Crecimiento corporal, composición proximal del músculo y parámetros hematológicos de juveniles de Colossoma macropomum alimentados con una dieta exclusivamente vegetal en comparación con una dieta con bajo contenido de harina de pescado

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of a vegetable diet compared to a diet containing fishmeal at the commercial level (6%) on body growth, proximal composition of fillets and hematological parameters of juvenil gamitana (Colossoma macropomum). The experiment followed a completely randomized design with two treatments, an exclusively vegetable diet and a diet with low fishmeal content (6%), and three 200 m3 dug earthen ponds as experimental units per treatment. A total of 1200 fish (172.9 g; 19.4 cm) distributed in the six ponds (1 fish/m3) were used. Feeding was done twice a day (08:00 and 16:00) at a daily feeding rate of 2% for 60 days. The water quality parameters were monitored daily and showed constant values and within the comfort range of the species. The exclusively vegetable diet had a similar effect as the fishmeal diet on body growth [final weight 258.9 g, weight gain 86.1 g, supplied feed 128.4 g, feed conversion 1.24, relative growth rate 1.74%/day, factor of condition 1.91, 0% mortality], the proximal composition of fillets [moisture 77.90%, ash 1.39%, protein 18.98%, lipid 0.86%], as well as in the hematological parameters. It is concluded that an exclusively vegetable diet can be used for the rearing of juvenile gamitana, contributing to the sustainability of its production and reduction of feeding costs.El estudio tuvo como objetivo determinar el efecto de una dieta vegetal en comparación con una dieta conteniendo harina de pescado al nivel comercial (6%) sobre el crecimiento corporal, composición proximal del músculo y parámetros hematológicos de juveniles de gamitana (Colossoma macropomum). El experimento siguió un diseño completamente al azar con dos tratamientos, una dieta exclusivamente vegetal y una dieta con bajo contenido de harina de pescado (6%), y tres estanques de tierra excavados de 200 m3 como unidades experimentales por tratamiento. Se trabajó con 1200 peces (172.9 g; 19.4 cm) distribuidos en los seis estanques (1 pez/m3). La alimentación se hizo dos veces al día (08:00 y 16:00) a una tasa de alimentación diaria de 2% durante 60 días. Los parámetros de calidad de agua fueron monitoreados diariamente y mostraron valores constantes y dentro del rango de confort de la especie. La dieta exclusivamente vegetal causó similar efecto que la dieta con harina de pescado sobre el crecimiento corporal [peso final 258.9 g, ganancia de peso 86.1 g, alimento ofrecido 128.4 g, conversión alimenticia 1.24, tasa de crecimiento relativo 1.74%/día, factor de condición 1.91, 0% de mortalidad], la composición proximal del músculo [humedad 77.90%, cenizas 1.39%, proteínas 18.98%, lípidos 0.86%], así como en los parámetros hematológicos. Se concluye que una dieta exclusivamente vegetal puede ser utilizada para la crianza de juveniles de gamitana contribuyendo a la sostenibilidad de su producción y reducción de costos por alimentación

Efecto de la inclusión en la dieta de hidrolizado proteico de pescado sobre el crecimiento corporal y composición proximal del músculo de doncella (Pseudoplatystoma punctifer)

The effect of including fish protein hydrolyzate in the diet on body growth and proximate composition of the muscle of juvenile spotted tiger shovelnose catfish (Pseudoplatystoma punctifer) was evaluated. A completely randomized experimental design with a 2x4 factorial arrangement (2 diets, 4 sampling times [days 15, 30, 45 and 60]) was used, resulting in 8 treatments with 3 replications each. The formulated diets were isocaloric (42.15% CP) and isoproteic (4 415.69 kcal EB kg-1): a control (DT; without supplementation) and another with the inclusion of 1.20% fish protein hydrolyzate (DHP) in substitution of fishmeal. A total of 114 juveniles (642.65 g; 47.93 cm) were distributed in excavated ponds of 200 m2 (19 fish/pond) for 60 days. Every 15 days, eight fish per experimental unit were captured to evaluate body growth (final weight FW, final length FL, weight gain WG, length gain LG, specific growth rate SGR, feed conversion FC, protein efficiency rate PER). survival S and condition factor CF). In addition, three fish per experimental unit on days 0 and 60 of the experiment were slaughtered for muscle chemical composition analysis. DHP did not affect FL, LG, PER, S, CF, or proximal muscle composition; however, the fish fed with the DHP diet presented better performance expressed in FW (1049.17 g vs. 919.56 g), WG (406.52 g vs. 276.91 g) and SGR (0.82 vs. 0.60) at 60 days of feeding, as well as better CF compared to the diet without supplementation.Se evaluó el efecto de la inclusión en la dieta de hidrolizado proteico de pescado sobre el crecimiento corporal y la composición química del músculo de juveniles de doncella.  El estudio siguió un diseño experimental completamente al azar con un arreglo factorial de 2 x 4 [2 dietas vs. 4 tiempos de muestreo (15°, 30°, 45° y 60° día)], resultando en 8 tratamiento con 3 repeticiones cada uno. Los tratamientos fueron: T1: DT15; T2: DHP15; T3: DT30;  T4: DHP30; T5: DT45; T6: DHP45; T7: DT60 y T8: DHP60. Las dietas formuladas fueron isocalóricas (42.15% PB) e isoproteicas (4,415.69 kcal EB kg-1): una testigo (DT; sin suplementación) y otra con inclusión de 1.20% de hidrolizado proteico de pescado (DHP) en substitución de la harina de pescado. Un total de 114 doncellas (642.65 g; 47.93 cm) fueron distribuidas en estanques excavados de 200 m2 (19 peces/estanque) y alimentadas con las dietas experimentales durante 60 días. Cada 15 días, ocho peces por unidad experimental fueron capturados para evaluar el crecimiento corporal de los animales (peso final PF, longitud final LF, ganancia de peso GP, ganancia de longitud GL, tasa de crecimiento específico TCE, conversión alimenticia CA, tasa de eficiencia proteica TEP, sobrevivencia S y factor de condición FC). Adicionalmente, al iniciar (día 0) y finalizar (día 60) el experimento tres peces por unidad experimental fueron sacrificados por punción cerebral para análisis de composición química del músculo. DHP no afectó la LT, GL, TEP, S, FC, ni la composición proximal del músculo de doncella; sin embargo, juveniles de esta especie alimentados con dieta suplementada presentaron mejor desempeño expresados en PF (1049.17 g vs. 919.56 g), GP (406.52 g vs. 276.91 g)y TCE (0.82 vs. 0.60) a los 60 días de alimentación, así como mejor CA en comparación con la dieta sin suplementación

