Occupational Health in the Digital Age: Implications for Remote Work Environments

In this digital age, where working from home is becoming more common, the patterns of workplace health are changing in ways that require a thorough analysis of the effects on employee health. This study looks into the many parts of job health in places where people work from home, looking at how technology, human behavior, and company rules interact.The digital age has made work plans more flexible than ever before, letting workers do their jobs from anywhere. This paradigm shift has some benefits, like making things more flexible and easy to access, but it also brings a lot of problems that need to be carefully thought through. Long-term use of digital devices can be bad for your body, and being alone at work can be bad for your mental health. Remote work situations have their own health issues that need a unique approach.This study brings together different pieces of research on workplace health to highlight the new health risks that come with the digitalization of work. There is a close look at how technology can help or hurt employee health and a study of how companies can lower health risks in remote work settings.Additionally, the study looks into the possible long-term effects of long-term remote work on mental and physical health, as well as how well present workplace health systems can adapt to the changing nature of work. By critically evaluating the intersection of technology and health, this study provides valuable insights for policymakers, organizations, and individuals seeking to optimize the well-being of remote workers in the digital age

Deformation induced martensite characteristics in 304 and 316 stainless steels during room temperature rolling

Abstract not availabl

A clinical study of maternal and fetal outcome in multiple gestations

Background: Twin gestation has always fascinated mankind throughout history; and its management is potential challenging for an obstetrician. Increasing maternal age at childbirth, use of ovulation induction drugs and assisted reproductive technologies has increased significantly the incidence of multiple fetal gestations. In India, the estimated incidence of twin pregnancy is 9–16 per 1000 births. With multiple gestation, than singleton ones, pregnancy induced maternal complications occur three to seven times more often. Prematurity, growth restriction, congenital anomalies, twin to twin transfusion, birth asphyxia, birth trauma, still birth are the problems faced by the multiples. The knowledge of maternal complications in multiple gestations will help in better maternal surveillance and prevent and treat the complications to improve the maternal and perinatal outcome. Objectives: To study the incidence of multiple gestation, obstetrical complications, maternal and foetal outcome in multiple pregnancies at a tertiary care centre. Methods: It was a retrospective observational study conducted in the department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, at Govt medical college and hospital, Aurangabad, tertiary care Hospital, from October 2015 to October 2017. The data retrieved from the medical records on the multiple pregnancies included demographic data, complications of pregnancy, and maternal and neonatal outcomes. Appropriate Statistical analysis was performed. Results: Of 533 multiple gestations, after considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 500 cases were found eligible for study giving percentage of 1.4% birth. Median gestational age at delivery was 37 weeks. Most common maternal complication was anaemia (32%). Other maternal complications were preterm labour (19.6%), premature rupture of membranes (8.8%), pregnancy induced hypertension (8%), ante partum haemorrhage (0.4%), and postpartum haemorrhage (7.2%). 50.8% cases were delivered by caesarean section. 44.5% neonates had preterm delivery and prematurity was the most common cause of neonatal death. Neonatal death rate was 11%. Conclusion: Twin pregnancy has high maternal and neonatal complications, especially preterm delivery that increases risk of significant neonatal morbidity and mortality

Effect of licofelone against NSAIDs-induced gastrointestinal ulceration and inflammation

247-253The present study was aimed to evaluate the effect of licofelone, a dual inhibitor of cycloxygenase 1/2-5-lipoxygenase against indomethacin-induced gastric damage in rats and mice in order to assess the role of leukotrienes if any, in nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-induced gastrointestinal inflammation. Acute pretreatment with licofelone reversed the indomethacin-induced gastric ulceration, neutrophil adhesion in mesentery venules, neutrophil count in blood, lipid peroxides and vascularity in the stomachs of mice and rats. Further, chronic pretreatment of licofelone also prevented indomethacin-induced gastric morphological changes and cellular infiltration in mesentery venules. Moreover, acute admini stration of indomethacin elevated leukotriene B4 levels in gastric mucosa, which was reversed by pretreatment with licofelone The results suggest that licofelone offered gastroprotection against NSAIDs-induced gastropathy through its effect on leukotrienes and by inhibiting extravasation of neutrophils

Effect of 5-lipoxygenase inhibition on events associated with inflammatory bowel disease in rats

