Students Problem-Solving Difficulties and Implications in Physics: An Empirical Study on Influencing Factors

In twenty first century, abundant innovative tools have been identified by the researchers to evaluate the conceptual understandings, problem solving, beliefs and attitudes about physics. Nevertheless, lacking of wide variety of evaluation instruments with respect to problem solving in physics. It indicates that the complexity of the domain fields of physics. The study was aimed to evaluate the student’s problem-solving skills and the factors influences the problem-solving difficulties in physics. A population of 303 Bachelor of education students of physics in Piler Mandal, Chittoor district, Andhra Pradesh, India.  The results of the study indicate and revealed that poor mathematical skills and lacking of understanding the problem are the major obstacles in the domain of problem solving skills in physics. To overcome these obstacles teachers, need to give enough assignments and need to recruit well qualified physics teachers. Keywords: Physics, Problem Solving skills, Perception, physics teachers, and mathematical skill

Impact of Simulation Based Education on Biology Student’s Academic Achievement in DNA Replication

The aim of this study is to determine the effect of simulation methods in teaching Science on education students’ academic achievement.70 students (35 control, 35 experimental) who studied at Srinivasa College of education, SV University in the Department of Education. 2015-2016 academic year students were participated in this simulation based instructional strategic research. Mixed methods approach, which included both qualitative and quantitative methods, were used. Instructional strategic methods were included from the biological science subject of DNA replication and transcription. Statistical results of the data obtained after the application showed that students of the experimental group who were taught using simulations were more successful than the students of the control group who were taught by the traditional approach. Also, it was determined that education students of the experimental group were satisfied by simulation-based education specially in science domain. Keywords: DNA replication, Transcription, Science education, simulation-based education, education technology

Effect of Troposphere and Ionosphere on C-Band Radar Track Data and Correction of Tracking Parameters

At any launch base radar tracking is critical for assessing the state of the launch vehicle for range safety function as well as for trajectory monitoring. Tracking data corrected for refraction effects is essential for estimating the flight performance. This paper presents the refraction effects of troposphere and ionosphere on the radio waves of C-Band radars in terms of errors in the measured tracking parameters. Application of mapping functions for correcting refraction errors in C-Band radar track data is studied and a comparison of the performance of mapping functions is presented. The mapping functions not only show good convergence at low elevations but also correct around 90 per cent of the refraction error in elevation.Defence Science Journal, 2012, 62(6), pp.420-426, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.62.116

PHARMACOGNASTIC STUDY AND DEVELOPMENT OF QUALITY CONTROL PARAMETERS FOR FLOWERS OF AVARTAKI (CASSIA AURICULATA LINN)

Context: Avartaki (Cassia auriculata linn) flowers are used for various conditions of ailments in traditional systems of medicine since ancient times. Aims: This study is designed to lay down the various pharmacognostic and phytochemical standards which will be helpful to ensure the purity, safety, and efficacy of this medicinal plant. Materials and Methods: Various methods including macroscopic, microscopic, physicochemical and phytochemical methods were applied to determine the diagnostic features for the identification and standardization of intact and powdered drug of Avartaki (Cassia auriculata Linn) flowers. Results: The shape, color, odour and surface characteristics were determined for the intact drug and powdered materials of Avartaki (Cassia auriculata Linn) flowers. Light and electron microscope images of cross-section of stamen and powdered microscopy revealed useful diagnostic features. Phytochemical, physicochemical analysis of powdered drug proved useful to differentiate the powdered drug material. High performance thin layer chromatography analysis showed the presence of important phytoconstituents. Conclusion: Morphology as well as various pharmacognostic aspects of different parts of the plant were studied and have been described here along with phytochemical and physicochemical studies, which will help in authentication and quality control

Development of a high resolution land surface dataset for the South Asian monsoon region

In this study, we report the development of a high resolution land surface dataset for the South Asian monsoon region for studies on land surface processes, and land and atmosphere coupling. The high resolu- tion land data assimilation system was used to develop the land surface dataset utilizing TRMM rainfall and ECMWF atmospheric variables as forcing parameters. The dataset was developed at a spatial resolution of 0.5° and temporal resolution of 1 h and spans a period of 6 years, i.e. 1 January 2005 to 31 December 2010. The major highlights in the development of the present dataset are higher spatial and temporal resolution of land surface parameters, use of sub-daily forcing parameters including rainfall, use of MODIS land-use data in lieu of USGS land-use data and weekly varying vegetation fraction instead of monthly vegetation climatology. A comparison of soil moisture and soil temperature with limited surface observations of the IMD suggests reasonable reliability of the land surface data. The model sensible heat flux data are compared with in situ measurements at Ranchi and MEERA reanalysis data. The sensitivity analysis shows that the land surface data are sensitive to rainfall and green vegetation cover data used as the forcing parameters. The dataset has been used to discuss the variations of land surface processes associated with active and break spells and a severe heat wave observed in 2009. The present dataset will be useful for many applications, including initializing numerical models for weather prediction. This high resolution land surface dataset is available for research on request

