Phenolic content and antioxidant activity in Lentinula edodes grown on eucalyptus biomass

Objective. To determine whether Lentinula edodes (L edodes) cultured on eucalyptus chips in the Ecuadorian highland generates antioxidant metabolites and anti-inflammatory effects.Methods. Total phenolic content was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu reaction, the in vitro antioxidant activity of L edodes extracts was evaluated by the DPPH method and the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was studied in mice. The chemical composition was studied by phytochemical screening and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS).Results. Total phenols were higher in extracts with increasingly high-water content. The antioxidant activity was robust and significantly strong in these extracts, suggesting the active metabolites are water-soluble. The anti-inflammation activity was significant in aqueous extracts only. Phytochemical screening indicated an overall similar composition to the literature reported earlier. GC/MS detected galactitol, trehalose, xylitol, phosphoric acid and octadecanoic acid among the most abundant metabolites.Conclusions. Cultivation on eucalyptus biomass at the Ecuadorian highlands retains the overall chemical composition, the phenolic content, antioxidant levels, and the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of L edodes. The 11.3% content of trehalose observed is interesting for its capacity to control cellular stress damage.Key Words: inflammation, antioxidants, phenols, shiitake, Lentinula, phytotherapeutic

Eficacia del Extracto Opuntia Ficus como Normolipemiante en animales de experimentación

Introduction: The use in therapeutics of medicinal plants; has been very useful to cure diseases since ancient times in application to "traditional medicine". There is an increase in "Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases", such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypolipidemia, and stroke. Objective: Therefore, the normo-lipidemic activity of Opuntia Ficus Indica was evaluated in Wistar rats. Methods: Seven groups of seven animals each were formed, normal group, negative (no treatment), positive (atorvastatin), group (Opuntia Streptacantha), 3 groups (opuntia ficus indica different doses). Initial lipid profile values were determined, hyperlipidemia was induced by administration of a hypercaloric diet (carbohydrates 31.52% and total fat 28.33%) for 60 days, and once the dyslipidemia was proved, the treatments were administered to each group, respectively. Lipid profile values were determined after 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment. Results: The results obtained: total cholesterol from the seventh day of administration of the post-hyperlipidemia treatments, regularized to normal values (58.1±10.0 mg/dl), compared to the negative control (group B) (127.25±14.12 mg/dl), maintaining this trend on day 21 of treatment. The HDL from day 7 of administration the values began to normalize in all OFI treatment groups (18.3±3.4 mg/dl), on day 21 to the group that was administered the dose of 62.5 mg/kg, in which the HDL values (25.6±3.3 mg/dl) normalized. Conclusion: It is concluded that OFI extracts regulated lipid values in experimental animals.Introducción: El empleo en la terapéutica de las plantas medicinales; ha sido de mucha utilidad para curar enfermedades desde tiempos ancestrales en aplicación a la “medicina tradicional”. Existe un aumento de las “Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles”, como diabetes, aterosclerosis, hipelipidemias, accidente cerebrovascular. Objetivo: Por lo que se evaluó la actividad Normo-lipemiante de Opuntia Ficus Indica en ratas Wistar. Métodos: Se conformaron siete grupos de siete animales cada uno, grupo normal, negativo (sin tratamiento), positivo (atorvastatina), grupo (Opuntia Streptacantha), 3 grupos (opuntia ficus indica diferentes dosis). Se determinaron valores iniciales del perfil lipídico, se indujo hiperlipidemia a partir de administración de dieta hipercalórica (carbohidratos 31,52% y grasa total 28,33%) por 60 días, comprobada la dislipidemia, se administraron los tratamientos a cada grupo, respectivamente. Se realizó determinaciones de valores de perfil lipídico a los 7, 14 y 21 días de tratamientos. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos: colesterol total a partir del séptimo día de administración de los tratamientos post-hiperlipidemia, se regularizó a valores normales como (58,1±10,0 mg/dl), en comparación con el control negativo (grupo B) (127,25±14,12 mg/dl), manteniendo esta tendencia el día 21 del tratamiento. El HDL a partir del día 7 de administración los valores empezaron a normalizar en todos los grupos de tratamiento OFI (18,3±3,4 mg/dl), en el día 21 al grupo que se le administró la dosis de 62,5 mg/Kg, en que los valores de HDL (25,6±3,3 mg/dl) se normalizaron. Conclusión: Se concluye que los extractos de OFI regularon los valores de lípidos en los animales de experimentación