Association of Country Income Level With the Characteristics and Outcomes of Critically Ill Patients Hospitalized With Acute Kidney Injury and COVID-19

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) has been identified as one of the most common and significant problems in hospitalized patients with COVID-19. However, studies examining the relationship between COVID-19 and AKI in low- and low-middle income countries (LLMIC) are lacking. Given that AKI is known to carry a higher mortality rate in these countries, it is important to understand differences in this population. Methods: This prospective, observational study examines the AKI incidence and characteristics of 32,210 patients with COVID-19 from 49 countries across all income levels who were admitted to an intensive care unit during their hospital stay. Results: Among patients with COVID-19 admitted to the intensive care unit, AKI incidence was highest in patients in LLMIC, followed by patients in upper-middle income countries (UMIC) and high-income countries (HIC) (53%, 38%, and 30%, respectively), whereas dialysis rates were lowest among patients with AKI from LLMIC and highest among those from HIC (27% vs. 45%). Patients with AKI in LLMIC had the largest proportion of community-acquired AKI (CA-AKI) and highest rate of in-hospital death (79% vs. 54% in HIC and 66% in UMIC). The association between AKI, being from LLMIC and in-hospital death persisted even after adjusting for disease severity. Conclusions: AKI is a particularly devastating complication of COVID-19 among patients from poorer nations where the gaps in accessibility and quality of healthcare delivery have a major impact on patient outcomes

Thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications of COVID-19 in adults hospitalized in high-income countries compared with those in adults hospitalized in low- and middle-income countries in an international registry

Background: COVID-19 has been associated with a broad range of thromboembolic, ischemic, and hemorrhagic complications (coagulopathy complications). Most studies have focused on patients with severe disease from high-income countries (HICs). Objectives: The main aims were to compare the frequency of coagulopathy complications in developing countries (low- and middle-income countries [LMICs]) with those in HICs, delineate the frequency across a range of treatment levels, and determine associations with in-hospital mortality. Methods: Adult patients enrolled in an observational, multinational registry, the International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infections COVID-19 study, between January 1, 2020, and September 15, 2021, met inclusion criteria, including admission to a hospital for laboratory-confirmed, acute COVID-19 and data on complications and survival. The advanced-treatment cohort received care, such as admission to the intensive care unit, mechanical ventilation, or inotropes or vasopressors; the basic-treatment cohort did not receive any of these interventions. Results: The study population included 495,682 patients from 52 countries, with 63% from LMICs and 85% in the basic treatment cohort. The frequency of coagulopathy complications was higher in HICs (0.76%-3.4%) than in LMICs (0.09%-1.22%). Complications were more frequent in the advanced-treatment cohort than in the basic-treatment cohort. Coagulopathy complications were associated with increased in-hospital mortality (odds ratio, 1.58; 95% CI, 1.52-1.64). The increased mortality associated with these complications was higher in LMICs (58.5%) than in HICs (35.4%). After controlling for coagulopathy complications, treatment intensity, and multiple other factors, the mortality was higher among patients in LMICs than among patients in HICs (odds ratio, 1.45; 95% CI, 1.39-1.51). Conclusion: In a large, international registry of patients hospitalized for COVID-19, coagulopathy complications were more frequent in HICs than in LMICs (developing countries). Increased mortality associated with coagulopathy complications was of a greater magnitude among patients in LMICs. Additional research is needed regarding timely diagnosis of and intervention for coagulation derangements associated with COVID-19, particularly for limited-resource settings

ISARIC-COVID-19 dataset: A Prospective, Standardized, Global Dataset of Patients Hospitalized with COVID-19

The International Severe Acute Respiratory and Emerging Infection Consortium (ISARIC) COVID-19 dataset is one of the largest international databases of prospectively collected clinical data on people hospitalized with COVID-19. This dataset was compiled during the COVID-19 pandemic by a network of hospitals that collect data using the ISARIC-World Health Organization Clinical Characterization Protocol and data tools. The database includes data from more than 705,000 patients, collected in more than 60 countries and 1,500 centres worldwide. Patient data are available from acute hospital admissions with COVID-19 and outpatient follow-ups. The data include signs and symptoms, pre-existing comorbidities, vital signs, chronic and acute treatments, complications, dates of hospitalization and discharge, mortality, viral strains, vaccination status, and other data. Here, we present the dataset characteristics, explain its architecture and how to gain access, and provide tools to facilitate its use