Resveratrol, cancer and cancer stem cells: A review on past to future

Cancer remains to be an unresolved medical challenge despite of tremendous advancement in basic science research and clinical medicine. One of the major limitations is due to the side effects of chemotherapy which remains to be palliative without offering any permanent cure for cancer. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the subpopulation of cells in tumors that remain viable even after surgery, chemo- and radio-therapy that eventually responsible for tumor relapse. Hence, by eliminating non-stem cancer cells and cancer stem cells from the patient, permanent cure is expected. Phytochemicals have been under the intensive study to target these CSCs effectively and permanently as they do not cause any side effects. Resveratrol (RSV) is one such compound attaining lot of interest in recent days to target CSCs either alone or in combination. RSV has been used by several researchers to target cancer cells in a variety of disease models, however its CSC targeting abilities are under intensive study at present. This review is to summarize the effects of RSV under in vitro and in vivo conditions along with advantages and disadvantages of its uses against cancer cells and cancer stem cells. From the first reports on phytochemical applications against cancer and cancer stem cells in 1997 and 2002 respectively followed by later reports, up to date observations and developments are enlisted from PubMed in this comprehensive review. RSV is shown to be a potential compound having impact on altering the signal transduction pathways in cancer cells. However, the effects are variable under in vitro and in vivo conditions, and also with its use alone or in combination with other small molecules. Past research on RSV is emphasizing the importance of in vivo experimental models and clinical trials with different prospective combinations, is a hope for future promising treatment regimen

INFLUENCES OF SODIUM ARSENITE ON SOME BLOOD PARAMETERS IN Cyprinus Carpio EXPOSED TO ARSENIC

Abstract The present study was aimed to investigate the effects of sodium arsenite on biochemical and hematologic parameters in carp (Cyprinus carpio, Linnaeus 1758) after exposed to arsenic. In this study fish were exposed to 0.01 mg/L arsenic. Our results indicated that significant suppression in Granulocyte, erythrocyte, hemoglobin, hematocrit values were decreased due to oxidative toxicity of arsenic in experimental group while comparing with control group. In addition levels of leucocyte, agranulocyte, MCV (mean corpuscular volume), MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) and MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) increased in the arsenic group (P<0.05) and hematological functions of common carp blood, after being exposed to arsenic

Tribological characteristics of pet track etching membranes after dry friction

The article shows the research of dry friction of PET track membrane according to the pin-on-disk scheme. The results had showed that the friction coefficient increased marginally by increasing the duration of the test. The raise of tests speed more than 5 mm/s contributed to the friction coefficient increasing. The friction coefficient values were comparable in the (1,5 - 5) mm/s range. The load increasing contributed to friction coefficient increasing

Evaluation of knowledge, attitude and practice towards drug-drug interactions among postgraduates in tertiary care hospital, Kurnool

Background: Drug-drug interactions (DDIs) are changes in a drug’s effects due to concurrent use of another drug. Clinically significant interactions lead to undesired adverse effects, therapeutic failure, toxicity or may even cause death of the patients. The Aim is to evaluate the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Postgraduates regarding DDIs and implementation of educational program may enhance patient’s safety.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among postgraduates in all clinical departments of Government general hospital, Kurnool in the month of October 2021. Pre-validated questionnaire was used to assess the KAP. It contains demographic data, knowledge and practice questions related to DDIs and attitude towards the preferable sources of drug interaction information. Data analysis was done by using SPSS version 26.Results: Out of 220 questionnaires distributed, 126 postgraduates submitted with complete answers(n=126). Overall response rate is 57%. By using the Bloom’s cut-off points, most of the respondents (43.5%) had low level of knowledge towards DDIs. Even respondents with high knowledge level (19%) are not practicing the drug interaction screening during the admission of patients. Majority of PGs with low level knowledge agreed to ask doctors than pharmacist about DDIs and prefer to search for DDIs using reference book than online mode as the source of drug information.Conclusions: In my study, most of the respondents had insufficient knowledge to prevent life threatening DDI’s. So, there is a need to increase medical educational program regarding the importance of screening and assessing of DDI’s before prescribing medicines