Eficacia del Extracto Opuntia Ficus como Normolipemiante en animales de experimentación

Introduction: The use in therapeutics of medicinal plants; has been very useful to cure diseases since ancient times in application to "traditional medicine". There is an increase in "Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases", such as diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypolipidemia, and stroke. Objective: Therefore, the normo-lipidemic activity of Opuntia Ficus Indica was evaluated in Wistar rats. Methods: Seven groups of seven animals each were formed, normal group, negative (no treatment), positive (atorvastatin), group (Opuntia Streptacantha), 3 groups (opuntia ficus indica different doses). Initial lipid profile values were determined, hyperlipidemia was induced by administration of a hypercaloric diet (carbohydrates 31.52% and total fat 28.33%) for 60 days, and once the dyslipidemia was proved, the treatments were administered to each group, respectively. Lipid profile values were determined after 7, 14 and 21 days of treatment. Results: The results obtained: total cholesterol from the seventh day of administration of the post-hyperlipidemia treatments, regularized to normal values (58.1±10.0 mg/dl), compared to the negative control (group B) (127.25±14.12 mg/dl), maintaining this trend on day 21 of treatment. The HDL from day 7 of administration the values began to normalize in all OFI treatment groups (18.3±3.4 mg/dl), on day 21 to the group that was administered the dose of 62.5 mg/kg, in which the HDL values (25.6±3.3 mg/dl) normalized. Conclusion: It is concluded that OFI extracts regulated lipid values in experimental animals.Introducción: El empleo en la terapéutica de las plantas medicinales; ha sido de mucha utilidad para curar enfermedades desde tiempos ancestrales en aplicación a la “medicina tradicional”. Existe un aumento de las “Enfermedades Crónicas No Transmisibles”, como diabetes, aterosclerosis, hipelipidemias, accidente cerebrovascular. Objetivo: Por lo que se evaluó la actividad Normo-lipemiante de Opuntia Ficus Indica en ratas Wistar. Métodos: Se conformaron siete grupos de siete animales cada uno, grupo normal, negativo (sin tratamiento), positivo (atorvastatina), grupo (Opuntia Streptacantha), 3 grupos (opuntia ficus indica diferentes dosis). Se determinaron valores iniciales del perfil lipídico, se indujo hiperlipidemia a partir de administración de dieta hipercalórica (carbohidratos 31,52% y grasa total 28,33%) por 60 días, comprobada la dislipidemia, se administraron los tratamientos a cada grupo, respectivamente. Se realizó determinaciones de valores de perfil lipídico a los 7, 14 y 21 días de tratamientos. Resultados: Los resultados obtenidos: colesterol total a partir del séptimo día de administración de los tratamientos post-hiperlipidemia, se regularizó a valores normales como (58,1±10,0 mg/dl), en comparación con el control negativo (grupo B) (127,25±14,12 mg/dl), manteniendo esta tendencia el día 21 del tratamiento. El HDL a partir del día 7 de administración los valores empezaron a normalizar en todos los grupos de tratamiento OFI (18,3±3,4 mg/dl), en el día 21 al grupo que se le administró la dosis de 62,5 mg/Kg, en que los valores de HDL (25,6±3,3 mg/dl) se normalizaron. Conclusión: Se concluye que los extractos de OFI regularon los valores de lípidos en los animales de experimentación