Campaigns Against Intimate Partner Violence Toward Women in Portugal: Types of Prevention and Target Audiences

Understanding the objectives and groups targeted by previous campaigns to prevent intimate partner violence will prove useful in developing future such efforts. This study examines the types of prevention and audiences of Portuguese poster campaigns against Intimate Partner Violence (IPV) toward women, comparing governmental and nongovernmental organizations and observing how objectives evolved between 2000 and 2011. These comparisons were made through inductive and deductive content analysis of 74 posters – received after contacting 1,097 institutions – using standardized residual analysis from the chi-square test. Results indicated tertiary prevention as the main aim and the general population as the main target audience. Differences in these regards were found between public and private organizations, and campaigns were found to have changed over the years, mainly concerning target audiences. This study provides an overview of the directions of the campaigns against IPV over 11 years; these emphasized the urgency of informing abused or at-risk women about resources available in the community and strategies for getting help, and they sought to alert the general population that IPV is a public crime that everyone has a responsibility to combat.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Guilt, Psychological Well-Being and Religiosity in Contemporary Cinema

This study explains the change in meaning that psychology has given to the relationship between religiosity and psychological well-being since the beginning of the 20th century, dating it back to the deep change introduced by post-modernity. Guilt is interpreted as a paradigm of this change in meaning, and the reflection that the different ways of understanding guilt have had on the screen is analyzed. The Content Analysis of a sample of 94 films showed 5 modes of expression of guilt that can be placed on a continuum from the traditional Judeo-Christian model that serves as a benchmark—harm-repentance-penitence-forgiveness—to the removal of guilt as a requirement for self-realization. The other three models emerge between these two poles: the absence of guilt as a psychiatric pathology; the resignification of the guilty act for the reduction in dissonance; and idealized regret at no cost. Studying guilt-coping models of the films allows us to infer the hypothesis that a large part of the current positive view of religiosity in psychological well-being is related to a culture that does not demand psychological suffering as a requirement for a full experience of spirituality

Justificación y legitimación de la violencia en la infancia: un estudio sobre la legitimación social de las agresiones en los conflictos cotidianos entre menores

Esta tesis doctoral se estructura en dos grandes bloques: el marco teórico y el estudio empírico. En la parte teórica se presentan las fuentes clásicas que tomamos como referencia para nuestro estudio y los conceptos de conflicto y violencia (capítulo primero); después se concreta el problema objeto de estudio, la presencia de la violencia en los conflictos cotidianos, desde tres perspectivas: la percepción de justicia, las relaciones interpersonales y la socialización de la violencia (capítulo segundo); para finalmente exponer el núcleo teórico del trabajo: el fenómeno de la legitimación de la violencia y la descripción de los procesos psicosociales que intervienen en él (capítulo tercero). Ya en la parte empírica, tras la descripción metodológica (capítulo cuarto) se presentan los resultados: en primer lugar, la interpretación de los datos referidos a los proceso de justificación y legitimación moral de la violencia (capítulo quinto); seguido del análisis de los procesos de legitimación social (interpersonal), (capítulo sexto); para posteriormente, evaluar una serie opciones diferentes por las que se atribuye legitimidad al uso de la violencia en los conflictos entre iguales (capítulo séptimo). A modo de conclusión, recapitulamos los resultados más relevantes y reflexionamos acerca de la deslegitimación de la violencia en los conflictos cotidianos entre menores.[ABSTRACT]This thesis is divided in two main sections: the theoretical framework and the empirical research. In the first section we present, on the one hand, the classic theories that we take as our point of reference and on the other hand, these two concepts; violence and conflict (chapter one). We talk about violence in daily conflicts among equals; all this from a moral, social and cultural aspect (chapter two). The main or central point in our work is the violence legitimization phenomenon (chapter three).In the empirical work, we show the methodological design (chapter four) and the explanation of the results. Firstly we explain about the conclusions of the justification and moral legitimation processes (chapter five). Secondly, the conclusions about the social legitimation of violence (chapter six) and last but not least, the conclusions about the violence legitimacy attribution options (or ways) in conflicts among children (chapter seven). Finally, we also explain the conclusions about the no-legitimation of violence among children