Complementary action of chemical and electrical synapses to perception

Acknowledgements This study was possible by partial financial support from the following agencies: Fundação Araucária, EPSRC-EP/I032606/1, CNPq No. 441553/2014-1, CAPES No. 17656-12-5 and Science Without Borders Program— Process Nos. 17656125, 99999.010583/2013-00 and 245377/2012-3.Peer reviewedPostprin

The Structure of Spatial Networks and Communities in Bicycle Sharing Systems

Bicycle sharing systems exist in hundreds of cities around the world, with the aim of providing a form of public transport with the associated health and environmental benefits of cycling without the burden of private ownership and maintenance. Five cities have provided research data on the journeys (start and end time and location) taking place in their bicycle sharing system. In this paper, we employ visualization, descriptive statistics and spatial and network analysis tools to explore system usage in these cities, using techniques to investigate features specific to the unique geographies of each, and uncovering similarities between different systems. Journey displacement analysis demonstrates similar journey distances across the cities sampled, and the (out)strength rank curve for the top 50 stands in each city displays a similar scaling law for each. Community detection in the derived network can identify local pockets of use, and spatial network corrections provide the opportunity for insight above and beyond proximity/popularity correlations predicted by simple spatial interaction models

A fração glomalina e a estabilidade de agregados de diferentes Latossolos.

A Glomalina é uma glicoproteina produzida por fungos micorrizicos arbusculares que tem sido associada à formação e estabilização de agregados do solo e à dinâmica no estoque de carbono. O objetivo deste trabalho foi quantificar a fração protéica relacionada à glomalina em quatro diferentes tipos de latossolos e relacioná-la à estabilidade estrutural de agregados, medida por agitação em água. Foram extraídas as frações glomalina de agregados dos tamanhos 0,50 e 0,25 mm com e sem o extrator citrato de sódio, e em seguida estes foram agitados em um aparelho de Y oder. Foram detectadas grandes diferenças entre solos no teor absoluto da fração glomalina e na estabilidade de agregados entre as modalidades de extração, com redução da estabilidade após a extração, concluindo-se que existe efeito dessa fração na estabilidade de agregados

Matrix Quantization of Turbulence

Based on our recent work on Quantum Nambu Mechanics \cite{af2}, we provide an explicit quantization of the Lorenz chaotic attractor through the introduction of Non-commutative phase space coordinates as Hermitian $N \times N$ matrices in $R^{3}$. For the volume preserving part, they satisfy the commutation relations induced by one of the two Nambu Hamiltonians, the second one generating a unique time evolution. Dissipation is incorporated quantum mechanically in a self-consistent way having the correct classical limit without the introduction of external degrees of freedom. Due to its volume phase space contraction it violates the quantum commutation relations. We demonstrate that the Heisenberg-Nambu evolution equations for the Matrix Lorenz system develop fast decoherence to N independent Lorenz attractors. On the other hand there is a weak dissipation regime, where the quantum mechanical properties of the volume preserving non-dissipative sector survive for long times.Comment: 14 pages, Based on invited talks delivered at: Fifth Aegean Summer School, "From Gravity to Thermal Gauge theories and the AdS/CFT Correspondance", September 2009, Milos, Greece; the Intern. Conference on Dynamics and Complexity, Thessaloniki, Greece, 12 July 2010; Workshop on "AdS4/CFT3 and the Holographic States of Matter", Galileo Galilei Institute, Firenze, Italy, 30 October 201