious cues - annotation patterns leading to model overfitting. CTKFacts is further examined for inter-annotator agreement, thoroughly cleaned, and a typology of common annotator errors is extracted. Finally, we provide baseline models for all stages of the fact-checking pipeline and publish the NLI datasets, as well as our annotation platform and other experimental data.Comment: submitted to LREV journal for review, resubmission, changed title according to reviewer suggestio