667-673Leukotrienes play a part in inflammatory response. The unique role of the enzyme 5- lipoxygenase (5-LOX) in the production of leukotrienes makes it a likely therapeutic target for inflammatory conditions like asthma, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of zileuton, an orally active selective 5-LOX inhibitor against the events associated with dextran sodium sulphate- induced colitis in a rat model of IBD.The animals were administered simultaneously zileuton (100mg/kg) or sulphasalazine (100mg/kg) orally for 7 days. On day eight, rats were sacrificed, and distal colon isolated to determine myeloperoxidae activity, in vivo superoxide dismutase activity, prostaglandin E2 levels and histological examination. Both zileuton and sulphasalazine significantly prevented the development of inflammatory events associated with colitis. The effect of zileuton was more pronounced towards reducing myeloperoxidase activity and increasing PGE2 levels in distal colon. The results show that chemotactic leukotrienes are responsible for inflammatory surge in damaged colon and, zileuton, significantly improved healing by inhibition of neutrophil recruitment and indirectly through increase in prostaglandins at the site of inflammation. It is suggested that inhibitors of 5-LOX enzyme may have useful therapeutic role in the treatment of chronic intestinal inflammation

Study on adolescent gynaecological problems

Background: Adolescent is age between 11-19 years, where there are enormous physical, psychological, sexual, emotional and behavioural changes. They constitute 22 % of population in India. Hence, their unique problems need to be addressed. Objectives: 1) To study gynaecological problems and their clinical profile in adolescent girls. 2) To evaluate treatment modalities of gynaecological problems in adolescent girls. 3) To evaluate reproductive health awareness among adolescent girls. Methods: Girls in the age group of 11 to 19 years attending gynaecology OPD or emergency were included in the study. First, the girl was interviewed keeping her privacy and dignity. A detailed history and examination were done emphasizing on pubertal events such as thelarche, pubarche, pregnancy and menarche. Investigations like hemogram, coagulograms, hormonal assays, and sonography were done wherever applicable. Results: 71.67% achieved menarche at 14-16 years of age. Most common gynaecological problems among the adolescent girls were menstrual disorders 156 (52%), followed by vaginal discharge i.e. 35(11.6%), 24(8.0%) gave history of sexual assault, 24 (8%) had excessive weight gain and 20(6.6%) reported urinary tract infection. The most common type of menstrual disorder was that of oligomenorrhea 86 (55.2%). Out of 38 PCOS cases, 31(81.6%) cases presented with oligomenorrhea. Out of 300 cases, 200(66.7%) cases were aware of physical signs of puberty, 245(81.7%) cases were aware of STD, HIV and its mode of transmission, 200(66.7%) cases were aware about contraceptive methods, 150(50.0%) cases were aware about physiology of menstruation and 198(66.0%) cases were aware of menstrual hygiene. Out of 19 teenage pregnancies, in 8(42.1%) cases LSCS was done, 4(21.3%) cases had vaginal delivery and 4(21.0%) cases had MTP. Conclusions: Menstrual abnormalities are the most common gynaecological problems of adolescents. Adolescents should be addressed with dignity. It is need of the time to set up specialized adolescent gynaecological clinics

Effect of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor against lipopolysaccharide-induced hypothermia in mice

1150-1155Bacterial endotoxin produces sepsis associated with alterations in body temperature (fever or hypothermia). The intraperitoneal administration of bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 50 μg/mouse) led to a decrease in colonic temperature starting 1 hr after the injection. The hypothermic effect was accompanied by a significant increase in hypothalamic leukotriene B4 (LTB4) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) levels. 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, zileuton (200 and 400 Mg/kg. po) administered 30 min before LPS challenge significantly prevented hypothermia. However, non-selective cyclooxygenase inhibitor, indomethacin (10, 20 mg/kg, po) did not reverse the hypothermic response. Further, pretreatment of mice with zileuton prevented LPS-stimulated increase in hypothalamic LTB4 levels and caused a relatively small increase in PGEz levels. Indomethacin had no effect on LTB4 levels but it reduced PGE2 levels. These results suggest a possible involvement of leukotrienes in LPS-induced hypothermia and the potential protective role of 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors in endotoxemia